Godspell Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the scoring of Godspell?

A

Cast of 10 singers
Keyboards (using differeent sounds e.g. piano, organ)
Acoustic guitar
Bass guitar
Electric guitar
Drums
Percussion
Recorder (Jeffrey’ solo!)

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2
Q

At what points int he play are songs generally positioned?

A

When the disciples are committing themselves to Jesus

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3
Q

Why would Schwartz have been influenced by folk rock?

A

His parents were keen on folk music

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4
Q

How do the musicals of Schwartz contrast those of Lloyd Webber?

A

Schwartz composed in more of a folk rock/folk pop/motown style, whilst Lloyd Webber was more influenced by classical music/opera and incorporated more rock n roll elements in his musicals

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5
Q

Why was strong rhythmic impetus important in the styles of music chosen?

A

The conceptualisation of the play called for joyful singing and dancing - musical dance forms were needed to capture this

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6
Q

How did Schwartz prevent his melodies becoming hymn-like and rigid?

A

Due to using lyrics from hymns Schwartz needed to rely on rhythm to give the music a more modern feel

Instead of starting on the first beat of a bar or an anacrusis, the melody starts at a different point in the bar.

Use of syncopation and pulsing rhythmic melodies

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7
Q

What does Schwartz accredit Day By Day’s success to?

A

Its simplicity and repetitiveness

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8
Q

How did the available cast affect Schwartz’s musical choices?

A

Choice of musical style: Made Turn Back O’ Man a Mea Westian style number to align with the way the actress Sonia Manzano played her character

Instrumentation: Recorder solo added in All Good Gifts due to cast member Jeffrey Mylett being able to play the recorder

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9
Q

How is musical style used to convey the narrative in the Prologue?

A

Different philosophers are each assigned their own melodies and musical styles to show contrast in their theories.

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10
Q

How does the “Tower of Babble” create a chaotic atmosphere?

A

Use of syncopations, 7th chords and irregular phrases whilst philosophers sing “Babble Babble” all at once.

Intricate counterpoint at the end when all philosophers sing their respective melodic idea over each others.

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11
Q

How is tonality used in the Prologue to convey disagreement and uncertainty?

A

Bitonality - oscillates between F# and E major

Unsure sense of key reflects uncertainty over the beginnings of the universe

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12
Q

Which musical styles are used in the Prologue for each philosopher?

A

Socrates: Recitative over wandering harmonies

Thomas Aquinas: G&S patter song then recitative ‘romantically’ with arpeggiated accompaniment

Martin Luther: Parody of a German-style march - square crotchets and quavers

Leonardo da Vinci & Edward Gibbon: Classical duet marked “a la Mozart” but with chromaticism

Nietzshe: Doubles harmonic rhythm, whole notes, questioning, late classical/early romantic style

Jean-Paul Sartre & Buckminster Fuller (alternating): Sartre has quavers to a march accompaniment whilst Fuller had bluesy triplets

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13
Q

How is the melody in Prepare Ye (The Way of The Lord) developed?

A

Through repetition and gradual addition of accompaniment

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14
Q

How does the melody of Prepare Ye (The Way of The Lord) get its spiritual feel?

A

Phrase 1 starts on mediant and ends on supertonic - which gives it an uncertain tonality as there is no stress on the tonic, especially at the start when it is performed by solo voice with no accompaniment. This gives it a modal feel (C dorian).

This ‘open’ feel is resolved when the melody turns at the end of phrase 2 to land on the tonic, Bb.

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15
Q

How does Save the People retain its upbeat and simplistic sound?

A

Harmonic simplicity: Stays in G major throughout and doesn’t use any extended chords

4/4 time signature and marked “Brightly”

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16
Q

What musical influences does Day By Day have?

A

Inspired by Burt Bacharach e.g. minor 7th chords

Elements of folk rock & mainstream 60s/70s pop e.g. simple, repetitive melody

17
Q

How does Schwartz contrast Day By Day from what has come before?

A

Use of 3/4 metre and triplets

18
Q

Where can minor dominants be found in Day By Day and what effect do these have?

A

“To see thee more clearly, love the more dearly, follow thee more nearly” - two Em-A progressions followed by a Dm-G progression

More plaintive sound/less forthright than V-I progression where there is a strong pull from the leading note to the tonic - aligns with feel of the song as Day By Day is joyful yet thoughtful and wistful, not as upbeat as some of the other numbers

Minor dominant contains flattened 7th - bluesy feel

19
Q

What is the form of Learn Your Lessons Well?

A

Very basic structure

Simple AABA form and 16-bar melody

20
Q

How does Learn Your Lessons Well adopt a ragtime style?

A

Bright tempo

Heavy use of 7th chords and minor 7th chords

Extremely syncopated melody line

Written for solo voice and piano/keyboard

21
Q

Who is O Bless the Lord, My Soul inspired by?

A

America songwriter Laura Nyro, specifically her song “Save the Country”

Liked her rootless chords, which he linked to gospel

22
Q

What harmonic technique does Schwartz use in O Bless the Lord, My Soul?

A

Chords with a non-chord note in the bass, here often the supertonic/note above the root - Schwartz has claimed he finds this sound “thrilling”Whe

23
Q

In which songs does Schwartz briefly change the metre for only 1 bar and why does he not do this more often?

A

Bless The Lord: Shifts from 4/4 to 12/8 on word “rise”

Alas For You: A section is rhythmic irregular (6/8, 5/8, 4/4, 6/4) - influence of Bernstein

Doesn’t do this more often as it would make his music sound too much like ‘art music’ and lose its folk rock/motown/gospel feel

24
Q

Where did Schwartz take the idea for a quodlibet in All For The Best from?

A

Irving Berlin’s “You’re Just In Love” from Call Me Madam

25
Q

How does choice of structure in All For The Best convey meaning?

A

Vaudeville style patter song (a la Gilbert & Sullivan)

Highlights special relationship between Jesus and Judas - at odds philosophically in the lyrics yet still working together performing as a team

Quodlibet (2 melodies overlaid) demonstrates conflicting ideologies

26
Q

What can be said about All For The Best harmonically?

A

Generally very harmonically simple - necessary for the quodlibet to work

Mostly C7, G7, and D7 (secondary dominant)

Harmonic inflections to emphasise certain words e.g. Ab7 on “blessed”

27
Q

How is harmony used in All Good Gifts?

A

Fairly conventional harmonies, w/ use of dominant minor Am which stops the music from being too bright and poppy

“All good gifts around us are sent from heaven above” uses only the tonic chord D and major 7ths which give it a euphoric feeling

To come down from this euphoria Schwartz uses a couple of minor chords in the following phrase “So thank the Lord, oh thank the Lord”

28
Q

What kind of feel does Light of the World have and how does it achieve this?

A

Gospel feel

Use of chords such as Eb7+9

Cast members take turns to sing a full phrase which is then echoed by the full cast

29
Q

What are the characteristics of stride piano?

A

Development of ragtime - still some quaver/dotted semiquaver ragtime rhythms but slower and more bluesy

LH like a whole rhythm section - wide leaps with occasional countermelodies

Bluesy inflections

Tremolos

30
Q

Why was the tonality in Turn Back, O Man chosen?

A

G minor - chosen for actress Sonia Manzano to suit her deep range

Modulates to minor dominant (Dm) for Jesus

31
Q

Where can characteristic features of stride piano be heard in the song Turn Back, O Man?

A

Slow ragtime rhythms in right hand throughout, particularly prominent at the start in the intro before the voice joins in

Tremolo at the end

Adventurous bluesy harmonies

Showy 8ves in piano

Large leaps in LH

32
Q

How does Schwartz characterise Sonia as Mae West in Turn Back, O Man?

A

Vocal quality - husky voice

Witty one liners e.g. “Hiya big boy”, “Can you see from where you’re sittin’?”

33
Q

How do rhythm and harmony work together in Turn Back, O Man?

A

Syncopation and jazzy inflections work together to emphasise certain words e.g. “Turn BACK, o MAN

34
Q

Which chords make Turn Back, O Man harmonically adventurous and how does this link with characterisation?

A

Gdim
Cm6
Ab7
D7sus
Am7-5

ie. Diminished chords, suspensions, 7ths etc.

Mae West went against the grain for a woman of her time, more adventurous and risky harmonies reflect this ‘vulgarity’

35
Q

What is Alas For You inspired by?

A

The music of Bernstein

Changes of metre and speech rhythms are influences of Bernstein

Less dissonant than Bernstein

36
Q

What Motown influences can be heard in We Beseech Thee?

A

Song inspired by “You Can’t Hurry Love” by The Supremes

Strongly accented backbeats (beats 2 and 4)
-> Tambourines (or in this case cymbals) emphasising backbeats

Repetition of a rhythmic hook (same two-bar rhythm repeated through ‘A’ section)

Syncopations

Call and response singing style (a la gospel)

37
Q

How does We Beseech Thee maintain its upbeat feel?

A

Simplicity

4/4 time signature
C major tonality
Marked “Hoedown feel”
Two-bar syncopated rhythm repeated with a different melodic shape throughout A section

38
Q

How does On The Willows achieve a different feel to the rest of the musical?

A

Folky but in a wistful way as opposed to joyful:

Rolling triplet accompaniment

Conjunct legato melody line as opposed to disjunct and angular as in many other numbers