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Cell Metabolism > Glycolysis > Flashcards

Glycolysis Flashcards

1
Q

Glucose (6 carbon) ->

A

x2 Pyruvate (3 Carbon)

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2
Q

Glycolysis produces..

A

2 NET (2 ATP is used initially) ATP, 2 NADH and 2 Pyruvate

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3
Q

Within the ten reactions that make up the glycolysis pathway, there are two main concepts:

A
  1. Formation of a High Energy Compound
  2. Splitting of a High Energy Compound

Step (i) involves the investment of energy in the form of ATP.

Step (ii) produces useful energy in the form of ATP generation.

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4
Q

What is the 1st reaction of glycolysis?

A

Glucose to Glucose-6-phosphate

(Requires 1 ATP –> ADP)

Reaction type: Group transfer (Phosphorylation)

Enzyme: Hexokinase

Purpose: Trap glucose in the cell by adding the phosphate (negative charge)

This reaction is essentially irreversible and commits the cell to the subsequent reactions.

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5
Q

What is the 2nd reaction of glycolysis?

A

Glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate

Reaction type: Isomerization

Enzyme: Phosphohexose isomerase

Purpose: So fructose can be split into equal halves when subsequently cleaved.

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6
Q

What is the 3rd reaction of glycolysis?

A

Fructose-6-phosphate to Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

(Requires 1 ATP –> ADP)

Enzyme category: Phospho-fructokinase

Biochemical process: GROUP TRANSFER
(Phosphorylation)

Regulation of phosphofructokinase is a key control step for the entry of sugars into the glycolysis pathway.

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7
Q

What is the 4th reaction of glycolysis?

A

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to glyceraldhyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP)

Enzyme: Aldolase

Biochemical process: Lysis

Purpose: Split fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into two high energy products

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8
Q

What is the 5th reaction of glycolysis?

A

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

Enzyme: Triose phosphate isomerase

Biochemical process: Isomerisation

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9
Q

What is the 6th reaction of glycolysis? (second half)

A

(x2) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate

NAD+ + Pi –> NADH

Enzyme:

Biochemical process: REDOX and GROUP TRANSFER

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10
Q

What is the 7th reaction of glycolysis?

A

1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate to 3-Phosphoglycerate

ADP –> ATP

Enzyme: phosphoglycerate
kinase

Biochemical process: Group transfer

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11
Q

What is the 8th reaction of glycolysis?

A

3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate

Enzyme: phosphoglycerate mutase

Biochemical process: Isomerisation

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12
Q

The 9th reaction of glycolysis is?

A

2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate + h20

Biochemical process: Group removal

Enzyme: enolase

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13
Q

The 10th reaction of glycolysis is?

A

phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate

ADP –> ATP

Enzyme: pyruvate kinase

Biochemical process: Group transfer

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Cell Metabolism (2 decks)

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