Glycolysis Flashcards
What is the first step of glycolysis?
Glucose is phosphorylated to form glucose-6-phosphate.
True or False: Glycolysis occurs in the mitochondria of the cell.
False: Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm.
Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate?
Hexokinase.
Fill in the blank: The conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate is catalyzed by __________.
Phosphoglucose isomerase.
What is the role of phosphofructokinase in glycolysis?
It phosphorylates fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate.
Which step of glycolysis is considered the ‘committed step’?
The conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate.
How many ATP molecules are consumed in the energy investment phase of glycolysis?
2 ATP molecules.
What are the two three-carbon molecules produced after the cleavage of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate?
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P).
True or False: Dihydroxyacetone phosphate can be converted into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.
True.
What is the net gain of ATP from one molecule of glucose during glycolysis?
2 ATP molecules.
Which enzyme converts glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate?
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
Fill in the blank: The conversion of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate produces __________.
ATP.
What is produced during the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to pyruvate?
ATP.
Which enzyme catalyzes the final step of glycolysis?
Pyruvate kinase.
What are the end products of glycolysis from one glucose molecule?
2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, and 2 NADH.
True or False: Glycolysis is an anaerobic process.
True.
Fill in the blank: The enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate is __________.
Phosphoglycerate mutase.
What is the energy yield of glycolysis in terms of NADH?
2 NADH molecules.
Which intermediate is formed from the rearrangement of 2-phosphoglycerate?
Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP).
What regulates the enzyme phosphofructokinase?
ATP and citrate inhibit it; AMP and fructose-2,6-bisphosphate activate it.
True or False: Glycolysis can occur without oxygen.
True.
What is the fate of pyruvate in the absence of oxygen?
It is converted to lactate or ethanol.
Fill in the blank: The conversion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate involves the reduction of __________.
NAD+ to NADH.
How many total reactions are there in glycolysis?
10 reactions.
