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CNA > Glossary terms > Flashcards

Glossary terms Flashcards

Glossary terms

1
Q

24- hour urine specimen

A

urine specimen consisting of all urine voided in a 24- hour period.

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2
Q

abdominal thrust

A

A method of attempting to remove an object from the airway of someone who is choking

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3
Q

abuduction

A

moving a body part away from the midline of the body

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4
Q

abrasion

A

moving a body part away from the midline of the body

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5
Q

absorption

A

the transfer of nutrients from the intestines to the cells

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6
Q

abuse

A

purposeful mistreatment that causes physical, mental, or emotional pain or injury to a person

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7
Q

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)

A

the final stage of HIV infection, in which infections, tumors, and central nervous system symptoms appear due to a weakened immune system that is unable to fight infection

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8
Q

active assisted range of motion(AAROM)

A

exercises to put a joint through its full arc of motion that are performed by the affected person with some help from another person

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9
Q

activities of daily living(ADLs)

A

daily personal care tasks, such as bathing skin, nail, and hair care; mouth care; and walking, eating, and drinking, dressing, transferring, and eliminating

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10
Q

acute care

A

24- hour skilled care given in hospitals and ambulatory surgical centers for people who require short-term, immediate care for illnesses and injuries.

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11
Q

acute illness

A

an illness that has rapid onset, usually short-term, and is treated immediately

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12
Q

additive

A

a substance added to another substance that changes in effect

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13
Q

adduction

A

moving a body part toward the midline of the body

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14
Q

adult day services

A

care for people who need some assistance or supervision during certain hours, but who do not live in the facility where care is given

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15
Q

advance directives

A

legal documents that allow people to decide what medical care they wish to have in the event they are unable to make those decisions themselves

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16
Q

affected side

A

term used to refer to the weaker side of the body after a stroke or injury;also called involved side

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17
Q

ageism

A

prejudice toward, stereotyping of, and/ or discrimination against older persons or the elderly

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18
Q

age-related macular degeneration(AMD)

A

a condition in which the macula gradually deteriorates, causing vision loss and problems such as the inability to recognize faces, drive, read, and write

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19
Q

agitated

A

the state of being excited, restless, or troubled

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20
Q

agnostics

A

people who believe that they do not know or cannot know if God exists

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21
Q

AIDS dementia complex

A

a group of symptoms including memory loss, poor coordination, paralysis, and confusion that occurs in the late stages of AIDS due to damage to the cental nervous system

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22
Q

alternative medicine

A

health practices and treatments used instead of conventional methods

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23
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

A

a progressive, incurable disease that cause tangled nerve fibers and protein deposits to form in the brain, which eventually cause dementia

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24
Q

ambulation

A

the act of moving or walking, with or without and assistive device

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25
Q

ambulatory

A

capable of moving or walking

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26
Q

amputation

A

the surgical removal of some or all of a body part

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27
Q

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)

A

a progressive disease that causes muscle atrophy and eventually leads to death; also called Lou Gehrig’s disease

28
Q

anesthesia

A

the use of medication to block pain during surgery and other medical procedures

29
Q

angina

A

chest pain, pressure, or discomfort

30
Q

anorexia

A

an eating disorder in which a person does not eat or exercises excessively to lose weight

31
Q

antimicrobial

A

an agent that destroys, resists, or prevents the development of pathogens

32
Q

anxiety

A

uneasiness, worry, or fear, often about a situation or condition

33
Q

apathy

A

a lack of interest in activities

34
Q

apical pulse

A

the pulse located on the left side of the chest, just below the nipple

35
Q

apnea

A

the absence of breathing

36
Q

arthritis

A

a general term that refers to inflammation of the joints, causing stiffness, pain, and decreased mobility

37
Q

artificial airway

A

any tube inserted into the respiratory tract to maintain or promote breathing

38
Q

aspiration

A

the inhalation of food, drink, or foreign material into the lungs

39
Q

assault

A

a threat to harm a person, resulting in the person feeling fearful that they will be harmed

40
Q

assisted living

A

residences for people who not need 24-hour skilled care, but do require some help with daily care

41
Q

assistive devices

A

special equipment that helps a person who is I’ll or disabled to perform activities of daily living

42
Q

asthma

A

a chronic inflammatory disease that makes it difficult to breath and causes coughing and wheezing

43
Q

atheists

A

people who believe that there is no God

44
Q

atherosclerosis

A

a hardening and narrowing of the blood vessels

45
Q

atrophy

A

the wasting away, decreasing in size, and weakening of muscles from lack of use

46
Q

autoimmune illness

A

an illness in which the body’s immune system attacks normal tissue in the body

47
Q

axillae

A

underarms

48
Q

baseline

A

an initial value that can be compared to future measurements

49
Q

battery

A

the intentional touching of a person without their consent

50
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)

A

a disorder that can occur in men as they age, in which the prostate becomes enlarged and causes problems with urination and/or emptying the bladder

51
Q

benign tumors

A

tumors that are considered noncancerous

52
Q

bias

A

prejudice

53
Q

biodegradable

A

capable of breaking down or being decomposed by bacteria or other living organisms

54
Q

bipolar disorder

A

a type of mental health disorder that cause a person to swing from periods of deep depression to periods of extreme activity

55
Q

bisexual, bi

A

a person whose physical, emotional, and/or romantic attraction maybe for the same gender or a different gender

56
Q

Bloodborne pathagens

A

microorganisms found in human blood that can cause infection and disease in humans

57
Q

bloodborne pathagen standard

A

Federal law that requires that healthcare facilities protect employees from Bloodborne health hazzard

58
Q

Boody mechanics

A

the way the parts of the body work together when a person moves

59
Q

bones

A

rigid connective tissues that make up the skeleton, protect organs, and allow the body to move

60
Q

bony promiences

A

areas of the body where the bones lies close to the skin

61
Q

brachial pulse

A

the pulse located inside the elbow, about 1 to 1/2 inches above the elbow

62
Q

bradypnea

A

slow respirations

63
Q

bronchiectasis

A

a condition in which the bronchial tubes are abnormally enlarged, causing chronic coughing, thick sputum, recurrent pneumonia, and weight loss

64
Q

bronchitis

A

an irritation and inflammation of the lining of the bronchi

65
Q

bulimia

A

an eating disorder in which a person eats large amounts of foods or very fattening foods, and then eliminates the food by vomiting using laxatives, or exercising excessively

66
Q

cancer

A

general term to describe a disease in which abnormal cells grow in an uncontrolled way

CNA (2 decks)

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