Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis & the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Question 1

Roles of glucose

Answer 1

1. energy generation of ATP via glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof Pathway)
2. precursor for synthesis of amino acids, nucleotides, coenzymes, fatty acids

Question 2

T/F: glucose is an energy rich fuel

Answer 2

True

Question 3

T/F: glucose is a potent osmolyte; stored under polymeric forms (starch/glycogen)

Answer 3

True

Question 4

which storage system is high energy and the main energy reserve long-term?

Answer 4

triglyceride

Question 5

which storage system is enough for 1-2 days?

Answer 5

glucose and its polymers (glycogen, starch)

Question 6

which storage system is very dynamic?

Answer 6

ATP, phosphocreatine (muscles) & other energy rich phosphosphate esters, Acetyl-CoA

Question 7

What happens in Glycolysis?

Answer 7

One molecule of glucose is cleaved/split into two molecules of pyruvate, harvesting some energy as ATP and NADH

Question 8

Preparatory phase

Answer 8

glucose is activated while consuming energy

Question 9

Payoff phase (come back!!!!!)

Answer 9

glucose is cleaved while taking

Question 10

Phosphorylation of glucose and its conversion to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate occurs in preparatory phase or payoff phase?

Answer 10

preparatory phase

Question 11

1st step of glycolysis

Answer 11

Hexokinase phosphorylates glucose to produce glucose 6-phosphate

Question 12

2nd step of glycolysis

Answer 12

Phosphohexose converts glucose 6-phosphate to fructose 6-phosphate

Question 13

3rd step of glycolysis

Answer 13

PFK-1 phosphorylates fructose 6-phosphate and the 2nd ATP produces fructose 1,6 - bisphosphate

Question 14

4th step of glycolysis

Answer 14

Aldose cleaves fructose 1,6 - bisphosphate into dihydroxyacetone-phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

Question 15

5th step of glycolysis (???)

Answer 15

Triose phosphate isomerase

Question 16

Oxidative conversion of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to pyruvate and coupled formation of ATP and NADH occurs in preparatory phase or payoff phase?

Answer 16

payoff phase

Question 17

6th step of glycolysis

Answer 17

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase oxides Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate causing it to give off high energy for NAD+ producing NADH. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate gets phosphorylated by the addition of a 2nd phosphate group producing 1,3- bisphosphoglycerate

Question 18

7th step of glycolysis

Answer 18

phosphoglycerate kinase catalyze the rxn of 1,3- bisphosphoglycerate
transfering phosphate to ADP, forming one ATP and 3-phosphoglycerate