Gout

Question 1

Gout Characteristics

Answer 1

Complex form of arthritis
Sudden, severe attacks of pain, redness and tenderness in the joints
Most often at the base of the big toe
Men > women

Question 2

Causes of Gout

Answer 2

Urate crystals accumulate in your joint
Urate crystals form from high uric acid levels in the blood
Body produces uric acid with purine breakdown (normally found in your body)
Factors that increase uric acid; diet (meat, seafood, alcohol), obesity, meds, FH, medical conditions

Question 3

Gout Diagnostics

Answer 3

Physical exam
May aspirate fluid
Uric acid crystals
X-ray to r/o other causes

Question 4

Medications for Acute Gout Attacks

Answer 4

NSAID’s (naproxen, indomethacin) x5-10 days
Colchicine- give within 36 hours of onset- provides relief within 18 hrs. many ill have diarrhea or nausea within 24 hours of 1st dose
Corticosteroids- use for refractory cases or if above meds contraindicated

Question 5

Medications to Prevent Complications of Gout

Answer 5

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors

• Allopurinol, aloprim, zyloprim
• Probenecid improves uric acid removal

Question 6

Gout Lifestyle Modifications

Answer 6

Exercise
Limit intake of high purine foods
Limit alcohol and sweetened beverages (fructose)
Avoid foods high in purines
Avoid asparagus, mushrooms, spinach, soda, alcohol