Glossary Terms AFI Flashcards
Agri-food chain
The production and supply of food for the
consumer
Agriculture
The cultivation of land to produce food and fibre
Fisheries
The cultivation of various aquatic species for commercial or scientific purposes
Aquaculture
The production of plants or animals in water
Food processing/manufacturing
Turning raw food into different food products
Gross domestic product (GDP)
The value of all goods and services produced within a nation in a given year
Value adding
The processing of goods to increase their selling price
Functional foods
Various definitions exist but, broadly, it is taken to mean foods that surpass the basic nutrients found in foods that have proven health benefits
Probiotics
Types of bacteria that are normally found in a healthy human gut, and which are incorporated into foods to provide health benefits
Globalisation
The interdependence of people throughout the world; the breaking down of barriers to create a unified global community
Free trade agreement
An agreement between countries to trade
without the use of trade barriers such as tariffs, subsidies and embargoes
Automation
A method of production that relies on mechanical or electronic technologies as a replacement for human labour
Economies of scale
The efficiencies that can be gained from operating on a large rather than small scale; for example, buying products in bulk may be cheaper
Sustainability
In an environmental sense, the ability of ecological systems, including agriculture, industry, forestry and fisheries, to
be preserved for future generations
FSANZ
An independent statutory agency that works with the government to achieve a safe food supply by developing food standards and codes of practice, and standardising food law
CSIRO
A government group that undertakes significant research in several areas, including the food industry
Quality Control
Conducting tests to check the standards of raw materials or products before, during or after production
HACCP
Systematic method for identifying, monitoring, and controlling hazards
Organic Farming
Agricultural production system with limited or no use of synthetic pesticides and fertilisers
Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service (AQIS)
A government body whose main role is to protect Australia’s agriculture and environment from exotic pests and diseases
Niche Market
A section of a market that is usually quite small and with specific needs
Legislation
A law passed by the government that describes what is legal in specific situations
Policy
A strategy developed to address a particular area of concern
Genetically Modified
Describes a food that contains material derived from an organism that has had its genetic material altered in some way other than by conventional breeding
Self-Regulated
A business or group of businesses that establish a
code of practice that controls their operation
Product Recall
Request to return to the maker a batch or an entire
production run of a product, usually due to the discovery of safety issues
Subsidies
Direct aid given to food producers
Tariff
A tax imposed on imported goods
Quarantine
Activities directed at preventing, or controlling, the
introduction and spread of quarantine pests and diseases
Extortion
Illegal use of force or threats to receive property or money
Protocalls
Formal set of rules and descriptions of information
Ballast Water
Water that is carried on board a ship to stabilise it. There is concern about marine organisms in the water that could harm the environment when pumped out.
Codex Alimentarius
Latin for ‘food code’ or ‘food book’) an
internationally recognised standard that includes codes of practice, guidelines and other recommendations relating to foods, food production and food safety
Bait Advertising
Advertising a product at a price to attract a customer while intending to supply a more expensive product instead
Referral Selling
Is the practice whereby a consumer is persuaded to buy goods or services on the understanding that they will receive a benefit for referring others to that business or for assisting in the supply of goods or services
Audits
A review and examination of records and activities by an independent party to assess whether set procedures have been adhered to
Food Safety Program
A written document that identifies all food safety hazards in a food business, the arrangements to control each hazard and the monitoring and supervision of the controls food spoilage food that has deteriorated
Environmental Health Officer (EHO)
A person usually employed by local government or state health authority to advise on and enforce public health
Microbial
