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ABBEY MSII Unit 1 > Goljy Musculoskeletal and Soft Tissue. > Flashcards

Goljy Musculoskeletal and Soft Tissue. Flashcards

1
Q

Monosodium urate crystals (MSU)

A

yellow when parallel to slow ray of compensator

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2
Q

Calcium pyrophosphate crystals (pseudogout)

A

blue when parallel to slow ray of compensator

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3
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

degeneration articular cartilage; subchondral cysts; eburnation; osteophytes at margins

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4
Q

OA Joints

A

weight bearing (femoral head); DIP joint (Heberden’s nodes), PIP joints (Bouchard nodes)

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5
Q

Neuropathic joint

A

2° to neurologic disease; Any condition resulting in decreased peripheral sensation, proprioception, and fine motor control: DM, syringomyelia, tabes dorsalis

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6
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

A

female dominant; HLA Dr4

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7
Q

RF

A

IgM antibody against Fc portion IgG; causes inflammation of synovial tissue

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8
Q

Pannus

A

inflamed hyperplastic synovial tissue destroys articular cartilage; joint fusion

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9
Q

RA Joints

A

MCP and PIP joints

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10
Q

S/S RA

A

morning stiffness; ulnar deviation of hands; carpal tunnel (entrapped median nerve)

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11
Q

Rx RA

A

methotrexate often used as initial therapy, aspirin

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12
Q

Sjogren’s syndrome

A

destruction lacrimal and minor salivary glands; RA; anti-SS-Ro/SS-La (SSa and SSb)

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13
Q

S/S Sjogren’s syndrome

A

dry eyes and dry mouth

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14
Q

Caplan syndrome

A

pneumoconiosis + rheumatoid nodules in lungs

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15
Q

Felty’s syndrome

A

RA + splenomegaly with hypersplenism

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16
Q

Gouty arthritis

A

underexcretion of uric acid; big toe first affected; tophus in soft tissue sign chronic gout

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17
Q

Gout associations

A

alcohol, Pb poisoning

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18
Q

Tophus

A

MSU crystals produce foreign body giant cell reaction next to joint

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19
Q

Uricosuric agents

A

probenecid and sulfinpyrazone

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20
Q

Allopurinol

A

↓ synthesis uric acid; xanthine oxidase inhibitor

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21
Q

Pseudogout

A

involves knee; linear calcification in articular cartilage

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22
Q

Ankylosing spondylitis

A

HLA-B27 seronegative (RF negative) spondyloarthropathy; male dominant

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23
Q

S/S ankylosing spondylitis

A

sacroiliitis; bamboo spine causing kyphosis; aortitis; uveitis

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24
Q

Associations aknylosing spondylitis

A

C. trachomatis MC, psoriasis, ulcerative colitis, Shigella, Campylobacter, Yersinia

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25
Reiter's syndrome
HLA-B27; Chlamydia urethritis; arthritis; conjunctivitis; Achilles tendon periostitis
26
Osteomyelitis children
hematogenous spread of Staphylococcus aureus to metaphysis
27
Osteomyelitis in HbSS
Salmonella paratyphi
28
Pseudomonas aeruginosa osteomyelitis
puncture of foot when wearing rubber foot wear
29
Tuberculous osteomyelitis
usually involves vertebra (Pott's disease)
30
Disseminated gonococcemia
female dominant; C6-C9 deficiency
31
Disseminated gonococcemia
septic arthritis (knee); tendinitis/synovitis and skin pustules in feet/wrists
32
Lyme disease
bite Ixodes tick; Borrelia burgdorjeri; reservoirs white footed mouse, white tailed deer
33
Early S/S Lyme disease
erythematous concentric rash (erythema chronicum migrans), Rx doxycycline
34
Late S/S Lyme disease
arthritis, Bell's palsy (often bilateral), myocarditis, Rx doxycycline
35
Babesiosis
carried by Ixodes tick; Babesia are intraerythrocytic parasites; hemolytic anemia
36
Cat bite
potential for Pasteurella multocida septic arthritis
37
Osgood Schlatter's
inflammation proximal tibial apophysis at patellar tendon insertion; knobby knee
38
Osteogenesis imperfecta
AD; ↓ synthesis type I collagen; pathologic fractures; blue sclera
39
Blue sclera
reflection choroidal veins
40
Achondroplasia
AD; impaired enchondral calcification and premature closure of epiphyses
41
S/S achondroplasia
normal head/vertebral column, short extremities
42
Osteopetrosis
AD/AR; osteoclast defect; too much bone; pathologic fractures
43
Osteoporosis
↓ bone mass and density; pathologic fractures
44
Postmenopausal osteoporosis
estrogen deficiency - ↑ osteoclastic activity, ↓ osteoblastic activity
45
S/S postmenopausal osteoporosis
vertebral compression fractures, Colles fracture
46
Colles fracture
fractured distal radius with dinner fork appearance
47
Prevention of osteoporosis
estrogen (under investigation), calcium, vitamin D, stress exercises (walking, weight lifting)
48
Aseptic necrosis femoral head
femoral head fracture, corticosteroids, sickle cell disease; MRI best test
49
Scaphoid bone fracture
aseptic necrosis in wrist bone
50
Volkmann's ischemic contracture
fracture of distal radius; damage to brachial artery and median nerve
51
Legg-Perthe's disease
aseptic necrosis of ossification center (femoral head) in children
52
Paget's disease
elderly males; lytic/blastic bone lesions produce thick, weak bone
53
S/S Paget's disease
pathologic fractures; ↑ serum AP; ↑ risk for osteogenic sarcoma
54
Osteoid osteoma
radiolucent lesion in cortex proximal femur; nocturnal pain relieved by aspirin
55
Osteogenic sarcoma
adolescent male; RB suppressor gene association; distal femur; ↑ AP
56
Radiograph osteogenic sarcoma
"sunburst" appearance, Codman's triangle
57
Ewing's sarcoma
primitive neuroectodermal tumor; round cell tumor
58
Radiograph ewing sarcoma
"onion skinning"
59
Osteochondroma
MC benign bone tumor; exophytic growth off metaphysis of distal femur
60
Chondrosarcoma
MC malignant cartilaginous tumor; pelvic bones, proximal femur
61
Giant cell tumor
epiphysis distal femur/proximal tibia; giant cells + neoplastic mononuclear cells
62
Muscle weakness
primary muscle disease, neurosynapse disease, neurogenic disease
63
Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
XR; deficiency dystrophin; ↑ serum CK at birth; waddling gait
64
Dystrophin
attaches portions of cell membrane to sarcomere; important in contraction
65
Becker's dystrophy
XR, defective dystrophin
66
Myotonic dystrophy
AD; trinucleotide repeat disorder; cannot release grip
67
Myasthenia gravis
autoantibody against acetylcholine receptors (type II); thymic hyperplasia B cells
68
S/S myasthenia gravis
diplopia at end of day first sign; dysphagia solids/liquids upper esophagus; thymoma
69
Dupuytren's contracture
fibromatosis palmar fascia
70
Lipoma
MC soft tissue tumor
71
Liposarcoma
MC adult sarcoma
72
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
MC childhood sarcoma
73
Autoimmune disease
loss of self-tolerance
74
Serum ANA
greatest sensitivity for detecting SLE
75
SLE
type III reaction; confirm with anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm
76
S/S SLE
malar rash, photophobia, joint pain, fibrinous pericarditis, nephritic GN
77
Drug-induced lupus
procainamide, hydralazine; anti-histone antibodies
78
Antiphospholipid antibodies
lupus anticoagulant, anti-cardiolipin antibodies; vessel thrombosis
79
PSS
excess collagen; anti-topoisomerase antibodies
80
S/S PSS
dysphagia solids/liquids, Raynaud's, interstitial lung disease, renal failure
81
CREST
centromere antibody/calcinosis; Raynaud; esophageal dysmotility; sclerodactyly; telangiectasia
82
Dermatomyositis/polymyositis
↑ serum CK; risk of malignancy
83
Mixed connective tissue disease
anti-ribonucleoprotein antibody
84
Antibody against acetylcholine receptor
myasthenia gravis
85
Antibody against basement membrane
Goodpasture's syndrome
86
Antibody against endomysium and gliadin
celiac disease
87
Antibody against insulin and islet cell
type I diabetes
88
Antibody against intrinsic factor and parietal cell
pernicious anemia
89
Antibody against microsome and thyroglobulin
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
90
Antibody against mitochondria
primary biliary cirrhosis
91
Antibody against proteinase 3 of neutrophil (cANCA)
Wegener's granulomatosis
92
Antibody against myeloperoxidase of neutrophils (pANCA)
microscopic polyangiitis
93
Antibody against TSH receptor
Graves disease

ABBEY MSII Unit 1 (4 decks)

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