Glycolysis

Question 1

Stage 1 has which 3 steps within it?

general purpose of this phase?

Answer 1

1. phosphorylation, traps GLU inside
2. isomerization of GLU (loses a carbon) –> Fructose
3. phosphorylation of fructose

Trapping & prep phase, ATP used not made

enzyme KINASE = phosphorylation (require ATP and release ADP + H

Question 2

Stage 2 has which steps within it?

Answer 2

1. cleavage of F1,6-BP to form 3-carbon GAP & DHAP
2. oxidation/reduction rxn by dehydrogenase
   a) oxidization
   b) dehydration
   3.

Question 3

step 1

Answer 3

Question 4

Step 2

Answer 4

Question 5

Step 3

Answer 5

Question 6

Step 4

Answer 6

Question 7

Step 5

Answer 7

Question 8

Step 6

Answer 8

Question 9

Step 7

Answer 9

Question 10

Step 8

Answer 10

Question 11

step 9

Answer 11

Question 12

step 10

Answer 12

Question 13

Overall

Answer 13

Question 14

Hexokinase

Answer 14

kinase enzyme
transfers phosphoryl group from ATP onto carbon #6 of glucose
glucose –> glucose-6-phosphate

Question 15

Phosphoglucose Isomerase

Answer 15

Isomerase Enzyme
rearrangement of atoms within molecule, convert aldose –> ketose
Glucose-6-phosphate –> fructose-6-phosphate

Question 16

Phosphofructoskinase

Answer 16

Kinase enzyme
transfers phosphoryl group from ATP onto carbon #1 of fructose
fructose-6-phosphate –> fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

(BIS)phosphate = 2 seperate monomers of phosphate that arn’t connected by an anhydride.

Question 17

Aldolase

Answer 17

cleavage enzyme (aldhyde + Ketone)
Fructos-1,6-bisphosphate –> Dihydroxyacteone phosphate (DHAP) + glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GAP)