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UE 2.1 Biologie > Glucides,lipides,protides Et AN > Flashcards

Glucides,lipides,protides Et AN Flashcards

Les constituants

1
Q

Composés inorganique

A

Pas de C

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2
Q

Composé organique

A 
C
Glucide
Lipide
Protéine 
AN
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3
Q

Eau

A

2/3 masse corpo
82% dans cerveaux
Role: sudation, transport et structure des cellules

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4
Q

Mineraux

A

Cations +

Anions -

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5
Q

Sodium

A 
Sel de table 
Role homéostasie :équilibre
Cations extracellulaire
Bilan hydrique 
Hypertension ❤
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6
Q

Chlorure

A

2/4 gramme par jours
Anions extracellulaire
Équilibre des charges vis à vis des cations
Bilan hydrique

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7
Q

Potassium

A

2/4g/j
Cations intracellulaire
Homeostasie: contract° + d’hyperkaliémie

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8
Q

Calcium

A

Constituants 🦴
Coagulation
Contraction muscu
📲 neuronale

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9
Q

Phosphore

A

Constituants 🦴
Constituants phospholipidique et AN
Métabolisme
Homéostasie : tampon PH sang1 entre 7.35 et 7.45

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10
Q

Glucides

A

Ose/osides

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11
Q

Ose

A

Pentose: ADN/ARN

Hexose : glucose, fructose, galactose

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12
Q

Holosides

A

Lactose
Saccharose
Pouvoir sucrant
Liaison osidique

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13
Q

Polyosides

A

Amidons
Glycogène
Pas sucre

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14
Q

Heteroside

A

Glycolipide
Glycoprot
Mb
🦄

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15
Q

Lipides

A 
Matières grasses des org vivant
Insoluble dans eau
Densité inférieure à eau
Apolaire ou amphiphile
20% poids du corps 
Énergie
Mb bio
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16
Q

Biochimie

A

Nature des lipides

17
Q

Fonctionnelle

A

Role des lipides

18
Q

Ag mono insaturée

A

1 double liaison

19
Q

Ag poly insaturées

A

Plusieurs double liaison

20
Q

Triglycérides

A

Ester+ag+glycerol

21
Q

Sterides

A 
Cholestérol
Ester cholest + ag
Alimentation ou biosynthèse 
Transporte dans le sang par lipoprot 
Mb= fluidité
22
Q

Proteine

A 
50% masse org
CHON + souffre
Aa
Différents selon la nature de la chaîne latérale
20 AA sont essentiels
23
Q

Structure primaire

A

Séquence en AA

24
Q

Structure 2ndr

A

2 types de repliement : feuillet Beta et hélice Alpha

Formation de liaison h entre Aa

25
Q

Structure tertiaire

A

Activité bio
Faible
Fragile

26
Q

Quaternaire

A

Association de plusieurs protéine
Identique ou différente
Liaison covalente

27
Q

AN

A

Expression et stockage info génétique
ADN: CONSERVE info
ARN: expression gêne et synthèse prot
Formes de nucléotide

28
Q

Nucleosides

A

Base + Sucre

29
Q

Nucléotide

A

Nucleosides + phosphate
3 grps phosphate
Monophosphate : ADN/ARN

30
Q

Polynuclotides

A

2 grps phosphate

Phosphate + 3’OH d’un ribose ou desoxyribose

UE 2.1 Biologie (9 decks)

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