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Glycolysis > Glys > Flashcards

Glys Flashcards

1
Q
  1. (d) Anaerobic respiration (absence of oxygen) takes place in
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2
Q

anaerobic bacteria and in plant seeds. Anaerobic respiration

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3
Q

occurs in the organism which can live without oxygen. In this

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4
Q

respiration

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only glycolysis takes place due to the absence of

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5
Q

oxygen.

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6
Q
  1. (b) ATP is utilised at two steps: first in the conversion
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7
Q

of glucose into glucose 6-phosphate and second in

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8
Q

the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1

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9
Q

6-bisphosphate.

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10
Q
  1. (d) Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and is
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11
Q

present in all living organisms. In this process

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glucose

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12
Q

undergoes partial oxidation to form two molecules of pyruvic

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13
Q

During this process

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total 4 ATPs are formed

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14
Q

2 ATPs are consumed. 2 ATPs are formed during the conversion

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15
Q

of 1

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3 bisphosphoglyceric acid to 3 phosphoglyceric acid

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16
Q

catalyzed by the enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase and the

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17
Q

other 2 ATPs are formed by the conversion of phosphoenol

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18
Q

pyruvic acid to pyruvic acid by the enzyme pyruvate kinase.

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19
Q

Therefore

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there will be a net gain of 2 ATPs.

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20
Q
  1. (a) Fermentation refers to the incomplete oxidation of glucose
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21
Q

is achieved under anaerobic conditions by sets of reactions

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22
Q

where pyruvic acid is converted to CO

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and ethanol. In lactic

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23
Q

acid fermentation

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less than seven per cent of the energy in

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24
Q

glucose is released and not all of it is trapped as high energy

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25
Q

bonds of ATP.

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26
Q
  1. (b) Hexokinase catalyse the conversion of glucose to
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27
Q

glucose-6 phosphate. It is the first step of activation phase

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28
Q

of glycolysis.

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29
Q
  1. (a) The end product of lactate fermentation is lactic acid only.
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30
Q
  1. (a) Fermentation involves incomplete breakdown of glucose
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31
Q

(oxidation) under anaerobic conditions by sets of reactions.

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32
Q
  1. (b) Fermentation involves incomplete breakdown of glucose
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33
Q

(oxidation) under anaerobic conditions by sets of reactions.

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34
Q
  1. (a) Glycolysis
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Kreb’s cycle and ETC are meant for ATP

35
Q

synthesis in different steps.

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36
Q
  1. (b) NAD (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) serves as an
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37
Q

electron acceptor in glycolysis. It accepts its electrons with

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38
Q

a proton to convert into NADH.

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39
Q
  1. (a) During fermentation
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the yeast is allowed to leaven

40
Q

the dough and make it soft & spongy. In a hot atmosphere

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41
Q

(30-40°C)

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alcoholic fermentation by yeast convert

42
Q

carbohydrates to CO

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causing gas bubbles to form & has a

43
Q

leaving effect on dough

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44
Q
  1. (a) In alcohol fermentation
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acetaldehyde

45
Q

acceptor

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reacts with NADH to form ethanol.

46
Q
  1. (c) Anaerobic respiration makes a total of 2 ATP by glycolysis
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47
Q

only. Whereas

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aerobic respiration is much more efficient &

48
Q

can produce up to 38 ATP with a single molecule of glucose.

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49
Q
  1. (d) At the end of fermentation reaction
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carbon dioxide

50
Q

and ethanol are produced. Yeast is used to ferment the

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51
Q

carbohydrates such as starch in beverage industries to

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52
Q

produce alcohol.

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53
Q
  1. (d) Anaerobic respiration is the breakdown of glucose in the
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54
Q

absence of oxygen. It this

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carbohydrates are broken down

55
Q

into alcohols & carbon dioxide by the yeast.

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56
Q
  1. (c) Glycolysis or EMP pathway is the breakdown of glucose
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57
Q

into two molecules of pyruvic acid through a series of

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58
Q

enzyme mediated reaction releasing energy. Pyruvic acid is

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59
Q

a 3-carbon compound

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60
Q
  1. (a) Ethanol and carbon dioxide are produced by the
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61
Q

fermentation of one molecule of glucose under anaerobic

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62
Q

conditions.

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63
Q
  1. (c) Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose
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64
Q

into pyruvate under anaerobic conditions. It is the first stage

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65
Q

in cellular respiration and occurs with variations in almost

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66
Q

all organisms

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both aerobic & anaerobic.

67
Q
  1. (d) Glyoxylate cycle is a variation of tricarboxylic acid cycle
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68
Q

occuring in plants

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bacteria

69
Q

acetyl - CoA to succinate for the synthesis of carbohydrates.

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70
Q
  1. (b) 2 molecules of pyruvic acid are formed from one molecule
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71
Q

of glucose at the end of glycolysis.

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Glycolysis (1 decks)

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