Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Religious Studies Ethics A2 > God and Humanity > Flashcards

God and Humanity Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route B flashcards
1
Q

what are the two types of relationship one can have with God?

A
  • fallen
  • dependent
  • soul-making
  • predestination
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is a dependent relationship with God?

A
  • everyone’s initial and continuing existence depends on the will of God
  • Aquinas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is a fallen relationship with God:

A
  • God’s intentions in his creation of mankind have been thwarted by sinful behavious
  • Augustine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is a soul-making relationship with God?

A

-we are intended to develop from imperfection to perfection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

under-judgement relationship?

A

-whether or not we are saved is a decision made by God, who will judge us when our mortal lives are over

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Aquinas could not accept the infinity of the universe, how did this create his belief about a dependent relationship?

A
  • there had to be a first cause
  • that cause is God who is a necessary being
  • in the language of Aristotle God is the efficient cause
  • so all creation depends on God for its existence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

did Aquinas believe that God sustains the universe or not? and what does that mean for us?

A

-God sustains the universe so our continuing existence depends on Him

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

quotes of a dependent relationship:

A
  • “he holds things in existence” - Aquinas

- “his goodness and power are shown by maintaining spirits and matter in existence”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is an extreme form of a dependent relationship?

A

abandonment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is abandonment?

A

surrendering one’s will entirely to the will of God

-whatever happens is the will of God

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how are we morally dependent on God?

A

because we look to God to tell us what is right from wrong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how else are dependent on the grace of God? (related to Adam and Eve’s sin)

A
  • because of The Fall we have strayed from the will of God and we need Him so we can be redeemed
  • this isn’t possible by individual effort but requires the grace of God
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the three ways humans are dependent on God?

A
  • coming into existence and continuing exictence
  • for moral guidance, to know what is right and wrong
  • to grant them salvation in Heaven
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what feelings might be caused by these beliefs?

A
  • gratitude
  • worship
  • asking/pleading
  • trust
  • giving up responsibility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how can belief in dependency influence a believer’s life?

A
  • relying too much on God to provide
  • belief that God answers prayers leads to strength and determination that a problem will be overcome
  • difficulty and suffering can be defeated by miracles (Roman Catholic) God is not bound by natural laws, which He Himself created
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the fall?

A
  • humans made a moral choice to disobey the will of God
  • as a result the relationship that God intended to have with man was broken
  • ever since humans have lived in hardship and suffering
  • Genesis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the belief that sin has been past down from the first beings down generations?

A

original sin in Christianity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the modern version of explaining original sin?

A
  • that the first moral being came into existence, and the first moral decision was one that we would now call sin
  • such behaviour remained common for the human species
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the scientific view of a dependency belief? and Richard Dawkins quote? however what is it worth noting about scientists and religion?

A
  • that it retards scientific progress, removes the need to look for scientific explanation
  • “I am against religion because it teaches us to be satisfied with the world”
  • Galileo, Einstein, Isaac Newton were not atheists
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is aetiology?

A
  • a story in the past that explains a later situation

- the fall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what were some of the consequences of Eve eating the apple?

A
  • pain during childbirth
  • having to work hard for food
  • snake and man are now enemies
  • snake crawls on its belly
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what does the story of the fall show about free will?

A
  • humans have free will

- Adam and Eve made a choice not determined by God

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are the two reasons why God might have created evil?

A
  • because he is cruel

- to provide genuine choice (free will)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are the explanations for evil?

A
  • created by God
  • it is simply the lack of goodness
  • created by man through disobedience
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

two interpretations of “God created man in his own image”

A
  • understood as either image or likeness
  • image is like a physical resemblance which has the potential to become like God
  • likeness is the ability of man, through the Holy Spirit to develop towards perfection
  • essentially image means human moral freedom
  • likeness means what the human can become
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what are the two ways philosophers see evil and God?

A
  • as part of God’s plan

- or opposite of God’s intention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

positive view of the soul-making theory:

A
  • don’t have to accept Genesis account as literally true

- don’t have to see God as a punisher but as one who wants us to experience to develop and grow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what is predestination?

A

God is omniscient and so knows who will be saved or not

29
Q

difference between predestination and prevision?

A
  • predestination: God is omniscient and so knows who will or won’t be saved, He then uses His omnipotent will to decided each person’s destiny, there’s nothing we can do
  • prevision: God in his omniscience knows what the the outcome will be, but this is the result of individual choices, He doesn’t determine the outcome and doesn’t intervene to change it
30
Q

how can the predestination argument be invalidated?

A
  • by saying that God is outside time, eternal

- concepts of future and destiny are meaningless

31
Q

what is double predestination?

A

the concept that some are destined for Heaven and others for hell

32
Q

what is the word for someone who is saved?

A

one of the elect

33
Q

quote from Augustine about predestination:

A

“God alone determines the lives of men”

34
Q

quote from Bible about predestination:

A

“being predestined according to the purposes of Him who worketh all things”

35
Q

what were Augustine’s views that became Catholic teaching (not modern) about predestination?

A
  • being Holy is the result of being elect, not our behavioural choices
  • we cannot be saved through our own efforts or by divine grace
36
Q

Aquinas beliefs on predestination:

A

positive behaviour was the effect, not cause, of predestination

37
Q

what is the protestant work ethic?

A

working hard was seen as evidence for being elect

38
Q

what is the belief about the Last Judgement?

A
  • will follow the last book of the Bible Revelation
  • there will be a long worldwide war where good will fight against evil
  • evil will be mastered by Satan who will have the upperhand for a while
  • however the power of God will win and all who have ever lived will be resurrected and allocated to either Heaven or Hell
39
Q

what is the metaphorical view of the Last Judgement?

A
  • not a future event but a representation of how our lives are now
  • we are always facing moral choices
40
Q

how will people act if they believe they will be judged?

A
  • do good deeds
  • make morally correct choices
  • feel confident in the justice of God-story of the thief on the cross, proclaiming that Jesus should save them
  • if they believe they are ‘elect’ a snobbish attitude
41
Q

conflicts between the God of predestination and other Christian teachings:

A

can God be omnibenevolent yet still condemn people to eternal suffering

42
Q

what are Christian beliefs essentially?

A

a story of God and humanity

43
Q

creation in Genesis 1:

A
  • in the beginning nothingness, dark chaos, only God
  • 6th day humans “in the image/likeness of God”
  • 7th day, day of rest, God proclaims it “very good”
44
Q

creation in Genesis 2:

A

-in the beginning the earth is a desert with no plants or animals, then God sets to work
-man was created from dust and God breaths to give them life
-a garden planted in Eden
-tree of the knowledge of good and evil
-free will
-

45
Q

what is sin?

A
  • disorder and distortion of true humanity
  • alienation from God
  • present in action and way of life
46
Q

what is salvation?

A
  • full actualisation of human potential

- is the gift of God

47
Q

how is communion with God made possible

A
  • through justification through Jesus Christ

- through sanctification-the presence of God’s spirit within us

48
Q

what is communion with God?

A

it’s God’s conversation and presentation of Himself to us and our response,

49
Q

meaning of monism:

A
  • reality is a unified whole

- no distinction between mind and matter or God and the world

50
Q

meaning of dualism:

A

two different entities

51
Q

what are the 3 views of salvation?

A
  • universalism: all will be saved, even unbelievers
  • only believers will be saved; Augustine’s view
  • only the elect will be saved: God must chose/predestine people
52
Q

what is atonement?

A

it is the reconciliation of God and humanity

53
Q

what are the 3 interpretations of the atonement?

A
  • through Jesus’ sacrifice he defeats the powers of evil and frees humanity
  • when we sin like a peasant may sin, whereby God is ‘lord of the manor’, it disappoints him and we must suffer, it is contradicting however as Jesus is sent as God to be crucified and pay for that sin
  • Christ shows us God’s love so that we can’t help but make positive moral change
54
Q

God and humanity in Hinduism:

A
  • humans do ‘business’ with gods through hymns and sacrifices to get worldly rewards
  • Rig Veda hymn, humans are born from the sacrifice of the Man, humans correlate with each body part, also correlate with the 3 lokas, head-heaven, body-atmosphere, feet-terrestrial loka
  • God in Puranas seen as redeemer and giver of moksha
  • through the many avatars humans can relate to God in many different ways, student-teacher, mother-child, lovers, friends, servant-master
55
Q

what are the variable relationships between God and humanity?

A
  • monist, theory that there is one thing in existence
  • qualified non-dualism, the one thing in existence is God
  • dualist
56
Q

what are the two understandings of God?

A
  • transcendent

- immanent

57
Q

what are the 3 different ways the Fall can be interpreted?

A
  • historical, disastrous
  • descriptive, metaphorical, existential
  • ‘a fall upwards’, a necessary stage in evolution
58
Q

Augustine’s views on the Fall and sin:

A
  • humanity is universally affected by The Fall
  • free will is limited by it, grace is needed to restore free will
  • we are totally dependent on God to save us
59
Q

Pelagius views on the Fall and sin:

A
  • sin is free and wilful
  • free will is unaffected
  • if God intervened that would go against His integrity
60
Q

what was Aquinas’ view on the Fall?

A
  • we are born with guilt of original sin
  • by good deeds we can achieve justification
  • justification means the removal of sins
61
Q

the Fall and feminism:

A
  • the views of sin being pride and disobedience are very male
  • every woman as Eve-weak, temptress
62
Q

dependent relationship with God in Hinduism:

A
  • bhakti marga
  • only God’s grace can save you
  • you will be stuck in samsara forever
  • dependent for liberation
63
Q

dependent relationship with God in Christianity:

A
  • only Jesus can save from sin
  • atonement
  • humans are held captive by sin and evil and only Jesus can save us
64
Q

fallen relationship with God:

A

The Fall was…

  • historical and causative: caused sin to enter the world, eternal punishment from God - we are a slave to God
  • descriptive, metaphorical: less disastrous
  • a fall upwards, necessary stage in evolution: we suffer more but we have more moral awareness
65
Q

predestined relationship with God in Hinduism:

A
  • karma, your character in this life is predestined by you karma in your past life
  • we can only attain moksha when God chooses (one school of thought)
66
Q

servant relationship with God:

A
  • God is omnipotent
  • God as master used as a form of social control in the Middle Ages
  • creation: we are stewards, have to live with consequences of the Fall, made our free will limited
  • because of the cross we have a new life in Christ
67
Q

soul making relationship with God:

A
  • suffering and evil in the world allows humanity to develop as humans made in the image of God but with free will
  • Augustine argued evil is necessary for free will, is a lack of good, not caused by God
68
Q

under judgement relationship with God:

A
  • different views on judgement day:
  • only the chosen few are saved, apathy on God’s part?
  • only those who believe will be saved
  • judged by deeds
  • everyone will be saved due to Christ’s sacrifice on the cross
69
Q

conditioned and unconditioned reality:

A
  • conditioned is what we live in now, illusion

- unconditioned is liberation, realisation

Religious Studies Ethics A2 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions