Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis Flashcards
What is the first step in glycolysis, and what enzyme is involved?
What is the net energy yield of ATP from glycolysis per molecule of glucose?
What is the purpose of the phosphorylation of glucose in glycolysis?
How is pyruvate formed in glycolysis, and what is the role of NAD+?
What is the significance of the conversion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-
bisphosphoglycerate in glycolysis?
What is the function of the enzyme enolase in glycolysis?
What is the significance of the lactate dehydrogenase reaction in glycolysis?
How is glycolysis regulated, and what are the key regulatory enzymes?
.What is the relationship between glycolysis and other metabolic pathways, such as the citric
acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation?
What are catabolism processes and which processes do they include
Where complex substances are degraded into simpler molecules
- associated with the net release of chemical energy
- includes glycolysis and glycogenolysis
What are anabolism processes and which processes do they include
The synthesis of complex organic molecules
- net input of energy required
- includes gluconeogenolysis and glycogenesis
What enzyme catalyses the breakdown of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate
Hexokinase
What enzyme catalyses the breakdown of glucose-6-phosphate into fructose -6-phosphate
Glucose -6- phosphate isomerase
What enzyme catalyses the breakdown of fructose -6-phosphate into fructose-1,6biphosphate
Phosphofructokinase
What enzyme catalyses the breakdown of fructose-1,6biphosphate into either glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate or dihydroxyacetone phosphate
What enzyme catalyses the breakdown of dihydroxyacetone phosphate into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
Triose phosphate
What enzyme catalyses the breakdown of glyceraldehyde -3-phosphate into 1,3bisphosphoglycerate
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
dehydrogenase (GAPDH)
What enzyme catalyses the breakdown of 1,3bisphosphoglycerate into 3-phosphoglycerate
Phosphoglycerate kinase
What enzyme catalyses the breakdown of 3-phosphoglycerate into 2-phosphoglycerate
Phosphoglycerate mustase
What enzyme catalyses the breakdown of-2-phosphoglycerate into Phosphoenolpyruvate
Enolase
What enzyme catalyses the breakdown of Phosphoenolpyruvate into pyrurate
Pyruvate kinase
