Glossary Terms AFI

Question 1

Agri-food chain

Answer 1

The production and supply of food for the
consumer

Question 2

Agriculture

Answer 2

The cultivation of land to produce food and fibre

Question 3

Fisheries

Answer 3

The cultivation of various aquatic species for commercial or scientific purposes

Question 4

Aquaculture

Answer 4

The production of plants or animals in water

Question 5

Food processing/manufacturing

Answer 5

Turning raw food into different food products

Question 6

Gross domestic product (GDP)

Answer 6

The value of all goods and services produced within a nation in a given year

Question 7

Value adding

Answer 7

The processing of goods to increase their selling price

Question 8

Functional foods

Answer 8

Various definitions exist but, broadly, it is taken to mean foods that surpass the basic nutrients found in foods that have proven health benefits

Question 9

Probiotics

Answer 9

Types of bacteria that are normally found in a healthy human gut, and which are incorporated into foods to provide health benefits

Question 10

Globalisation

Answer 10

The interdependence of people throughout the world; the breaking down of barriers to create a unified global community

Question 11

Free trade agreement

Answer 11

An agreement between countries to trade
without the use of trade barriers such as tariffs, subsidies and embargoes

Question 12

Automation

Answer 12

A method of production that relies on mechanical or electronic technologies as a replacement for human labour

Question 13

Economies of scale

Answer 13

The efficiencies that can be gained from operating on a large rather than small scale; for example, buying products in bulk may be cheaper

Question 14

Sustainability

Answer 14

In an environmental sense, the ability of ecological systems, including agriculture, industry, forestry and fisheries, to
be preserved for future generations

Question 15

FSANZ

Answer 15

An independent statutory agency that works with the government to achieve a safe food supply by developing food standards and codes of practice, and standardising food law

Question 16

CSIRO

Answer 16

A government group that undertakes significant research in several areas, including the food industry

Question 17

Quality Control

Answer 17

Conducting tests to check the standards of raw materials or products before, during or after production

Question 18

HACCP

Answer 18

Systematic method for identifying, monitoring, and controlling hazards

Question 19

Organic Farming

Answer 19

Agricultural production system with limited or no use of synthetic pesticides and fertilisers

Question 20

Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service (AQIS)

Answer 20

A government body whose main role is to protect Australia’s agriculture and environment from exotic pests and diseases

Question 21

Niche Market

Answer 21

A section of a market that is usually quite small and with specific needs

Question 22

Legislation

Answer 22

A law passed by the government that describes what is legal in specific situations

Question 23

Policy

Answer 23

A strategy developed to address a particular area of concern

Question 24

Genetically Modified

Answer 24

Describes a food that contains material derived from an organism that has had its genetic material altered in some way other than by conventional breeding

Question 25

Self-Regulated

Answer 25

A business or group of businesses that establish a
code of practice that controls their operation

Question 26

Product Recall

Answer 26

Request to return to the maker a batch or an entire
production run of a product, usually due to the discovery of safety issues

Question 27

Subsidies

Answer 27

Direct aid given to food producers

Question 28

Tariff

Answer 28

A tax imposed on imported goods

Question 29

Quarantine

Answer 29

Activities directed at preventing, or controlling, the
introduction and spread of quarantine pests and diseases

Question 30

Extortion

Answer 30

Illegal use of force or threats to receive property or money

Question 31

Protocalls

Answer 31

Formal set of rules and descriptions of information

Question 32

Ballast Water

Answer 32

Water that is carried on board a ship to stabilise it. There is concern about marine organisms in the water that could harm the environment when pumped out.

Question 33

Codex Alimentarius

Answer 33

Latin for ‘food code’ or ‘food book’) an
internationally recognised standard that includes codes of practice, guidelines and other recommendations relating to foods, food production and food safety

Question 34

Bait Advertising

Answer 34

Advertising a product at a price to attract a customer while intending to supply a more expensive product instead

Question 35

Referral Selling

Answer 35

Is the practice whereby a consumer is persuaded to buy goods or services on the understanding that they will receive a benefit for referring others to that business or for assisting in the supply of goods or services

Question 36

Audits

Answer 36

A review and examination of records and activities by an independent party to assess whether set procedures have been adhered to

Question 37

Food Safety Program

Answer 37

A written document that identifies all food safety hazards in a food business, the arrangements to control each hazard and the monitoring and supervision of the controls food spoilage food that has deteriorated

Question 38

Environmental Health Officer (EHO)

Answer 38

A person usually employed by local government or state health authority to advise on and enforce public health

Question 39

Microbial