Goniometry UE

Question 1

Shoulder Flexion

Answer 1

Pivot: lateral aspect of acromion
Static arm: Parallel to midaxillary line
Moving arm: Lateral epicondyle

Question 2

Shoulder Flexion ROM

Answer 2

0-180

Question 3

Shoulder Flexion position

Answer 3

Patient is supine. Therapist stands on side of the arm being tested.

Question 4

Shoulder Abduction

Answer 4

Pivot: anterior aspect of acromion
Static arm: parallel to the midline of the anterior aspect of the sternum
Moving arm: anterior midline of the humerus

Question 5

Shoulder Abduction ROM

Answer 5

0-180

Question 6

Shoulder Abduction position

Answer 6

Patient is supine. Therapist stands over patient to the side of the arm being measured. Make sure to not be in the way of the patient’s arm as they are abducting it.

Question 7

Shoulder Internal Rotation

Answer 7

Pivot: Olecranon process
Static arm: perpendicular or parallel to the floor
Moving arm: ulna

Question 8

Shoulder Internal Rotation ROM

Answer 8

70-90

Question 9

Shoulder Internal Rotation position

Answer 9

Patient is supine. Therapist is at the side of the arm being measured. Patient’s arm starts in an upright position then brings it down towards their feet. Put a towel under arm.

Question 10

Shoulder External Rotation

Answer 10

Pivot: Olecranon process
Static arm: parallel or perpendicular to the floor
Moving arm: ulna

Question 11

Shoulder External Rotation ROM

Answer 11

90

Question 12

Shoulder External Rotation position

Answer 12

Patient is supine. Therapist stands at the side of the arm being measured. Patient’s arm starts out in an upright position then brings it back towards their head. Put a towel under arm.

Question 13

Shoulder Horizontal Adduction

Answer 13

Pivot: superior portion of acromion
Static arm: parallel to table or floor
Moving arm: in line with humerus

Question 14

Shoulder Horizontal Adduction ROM

Answer 14

0-135

Question 15

Shoulder Horizontal Adduction position

Answer 15

Patient is supine, shoulder in 90 degrees abduction, elbow flexed and brings arm over chest as far as they can go.

Question 16

Shoulder Horizontal Abduction

Answer 16

Pivot: superior aspect of acromion
Static arm: parallel to table or floor
Moving arm: In line with humerus

Question 17

Shoulder Horizontal Abduction ROM

Answer 17

0-45

Question 18

Shoulder Horizontal Abduction position

Answer 18

Patient is prone, shoulder is in 90 degrees abduction, elbow flexed, lift elbow up

Question 19

Shoulder Extension

Answer 19

Pivot: lateral aspect of acromion
Static arm: parallel to midaxillary line of the thorax
Moving arm: lateral epicondyle of humerus

Question 20

Shoulder Extension ROM

Answer 20

50

Question 21

Shoulder Extension position

Answer 21

Patient is supine. Therapist stands at side of arm being measured.

Question 22

Elbow Flexion

Answer 22

Pivot: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Static arm: lateral midline of the humerus
Moving arm: lateral midline of the radius

Question 23

Elbow Flexion ROM

Answer 23

140-150

Question 24

Elbow Flexion position

Answer 24

Patient is supine. Therapist stands at side of arm being measured.

Question 25

Forearm Supination

Answer 25

Pivot: Medially and proximally to the ulnar styloid process
Static arm: parallel to the anterior midline of the humerus
Moving arm: Across the ventral aspect of the forearm, just proximal to the styloid processes

Question 26

Forearm Supination ROM

Answer 26

77-92

Question 27

Forearm Supination position

Answer 27

Patient is sitting up with their arm tucked into the side of their body. The forearm is positioned in forearm neutral. The goniometer is on the “palmar” side. Patient supinates. Therapist holds patient hand (not on table)

Question 28

Forearm Pronation

Answer 28

Pivot: Laterally and proximally to the ulnar styloid process
Static arm: parallel to the midline of the humerus
Moving arm: Dorsal aspect of the forearm, just proximal to the styloid processes.

Question 29

Forearm Pronation ROM

Answer 29

76-84

Question 30

Forearm Pronation position

Answer 30

Patient is sitting up with their arm tucked into the side of their body. The forearm is in neutral. Patient pronates. Goniometer is on the dorsal side of the forearm. Therapist holds patient’s hand (not on table).

Question 31

Wrist Flexion

Answer 31

Pivot: Distal to ulnar styloid process, lateral aspect of wrist over the triquetrum
Static arm: lateral midline of ulna
Moving arm: lateral midline of the 5th MC

Question 32

Wrist Flexion ROM

Answer 32

0-80

Question 33

Wrist Flexion Position

Answer 33

Patient is sitting with forearm resting on table. Wrist is hanging over the edge of the table, straight and prone. Therapist places goniometer on the lateral side of the arm. Flex wrist.

Question 34

Wrist Extension

Answer 34

Pivot: lateral aspect of the wrist over the triquetrum, distal to the ulnar styloid process
Static arm: lateral midline of ulna
Moving arm: lateral midline of the 5th MC

Question 35

Wrist Extension ROM

Answer 35

0-70

Question 36

Wrist Extension position

Answer 36

Patient is sitting, forearm resting on table with wrist over the edge of the table prone. Fingers slightly flexed. Extend wrist. Goniometer on the lateral side of the wrist.

Question 37

Wrist Radial Deviation

Answer 37

Pivot: dorsal aspect of the wrist over the capitate