Goeography Must Begin Flashcards
What words do we use to describe cloud cover
Overcast ; clear sky ; partly cloudy
What does a thermometer do
Measures the temperature
What does anemometer do
It measures the windspeed
What does the Stevenscreen
Houses the Weather instruments
What does a Wind vane do
It measures the wind direction
What does a barometer do
A barometer measures air pressure
What does a rain gauge Measure
Amount of Rainfall
What does a hygrometer measure
It’s measures humidity in the air
Name the eight compass Directions
North
south
north east
south west
east
west
south east
north west
What are the two instruments that are used to measure the wind
Wind sock and A wind Vane
What type of rainfall does Durban have?
It is rainfall all year
Describe the rain the Cape Town
Cape Town has warm dry summers and cold wet winters
What rainfall does Johannesburg cup
Johannesburg has rain in summer
What is climate
Climate is the average weather conditions for a place as observed over the past 20 years
What can weather do
You can change from place to place in a short period of time
What is weather
weather is the condition or state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time
What type of climate does the forest have
Warm and humid and all year
High rainfall
Frost free
What grows in a forest
Moss
Ferns
evergreen trees
Describe the climate in Fynboss areas
Hot dry summers
Cold wet winters
What grows in Fynbos Areas
Proteas
Daisies
Shrubs with small hard leaves and tough stems to withstand the hot dry summers
Describe the climate in Grasslands
Frost in winter and summer thunderstorms
What grows in grasslands
Woody trees
shortgrass
small flowering plants
umbrella trees
Describe the climate in the Nama Karoo?
Very little summer rain
very hot summers
very cold winters with Frost
What grows in the Nama Karoo ?
Shrubs
grasses
Thorn trees
Describe the climate in the savanna
Summer thunderstorms
cold winters with frost
What Grows in the savanna
Grasses
trees
shrubs
Boabab trees
Describe the climate in the succulent Karoo
Very hot Summers
Very dry summers
Little rain in winter
no frost
Which plants grow in the succulent Karoo
Succulent plants that store water
trees have Whitebark to reflect the heat
aloes
What is the Savannah
A rolling grassland shattered with shrubs and isolated trees which cover more than a third of a SA the Savannah extends from the arid Kalahari in the north through Limpopo and down through through kWaZulu Natal to the Eastern Cape
What happens in the Savannah during the wetsummers
It gets hot and very humid in the afternoon is the rain pours down for hours
Describe at the Savannah looks like
A rolling grassland scattered with shrubs and isolated trees which cover more than a third of SA
If you are going on a game drive in the Kruger national park why wouldn’t it be better to go in the morning rather than the afternoon in summer
In the summer it can rain for hours in the afternoon so I would rather go in the morning
What is the difference between a Grazer and a browser
Grazers are animals whoeat the grass
browsers are animals who eat the leaves of trees
Write down three ways in which the Grasses Of the Savannah specialised for survival
They are too bitter for some animals
They have bulbs
They grow from the bottom up
What is migration
Seasonal movement of animals from one place to another
Why do animals of the savanna raise their young in burrows underground
-To avoid the heat
-So that the Hawks and the Eagles can’t hurt the young
What does does renewable resource mean
Renewable resource is a resource which is replace Naturally and can be used again
e.g. wind
What does nonrenewable resource mean
Can be used up and cannot be replaced
Give two examples of mineral resources
Gold and iron
Name four things gold is used for
Jewellery
dentistry
coins
medals
Name two things the copper is used for
Used for pipes to carry water
used in electrical wiring
Name four things that Platinum is used for
Electric industries
car industries
Jewellery
metal used to make disc Drives for computers
Name two things the diamonds are used for
Cutting machines
jewellery
Name two things that magnesium is used for
To harden steel and make it stronger
to colour glass
Two things chrome is used for
Making other metals
shiny parts of machines
Name four things that iron is used for
Buildings
vehicles
machines
making other metals
Name two things silver is used for
Jewellery
trophies
Which minerals are used to make jewellery
Gold
silver
platinum
diamonds
Which minerals are used to strengthen steel
magnesium
What mineral is used for cutting
Diamonds
What minerals used for electrical wiring
Copper
Name three steps and how coal is formed
- before the dinosaurs many giant plants died in swamps
2.Over millions of years the plants was buried under water and dirt
- Heat and pressure turn the dead plants into Coal
What do we use Coal for
1.Electricity
2.to make petrol and plastics
3.used in manufacturing
Why is Coal not a mineral
Coal is formed from the remains of plants , it is therefore not a mineral
Why is Coal not a Mineral
Coal formed from the remains of plants , it is therefore not a mineral
Is coal a renewable or a nonrenewable resource
NonRenewable
Which minerals of mined in your province
None
Which minerals and mined in the free State
Gold
Which provinces have no minerals
The Western province in the Eastern Cape
Which province has the most coal
Mapumalanga
Where was the first diamond discovered and when
The first diamond was discovered in South Africa on the farm near Kimberley in 1866
Another word for Gauteng is
Egoli
What is another word for Gauteng
Egoli
What does egoli mean
Place of gold
What does egoli mean
Place of gold
What does egoli mean
Place of gold
Name the mineral dug out of Kimberly hole
Diamond
Name three tools early miners used
Dynamite
Drills
Water
Is a diamond a nonrenewable resource or a renewable resource
Say why
Non renewable
When they are used up there is no more
What pollution does mining cause
Air-pollution ( Dust from Drilling and blasting pollutes the air / Digging coal out of the ground releases harmful gases into the air )
Water pollution ( Rainwater passing through mine dumps is polluted by dust and chemicals in the dump. The polluted rain goes into the soil into underground water and into rivers
What does open pit mining create
What happens
Enormous holes in the serface of the earth
Trees bushes and grass are cleared for buildings , roads , and mineworking
mine wasters is dumped where vegetation grew
polluted water flows over the ground some sinks into the ground
plants and animals using this water die
fish die in polluted water
animals have lost their food and their homes on the mine land
Name 4 challenges in mining
High temperature
No fresh air
lots of pressure on tunnel roof
Dust in air
What can High temperature in the mines do to you and how do you solve that
It can give you heatstroke
You can get a very good cooling system or spray water on hot rocks
What can No fresh air in the mines do to you and how do you solve that
You can get a lung disease
You can get very good ventilation in
What can Lots of pressure tunnel roof in the mines do to you and how do you solve that
Rockfalls can happen
You can put strong props in the tunnel and give protective gear to the miners
What can Dust in the air in the mines do to you and how do you solve that
It can give you a lung disease
You can spray water on the rocks
Is coal a mineral
No
