Good questions

Question 1

Which 3 drugs can you use to treat urinary incontinence ?

Answer 1

Alpha-adrenoreceptor Agonists

Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists

Oestrogen Receptor Agonists

Question 2

What situations would you use each of the 3 drugs to treat urinary incontinence?

Answer 2

Alpha-adrenoreceptor Agonists when it is associated with incompetency of the internal sphincter

Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists when associated with excessive detrusor activity

Oestrogen Receptor Agonists

Question 3

Would you use a Muscarinic Receptor Agonist to treat urinary incontinence and why?

Answer 3

NO
We want relaxation of D to retain urine and fill bladder, contraction of the detrusor muscle, to wee is caused through parasympathetic action - acetylcholine acting on MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS.

Muscarinic Receptor Agonist, you are stimulating urinary output - the opposite of what we want when it comes to treating incontinence!

Muscarinic Receptor Agonists may be used to treat urinary retention due to reduced detrusor tone.

Question 4

What classes of pharmacology do benzodiazapines treat?

Answer 4

facilitate the action of GABA – activate GABA Cl- channel = anti serotonic = depresses satiety, manages msucle spasms, sedative only licensed in horses, manages unexpected unavoidable fear inducing stimuli

1. GI - Appetite stimulant
2. Urinary - to treat U retention due to urethral muscle spasms
3. AEDs - First line, Imepitoin (e.g. phenobarbital) which imepitoin acts as a partial agonist at the benzodiazepine site of the GABAA receptor, thereby potentiating the action of GABA. This drug may also act on Ca++ channels to reduce their activity
4. AEDs - DIAZEPAM -Benzodiazepine receptors activate the GABA chloride channel in a similar way to phenobarbital
5. Behavioural pharmacology