Gluteal Region Flashcards
What is the proximal attachment of the gluteus maximus?
Illium, posterior gluteal line, dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament
What is the distal attachment of the gluteus maximus?
Illiotibial tract, which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia
What nerve innervates the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve (L5,S1,S2)
What is the main action of the gluteus maximus?
- Extends thigh
- Assists in lateral rotation
- Steadies thigh and assists in rising from a sitting position
What is the proximal attachment of the gluteus medius?
External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
What is the distal attachment of the gluteus medius?
Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
What nerve innervates the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and the tensor fasciae lata
Superior gluteal nerve (L5, S1)
What is the main action of the gluteus medius, gluteus minius, and tensor fasciae lata?
- Abduct and medially rotate thigh
- Keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing and advance opposite (unsupported) side during its swing phase
What is the proximal attachment of the gluteus minimus?
External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
What is the distal attachment of the gluteus minimus?
Greater trochanter of femur
What is the proximal attachment of the piriformis muscle?
Sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament
What is the distal attachment of the piriformis muscle?
Superior border of greater trochanter of femur
What nerve innervates the piriformis?
Branches of anterior rami of S1, S2
What is the main action of the piriformis, obturator internus, and superior and inferior gemelli?
- Laterally rotate extended thigh
- Abduct flexed thigh
- Steady femoral head in acetabulum
What is the proximal attachment of the obturator internus?
Obturator membrane and surrounding bones
