Good and Evil Flashcards
what is a absolute normality
the theory that right and wrong are fixed rules which are unchanging and universal
what is relative morality
the theory that right and wrong changing depending on the situation
what is reform
the idea that punishment should try and change criminals so that they will not commit crimes again
what is deterrence
the idea that punishment will be of such nature that they will deter future crime
what is retribution
the idea that punishment should make criminals pay for what they have done wrong
what is protection as an aim of punishment
the idea that society should be protected from the offences that a criminal commits
capital punishment
a form of punishment in which a criminal is put to death for crimes commited.
what type of punishment is the death penalty
retribution
what is evil
something that is considered extremely immoral, wicked or wrong. eg murder
what is suffering
pain or distress caused by injury, illness or loss. suffering can be physical, emotional or spiritual. eg a broken arm.
why are some christains against the death penalty
“do not murder” is one of the ten commandments
jesus taught forgiveness
how are norways prisons different
they think the punishment is not seeing family
try to make life as normal as possible and not like a prison
prisoners wear their own clothes and have jobs
guards are also social workers -> have someone to trust and confide in
do norway’s prisons work
much lower incarceration rates then the us
lower reoffending rates
do prisons work
prisons are dangerous -> cause further violence
destroys family/ friend bonds
1/2 of prisoners reoffend
severe social and mental health issues
prisons cause loss and loneliness
high levels of drug abuse
what are christian teaching on aims of punishment
believe in reform
should give people an opportunity to change (eg thro therapy or education)
believe this as jesus taught compassion and not revenge
“neither do i, condemn you, now go and sun no more” - jesus in the parable of the adulterous woman
arguments that say we are born good
empathy is a powerful emotion. -> oxytocin is a chemical which helps us connects up people
even in vr most people try to save as many as possible -> an instinct to preserve life
arguments saying we are born evil
psychopaths cannot understand the difference between right/wrong = don’t feel empathy. -> brains wired differently
there is a warrior gene that makes it more likely you’ll be violent
how do we decide right from wrong
law
upbringing/ family
instinct
conscience
teachers/school
society/media
environment
religion
how do religious people decide right from wrong
holy books
prophets/role models
prayer
religious leaders
conscience
gods voice
why is forgiveness good (science)
higher happiness
lower blood pressure
why are some people against forgiveness
it might not be what they personally need in order to heal. some might find forgiveness liberating and powerful but for some it does the opposite
what’s homeboy industries
helps former gang members
christian led thing
anger management
parenting classes
job training
why are christian’s for forgiveness
lord’s prayer “forgive our sins as God forgives us
God judges we shouldn’t
jesus taught forgiveness “forgive not 7 times but 77 times”
agape love
why are muslims in support of forgiveness
humans need Gods forgiveness and human forgiveness
human forgiveness stops evil
muhammad helping the disrespectful lady when she fell sick
who’s desmond tutu
church of england bishop
led truth and reconciliation commission in south africa after apartheid
avoided a civil war, helped people come to terms with crimes and avoided revenge and blood shed
motivated by the bibles teachings
what’s evil
that which is considered extremely immoral wicked or wrong eg murder
what’s suffering
pain or distress caused by injury illness or loss. can be physical emotional or spiritual eg broken arm
what are the 4 responses to natural evil
punishment (punishment for sun. catholics: punishment for the fall)
test of faith
education (suffering helps us learn and take responsibility and help others)
balance (to appreciate good we have to be able to recognise bad)
what to christian’s argue about moral evil
it’s caused by the fact devil (tempts humans into disobeying God)
cause of humans and free will
