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CPM II Test 2 > gluteal region > Flashcards

gluteal region Flashcards

1
Q

What is the surface anatomy of the gluteal region?

A

superiorly - iliac crest (@L4)
medially - intergluteal cleft
laterally - greater trochanter
inferiorly - gluteal fold

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2
Q

what is deep to a visible dimple and what is the dimple call?

A

posterior superior iliac spine at S2

dimple is called venusian dimple

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3
Q

what bears weight while sitting?

A

ischial tuberosity

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4
Q

what provides the passageway for nv structures and m. born in the pelvis to exit and enter into the gluteal region, perineum and lower extremity?

A

sacotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments

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5
Q

what are the cutaneous nn. of the gluteal region?

A

superior clunial nn, middle clunial nn., inferior clunial nn.

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6
Q

what does the superior clunial nn. supply and what are the spinal segments?

A

superior skin of the buttocks

dorsal rami of L1-L3

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7
Q

what does the middle clunial nn. supply and what are the spinal segments?

A

medial skin of the buttocks over the sacrum

dorsal rami S1-S3

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8
Q

what does the inferior clunial nn. supply and what are the spinal segments?

A

inferior skin of the buttocks
ventral rami of S1-S3
branches of posterior femoral cutaneous n.

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9
Q

gluteus maximus m. insertion

A

iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity (posterior femur)

also largest and one of the strongest mm in body

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10
Q

gluteus maximus m. innervation

A

inferior gluteal n. L5, S1, S2

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11
Q

gluteus maximus m. action

A

primary extensor and lateral rotator of thigh

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12
Q

gluteus medius m. insertion

A

greater trochanter

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13
Q

gluteus medius m. innervation

A

superior gluteal n. L4, L5, S1

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14
Q

gluteus medius m. action

A

abduction and medial rotation of thigh

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15
Q

gluteus minimus m. insertion

A

greater trochanter

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16
Q

gluteus minimus m. innervation

A

superior gluteal n. L4, L5, S1

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17
Q

gluteus minimus m. action

A

abduction and medial rotation of thigh

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18
Q

what nerve is damaged when there is a positive trendelenburg’s sign?

A

superior gluteal n. L4,L5,S1

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19
Q

what is trendelenburg’s sign?

A

when the you lose the action of the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus due to superior gluteal n. lesion or entrapment. pelvis tilts downward when leg is raised off the floor

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20
Q

tensor fasciae latae m. insertion

A

iliotibial tract (which attaches to the lateral condyle of the tibia)

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21
Q

tensor fasciae latae m. innervation

A

superior gluteal n. L4,L5,S1

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22
Q

tensor fasciae latae m. action

A

abduction and medial rotation of the thigh

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23
Q

what structure is used as a landmark to name nv in the gluteal region?

A

piriformis m.

24
Q

the piriformis m. leaves the pelvic region via what?

A

greater sciatic foramen

25
Q

piriformis m. insertion

A

greater trochanter

26
Q

piriformis m. innervation

A

S1, S2

27
Q

piriformis m. action

A

lateral rotation and abduction of the thigh

28
Q

what is above the piriformis m.?

A

superior gluteal vessels and n

29
Q

what is below the piriformis m?

A

inferior gluteal vessels and n, sciatic n, posterior femoral cutaneous n, pudendal n, internal pudendal vessels, n to oburator internus.

30
Q

superior gemellus m. innervation

A

n. to obturator internus L5, S1, S2

31
Q

superior gemellus m. action

A

lateral rotation and abduction of the thigh

32
Q

obturator internus m. insertion

A

greater trochanter

33
Q

obturator internus m. innervation

A

n to obturator internus L5, S1, S2

34
Q

obturator internus m. action

A

lateral rotation and abduction of the thigh

35
Q

inferior gemellus m. innervation

A

n. to quadratus femoris L4, L5, S1

36
Q

inferior gemellus m. action

A

lateral rotation and abduction of the thigh

37
Q

what three m. make up the triceps of the hip?

A

superior gemellus, obturator internus, and inferior gemellus m.

38
Q

quadratus femoris m. innervation

A

n. to quadratus femoris L4, L5, S1

39
Q

quadratus femoris m. action

A

lateral rotation of the thigh

40
Q

what courses laterally between the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus mm?

A

superior gluteal n. L4, L5, S1 - innervates both mm and tensor fasciae latae m
enters gluteal region through the greater sciatic foramen superior to the piriformis m.

41
Q

how does the inferior gluteal n. enter the gluteal region?

A

through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to the piriformis m.

42
Q

describe the path of the n. to the obturator internus

A

enters gluteal region through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to the piriformis m. descends posterior to the sacrospinous ligament and re-enters the pelvis via lesser sciatic foramen to supply the obturator internus m.

43
Q

how does the n. to quadratus femoris enter the gluteal region?

A

through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to the piriformis m.

44
Q

what are the spinal segments of the pudendal n.

A

S2, S3, S4

45
Q

what does the pudendal n. innervate?

cutaneous, muscular, both?

A

cutaneous and muscular innervation to the perineum

46
Q

describe the path of the pudendal n.

A

enter gluteal region through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to the piriformis m. descends posterior to the sacrospinous ligament and enters anal triangle via the lesser sciatic foramen. gives off inferior rectal nn then enters the pudendal canal.

47
Q

how does the posterior femoral cutaneous n. enter the gluteal region?

A

through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to the pirifomis m.

48
Q

what does the posterior femoral cutaneous n. give rise to?

A

inferior clunial, perineal, and femoral branches

49
Q

what are the spinal segments for the posterior femoral cutaneous n.?

A

S1, S2, S3

50
Q

what are the spinal segments for the sciatic n.?

A

L4, L5, S1, S2, S3

51
Q

how does the sciatic n enter the gluteal region?

A

through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to the piriformis

52
Q

what are the divisions of the sciatic n. and spinal segments?

A

tibial n. (L4, L5, S1, S2, S3)

Common Fibular n. (L4, L5, S1, S2)

53
Q

describe the path of the superior gluteal a.?

A

courses laterally between the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus mm to supply these two and tensor fasciae latae m.
provides branches to the gluteus maximus
anastomoses with inferior gluteal and medial femoral circumflex aa.

54
Q

what does the the inferior gluteal a. supply?

A

all muscles of the gluteal region

55
Q

describe the path of the inferior gluteal a.

A

anastomoses with femoral circumflex aa and 1st perforating branch of profunda femoris a. contribute to the cruciate anastomoses supplying the proximal thigh

56
Q

what doe the internal pudendal a. supply?

A

no branches in the gluteal region

57
Q

gluteal injections

A

IM - large SA and lots of veins for absorption

upper quadrant, MOST SUPERIOR LATERAL PORTION TO AVOID THE SCIATIC N.

CPM II Test 2 (4 decks)

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