Gout Treatments

Question 1

Besides NSAIDs and corticosteroids, name 5 drugs that are used to treat gout.

Answer 1

Colchicine, probenecid, allopurinol, febuxostat, pegloticase

Question 2

Name 3 drugs/drug classes that are used to treat acute gouty arthritis.

Answer 2

NSAIDs, corticosteroids, and colchicine

Question 3

Name 4 drugs that are used to treat chronic tophaceous gout.

Answer 3

Probenecid, allopurinol, febuxostat, pegloticase

Question 4

How does colchicine cause the inibition of leukocyte migration, phagocytosis, and cytokine release in acute gouty arthritis? How many hours does it take to start working?

Answer 4

By inhibiting tubulin polymerization; 12-24 hours

Question 5

Which therapy for chronic tophaceous gout is an uricosuric agent, meaning that it increases the rate of excretion of uric acid? How does it work?

Answer 5

Probenecid; competes with uric acid in the renal tubule to prevent its reabsorption

Question 6

Which 2 therapies for chronic tophaceous gout are uric acid synthesis inhibitors? Which one is a non-purine, non-competitive antagonist of xanthine oxidase?

Answer 6

Allopurinol and febuxostat; febuxostat

Question 7

Does allopurinol inhibit uric acid synthesis by competitive or non-competitive inhibition of xanthine oxidase?

Answer 7

Both: allopurinol itself is a competitive inhibitor, while its metabolite alloxanthine is a non-competitive inhibitor

Question 8

Which therapy for chronic tophaceous gout is a recombinant uricase that directly metabolizes uric acid? What does it convert the uric acid into?

Answer 8

Pegloticase; allantoin

Question 9

Which 2 therapies for chronic tophaceous gout can cause an initial attack of acute gouty arthritis as they mobilize the urate crystals?

Answer 9

Probenecid and allopurinol

Question 10

Which gout therapy can cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea; as well as peripheral neuropathy and neutropenia with long-term use?

Answer 10

Colchicine

Question 11

Which gout therapy can cause GI irritation and decreased secretion of some weak acids, such as penicillin?

Answer 11

Probenecid

Question 12

Which gout therapy is the newest, most expensive, and can also cause side effects of nausea, rash, and arthralgias?

Answer 12

Febuxostat

Question 13

Which drug, stabilized by polyethylene glycol, is currently used on chronic gout that is refractory to all other therapies?

Answer 13

Pegloticase