Glycosaminoglycans Flashcards
Name 2 glycosaminoglycans
Heparin & Heparan Sulfate
Preoteoglycans
Glycosaminoglycans are what
linear polymers of repeating disaccharide units
One monomer is either what in glycosaminoglycans
N-acetyl-glucosamine
N-acetyl-galactosamine
Negatively charged
Uronic acids (C6 Oxidation) Sulfate esters
Extended hydrated molecule does what
Minimizes charge repulsion
Glycosaminoglycans form what
meshwork with fibrous proteins to form extracellular matrix
Extracellular matrix can be found where
Connective tissue
Lubrication of joints
Hyaluronate can be found where
synovial fluid of joints, vitreous humor, cartilage, tendons
Chondroitin 4 sulfate can be found where
cartilage, tendons
keratan sulfate can be found where
cartilage, horn , hoof, nails and hair
Heparin does what
prevents blood clotting
Heparin is what polymer
linear
Heparan sulfate is what
similar to heparin but attached to proteins
How does heparin prevent blood clotting
activating protease inhibitor antithrombin
Heparin binds to various cells and regulates what
development and formation of blood vessels
Heparan sulfate acts as what
an attachment factor for viruses and bacteria, helping them aggregate tat the surface of cells and find their receptor for infection
Plants synthesise what
pectins not glycosaminoglycans
Pectins are what type of polysaccharides
hetero
Pectins have a core of what
alpha C1 to C4 linked galactruronate residues interspersed with rhamnose
