Gout & osteoarthritis Flashcards
Signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis
Joint pain and stiffness
Swelling of joints
Crepitus
Muscle weakness and wasting
Acute monoarthritis definition and causes
Acute arthritis of a single joint.
Causes:
- crystal-induced i.e. gout
- infection - septic arthritis
- trauma
What is gout?
A type of arthritis which causes sudden, severe joint pain.
Uric acid crystal deposition in joints.
Cause of gout
Build up of uric acid in the blood (hyperuricaemia)
Gout risk factors
Male
Obesity and alcohol
Drug induced - thiazide diuretics
Genetic predisposition
Chemotherapy cancer treatment
Symptoms of gout
Acute inflammation of a single joint
Usually great toe is affected
Usually a precipitating event - trauma, surgery, illness, diet, alcohol
Rapid onset
Treatment of gout
NSAIDs
Dental aspects of gout
Avoid aspirin - interferes with uric acid removal
Drug treatment may give oral ulceration (allopurinol - lowers uric acid production)
What is osteoarthritis?
Degenerative joint disease affecting predominantly hips and knees (weight bearing joints).
It’s the most common type of arthritis.
Cartilage repair dysfunction.
Symptoms of osteoarthritis
Pain which improves with rest & worse with exercise.
Brief morning stiffness.
Slowly progressive over years.
Signs of osteoarthritis
Radiographs
- loss of joint space and subchondral sclerosis
- osteophyte lipping at joint edge
- may show asymptomatic changes
Joint swelling and deformity.
Osteoarthritis treatment
No preventative treatment
Pain improved by weight loss, physiotherapy, walking aids, NSAIDs and prosthetic joint replacement.
Dental aspects of osteoarthritis
TMJ can be involved - symptoms are rare but can be seen on radiograph.
Limited mobility - difficulty accessing care.
Chronic NSAID use - bleeding tendency, oral ulceration possible.
Dental aspects of osteoarthritis
TMJ can be involved - symptoms are rare but can be seen on radiograph.
Limited mobility - difficulty accessing care.
Chronic NSAID use - bleeding tendency, oral ulceration possible.
