GOOD GOVERNANCE Flashcards
An example of spatial externalization that imposes costs upon whoever is tasked with such disposal.
Waste Disposal
An example of spatial externalization that imposes costs upon customers who must queue for service.
Removing staff from shops
An example of spatial externalization that imposes costs upon suppliers by transferring stockholding
Just in time manufacturing
Describes the way costs are transferred from the current time period into another - the future.
Temporal externalization
Individuals voluntary gave up certain rights in order for the government of the state to be able to manage for the greater good of all citizens (as argued by Jean Jacques Rousseau).
Social Contract
An example of temporal externalization: deferring_________to a future time period and so
increasing reported value in the present.
Investment
An example of temporal externalization: Eliminating ____________ may save costs in the present at the expense of future competitiveness.
Staff training
An example of temporal externalization:_________ which must then be cleaned up in the future.
Causing pollution
Stakeholders who cannot choose not to be a stakeholder to an organization.
Involuntary stakeholder
Stakeholders included within the organization such as employees or managers.
Internal stakeholders
According to Hetherington, an amount of corporate non-profit activity will reduce either________
or the market performance of the_________
Dividends
Stocks
Any actions which an organization undertakes will have an effect not just upon itself but also upon the ____________within which that organization resides.
external environment
Milton Friedman says, “There is one and only one social responsibility of business -to use its______and engage in activities designed to increase Its profits so long as it stays within the rules of the game, which is to say, engages in open and free competition without deception or fraud.
Resources
Effect of the organizational activities: The utilization of _________ as part of its production processes.
natural resources
Effect of the organizational activities: The effects of ________
between itself and other organizations in the same market.
competition
Effect of the organizational activities: The enrichmentof local community through the creation of __________ ___________
employment opportunities
Effect of the organizational activities: Transformation of the _________ due to raw material extraction or product waste storage.
landscape
Effect of the organizational activities: The distribution of _________created within the firm to the owners of that firm (via dividends) and the workers of that firm (through wages) and the effect of this upon the welfare of individuals.
wealth
Effect of the organizational activities: the greatest concern has been with________ ________and the way in which the emission of greenhouse gases (contributes to greenhouse effect).
climate change
__________is concerned with the effect which action taken in the
present has upon the options available in the future.
Sustainability
___________ means that the external impact of the actions of the organization can be ascertained from that organization’s reporting and pertinent facts that are not disguised within that reporting.
Transparency
is concerned with an organization recognizing that its actions affect external environment, and therefore assuming responsibility for the effects of its actions.
Accountability
Raw materials of an extractive in nature, such as coal, iron, or oil, are___________in quantity and once used are not available for future use.
Finite
___________ in the future will be needed to fulfil the functions currently provided by the resources that are limited in quantity.
Alternatives
____________ is the trapping of the sun’s warmth in a planet’s lower atmosphere.
Greenhouse effect
As resources becomes depleted then the cost of acquiring the remaining resources tends to ________
increase
It describes the way in which costs can be transferred to other entities in the current time period.
Spatial externalization
An example of spatial externalization that imposes costs upon the local community through reduced quality of life because of pollution caused by dead rivers or increased traffic.
Environmental degradation
An example of spatial externalization that imposes costs upon society at large.
Causing pollution
