Glycolysis

Question 1

What is glycolysis, what is it’s net reaction, where does it occur?

Answer 1

• is a metabolic pathway which breaks down glucose into two three-carbon compounds (2 pyruvates) and generates energy.
• The net reaction for glycolysis: Glucose + 2NAD+ + 2Pi + 2ADP → 2 pyruvate + 2ATP + 2NADH + 2H2O

• -occurs in cytoplasm*
• -can be an aerobic or anaerobic reaction*

Question 2

• In the presence of oxygen, pyruvate is further _____________ to CO2
• the absence of oxygen, pyruvate can be __________ to lactate or ethanol

Answer 2

• oxidized
• fermented

Question 3

The following compounds inhibit glycolysis:

Answer 3

glucagon, high ATP/low ADP

Question 4

Molecular formula for glucose

Answer 4

C₆H₁₂O₆

Question 5

glucose—-(enzyme)—–>product?

Answer 5

glucose—-(hexokinase/glucokinase)—–>G-6-P

The first phase of glycolysis requires energy (ATP in & ADP out)

irreversible

Question 6

G-6-P—–(enzyme)—>product?

Answer 6

G-6-P—–(phosphoglucose isomerase)—>F-6-P

Question 7

F-6-P—(enzyme?)—-product?

Answer 7

F-6-P—————-(PFK1)———->Fructose-1,6 Bisphosphate

• (ATP in & ADP out)*
• irreversible*

Question 8

Fructose-1,6 bisphosphate—-(enzyme?)—–product?

Answer 8

Fructose-1,6 bisphosphate—-(Aldoses)—–dihydroxyacetone phosphate & glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

(triphosphate isomerase) between both products

Question 9

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate—-(ENZYME?)—–product?

Answer 9

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate—-(glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase)—-(1,3-bisphosphoglycerate)

(NAD+ Pi in & 2NADH out)

Question 10

1,3-bisphosphoglycerate—–(enzyme)—-product?

Answer 10

1,3-bisphosphoglycerate—–(phsophoglycerate kinase)—

————3-phosphoglycerate

(ADP in & ATP out)

Question 11

3-phosphoglycerate—-(E)—-P?

Answer 11

3-phosphoglycerate–-(phosphoglycerate mutase)——–

—–2-phosphoglycerate

Question 12

2-phosphoglycerate—-(E)—(P)

Answer 12

2-phosphoglycerate—-(Enolase)——(phosphoenolpyruvate “PEP”)

(produces H2O)

Question 13

phosphoenolpyruvate—(E)—-(P)?

Answer 13

PEP—–(pyruvate kinase)——pyruvate

• (ADP in & ATP out)*
• irreversible*

Question 14

Products for glycolysis

Answer 14

2 pyruvates, 2 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 H2O