Glucose Regulation

Question 0

Biguanides

Answer 0

Metformin (glucophage) very popular in Hawaii
Action: reduces glucose production by the liver; enhances insulin sensitivity at the tissue level and improves glucose transport into the cells.
1st choice drug for people with type 2 diabetes…

Question 1

OA oral agent- sulfonyulureas

Answer 1

Glipizide, glyburide
Action: increase insulin production from the pancreas.

Side effect: hypoglycemia

Question 2

Thiazolidinediones

Answer 2

Avandia/ actos

They improve insulin sensitivity, transport, and utilization at target tissues.
Will no cause hypoglycemia when used alone
Increases your body’s ability to use the sugar.

Question 3

Fasting plasma glucose

Answer 3

> 126 mg/DL

Question 4

Plasma glucose- DM testing

Glucose tolerance test

Answer 4

> 200 mg two hrs after a 75g oral glucose load as in a glucose tolerance test

Question 5

Glaciated hemoglobin (Hb A1C) > 6.5%

Answer 5

DM testing

Question 6

Micro albuminuria

Answer 6

Micro albuminuria- if there is albumin in urine, it’s a sign that their diabetes is affecting their kidneys.

Question 7

C-reactive protein

Answer 7

Used to fiagnose inflammatory diseases, and active widespread malignancy. Synthesized in liver and is present in large amounts in serum 18-24 hr after onset of tissue damage.

Question 8

Hypoglycemia <70

Answer 8

Diaphoresis, shakiness, confusion, loss of consciousness.