Glossary Terms Flashcards
Great Man
A nineteenth-century theory that states that history is largely explained by the impact of great men or heroes and their superior intellect and other attributes.
360 evaluation
A process through which feedback from an employee’s subordinates, colleagues and supervisors as well as a self-evaluation by the employee themselves is gathered
Accounts receivable
Money owed to a company by its debtors
acquisitiveness
Excessive interest in acquiring money or material objects
affiliative
The need to form social or emotional bonds with others
allocation
To distribute or to give each person a portion of something.
assets
Property owned by an organization or individual
assumptions
Anything that is accepted as true or certain to happen, without proof
attributes
A quality or feature of something.
attrition
It is not to replace employees when they leave
authoritarian
To act in a dictatorial manner. Enforcing strict obedience.
balance sheet
A statement of assets, liabilities, and capital for an organization at a particular point in time
behavioral theory
Behavioral theory is based on the premise that behaviors are conditioned as a result of experiences with the environment; anyone can be trained to behave in a preferred way.
bias
A prejudice in favor or against one thing, person or group compared to another, usually in a way that is considered unfair or unjust
bottom-up approach
Starts with the employees. They are surveyed as the main users of a system to gather information on how to implement a change
business indicators
Numbers that may indicate a positive or negative trend. Examples include demand for product, profit margin, revenue, professional development levels of workforce, market share, amount of debt, and deals finalized by the sales team.
business units
A logical segment of a business representing a specific business function and which has its own vision, strategy, and direction
capital assets
Capital assets are significant pieces of property such as buildings, cars, investment properties, stocks and bonds
cash disbursements
The money paid out by an organization to settle an obligation
cash receipts
The money received by an organization as payment for a good or service
central-tendency
The tendency for data to move toward the mean value over time. Central tendency is also a measure of a single value that describes how data cluster around a central value. This value can be used to represent a sample.
change management
Includes all of the processes involved to prepare, support, and lead individuals, groups, or organizations in making a change
Channel richness
The ability of the channel to handle multiple cues at the same time, to provide rapid feedback, and to facilitate a more personal conversation
cloud technologies
Any hosted services delivered over the internet. There are three broad groups of services: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS)
commodity
A raw material or primary agricultural product that can be bought or sold. A commodity is a basic good used in commerce that is interchangeable with other basic goods
contingency theory
A contingency is a future event or circumstance that cannot be predicted with absolute certainty.
contract employee
An individual retained by a company for a particular purpose, price, and time period. Since a contract worker is not an employee, the company does not provide traditional employee benefits
costs
Financial measure of the resources used or given up to achieve a stated purpose
culture change
The behavior of humans interacting in a group or organization and the meaning they assign to that behavior. It may include the company vision, values, norms, systems, symbols, language, beliefs, and habits. Culture is ingrained and therefore very difficult to change
currency exchange rate
The value of two currencies in relation to each other. The rate of which usually depends on supply and demand
database management
The system of software that is used to create, retrieve, update, and manage large amounts of data
decentralize operations
The daily operations decision-making responsibility are delated by top managers to middle or lower level managers. Top-level managers can then focus more on strategical planning
depreciation
A reduction in the value of an asset over the passage of time
differentiated
A specialized product that is created to attain a competitive advantage in a specific segment of the market
dividends
A sum of money paid regularly by a company to its shareholders out of its profits
durable goods
Goods not for immediate consumption that are able to be kept for a long period of time
economies of scale
A savings in costs to produce a product due to the ability to produce it in large amounts or numbers
effectively
To do something in a manner to achieve the best possible results.
efficiently
To do something in a way that achieves the maximum level of productivity with a minimum level of wasted expense or effort.
emergent
Change that is not planned. This change comes about in response to a need to change processes
encoding
The process of converting information into a particular form
enterprise resource planning
A suite of software that allows an organization to automate many of the traditional office functions especially technology, services, and human resources
