Glossary Of Terms Flashcards
0
Q
It is the production of antibody after antigenic exposure or stimulation.
A
Active Immunization
1
Q
It is a situation when the ABO forward typing result does not agree with the result in backward typing.
A
ABO Discrepancy
2
Q
These are chemical substances added to red cells to extend the shelf life up to 42 days.
A
Additive
3
Q
It is a rare condition characterized by absence of antibodies.
A
Agammaglobulinemia
4
Q
Blood Bag Additive
AS-1:
A
Adsol : Fenwal Laboratory
6
Q
It is the removal of a specific antibody from a mixture of antibody using cell of known specificity.
A
Absorption
7
Q
It is the clumping of particulate antigens with the corresponding specific antibody.
A
Agglutination
8
Q
Blood Bag Additive
AS-3:
A
Nutricel : Medsep Corporation
8
Q
Blood Bag Additive
AS-5:
A
Optisol : Terumo Corporation
9
Q
It is also known as secondary immune response and it also refers to the production of antibody after secondary antigenic exposure.
A
Anamnestic Response
10
Q
If the source of antigen is the red cell, clumping is referred to as:
A
Hemagglutination
11
Q
It is an alternative form of a gene occupying a given locus.
A
Allele
12
Q
It occurs before birth.
A
Antenatal
13
Q
It is the process of collecting amniotic fluid.
A
Amniocentesis
14
Q
It is the albuminous fluid contained in amniotic sac that provides nutrients to the developing fetus.
A
Amniotic Fluid
16
Q
It is referred to as the “silent gene” that does not produce a detectable antigen; an example is the O gene.
A
Amorph
16
Q
It is a severe allergic hypersensitivity reaction brought about by antibody against IgA seen among IgA deficient patient exposed to IgA antibody.
A
Anaphylaxis
17
Q
It is also known as immunoglobulin, and it also refers to protein substances that are secreted by plasma cells and are produced in response to antigenic stimulation.
A
Antibody
18
Q
It is the table of phenotyped group “O” cells showing different antigen used to screen and identify immune antibody.
A
Antigram
19
Q
It is a commercially prepared reagent containing antibody with known specificity.
A
Antiserum
20
Q
Antibody against own self antigens.
A
Autoantibody
21
Q
Antibody derived from more than one antibody producing plasma cells.
A
Polyclonal antibody
22
Q
Isoantibodies referred to as anti-A and anti-B.
A
Naturally Occurring Antibody
23
Q
Immune antibody against foreign antigen of the same species.
A
Alloantibody
24
Also known as unexpected antibody, it refers to antibody other than the naturally occurring anti-A and anti-B.
Atypical Antibody
25
It is used to describe antigens controlled by a pair of allelic genes.
Antithetical
26
It describes the relative ability of a substance to illicit immune response.
Antigenic
27
It is also known as Coomb's serum and it also refers to a secondary antibody directed against human IgG or complement.
Antihuman Globulin Reagent (AHG)
28
Targets both human IgG and complement C3.
Polyspecific AHG
29
Used to detect "in vitro" cell sensitization.
Indirect Antiglobulin Test (IAT)
30
It is also known as Coomb's Test, and it also refers to a method that uses antibodies directed against human globulins to aid in the detection of RBCs sensitized by IgG alloantibodies, IgG autoantibodies, and/or complement components.
Antihuman Globulin Test (AGT)
31
Used to detect "in vivo" cell sensitization.
Direct Antiglobulin Test (DAT)
32
Targets either human IgG or complement C3.
Monospecific AHG
33
Removal of platelet.
Plateletpheresis
34
This consists of a single bag or an interconnected multiple bags with tubings used in blood donation.
Blood bag
35
Removal of plasma.
Plasmapheresis
36
Example of a silent gene.
O gene
37
It is a method of blood collection in which whole blood is withdrawn and processed. The machine collects the desired component and the remainder of the blood is returned to the donor.
Apheresis
38
Removal of leukocytes.
Leukapheresis
39
These are biological substances which pose a threat to the health of living organisms, especially humans.
Biohazards
40
It is an antibody with reactivity occurring in two phases.
Biphasic Hemolysin
41
It is the process of antibody removal through the use of patient's own antigen.
Autoabsorption
42
It refers to the strength of antigen-antibody reaction as influenced by characteristic feature of the antigen and antibody.
Avidity
43
It is a dye in anti-B.
Yellow Dye
- Acriflavin
- Tartrazine Yellow
44
It is one of the major divisions in a hospital laboratory that provides safe blood to patients by performing blood screening, grouping and compatibility testing.
Blood Bank
45
They refer to the different cellular and liquid compositions of blood separated by physical means.
Blood Components
46
It is abbreviated as PS-PR (Patient Serum-Patient Red Cell), and it refers to testing the patient's serum for antibody against his own red cells, employed to detect autoantibody.
Autocontrol
47
It is a cryoprotectant used for hematopoietic progenitor cells.
DiMethyl SulfOxide (DMSO)
48
It is a frozen plasma product that contains all clotting factors; usually administered to patients with clotting factor deficiencies other that Hemophilia A, von Willebrand 's disease, and hypofibrinogenemia.
Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP)
49
It is a platelet concentrate containing about 3.0 x 10^11 platelets obtained by apheresis.
Single Platelet Concentrate
50
It is a platelet concentrate containing at least 5.5 x 10^10 platelets obtained manually by centrifugation.
Random Platelet Concentrate
51
They are platelets removed from unrefrigerated fresh whole blood and stored for transfusion.
Platelet Concentrate
52
It is a concentrated coagulated Factor VIII and Factor I (fibrinogen) extracted from fresh frozen plasma.
Cryoprecipitate
53
It is a red cell component prepared by separating the plasma from a whole blood unit resulting to a hematocrit level of approximately 80%.
Packed RBC
54
These are erythrocytes that are treated with cryoprotective agent and subsequently kept in a freezing temperature.
Frozen Red Cell
55
These are erythrocytes that are treated by a solution containing pyruvate, inosine, phosphate, and adenine, which restores 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) and ATP to at least normal levels.
Rejuvenated Red Cell
56
It is the blood component which includes prothrombin complexes, Factor XIII, and Factor VII that is most commonly indicated in trauma, liver disease, and oral anticoagulant toxicity. These offer a rapid and relatively easy method of improving coagulation stability without the risks of FFP transfusion, volume load, or infectious complications.
Factor Concentrate
57
It is a filter device attached to a blood or blood component unit designed to retain unwanted cells, blood clots, or debris.
Blood Filter
58
These are soluble antigens present in fluids that can be used to neutralize their corresponding antibodies. Blood group systems that demonstrate these are ABO, Lewis, and P.
Blood Group Specific Soluble Substances (BGSSs)
59
It is a blood component preparation that usually makes use of the refrigerated centrifuge. It limits the use of blood and its components to longer period up to the expiration date due to a sterile intact blood bag system.
Closed System
61
The test used to determine a blood group system.
Blood Typing
62
It is a system of classifying blood based on the presence or absence of inherited antigenic substances on the red blood cells.
Blood Group System
64
How many blood group systems does the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) currently recognize?
30 blood group systems
65
It is a manual blood component preparation that limits the use of blood and its components with 24 hours after exposure of the blood to the atmosphere.
Open System
66
It is the application of physical means such as refrigerated centrifugation to separate the different cellular and liquid compositions of a whole blood.
Blood Component Preparation
67
It is the determination of serum or plasma antibodies using cell of known antigenic profile.
Backward Typing / Indirect Typing / Serum Typing
68
It is the determination of red cell antigen through the use of antiserum of known specificity. It is also referred to as red cell phenotyping.
Forward Typing / Direct Typing / Cell Typing
69
It is a device used in warming blood stored at refrigerator temperature of 4-6C to body temperature before infusion.
Blood Warmer
70
It is the failure of an individual to express inherited A or B genes because of the lack of H gene. An individual with this phenotype has a potent anti-H in his serum.
Bombay Phenotype
71
Bombay phenotype is designated as:
O^h
72
It is the main soluble protein in the serum of the cattle that is oftentimes used as an enzymatically inert protein or a negative control.
Bovine Serum Albumin
73
It is a condition producing two cell populations in an individual.
Chimerism
74
It is the most preferred method used for crossmatching that includes 3 phases.
Broad Spectrum Compatibility Test
75
The three phases of Broad Spectrum Compatibility Test are:
Immediate Spin
Thermophase
AHG phase
76
It is a rare condition characterized by the difficulty of the phagocytic cells to generate superoxide radicals which is needed in killing ingested pathogens. A person with this suffers from recurrent suppurative bacterial and fungal infections starting in early childhood.
Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD)
77
These are substances present in the plasma involved in the clotting process.
Coagulation Factor
78
Factor 2.
Prothrombin
79
Factor 1.
Fibrinogen
80
Factor 3.
Tissue Factor
81
Factor 4.
Calcium
82
Factor 5.
Proaccelerin
83
Factor 6.
Activated Factor 5
84
Factor 7.
Proconvertin
85
Factor 8.
Antihemophilic Factor A
86
Factor 9.
Christmas Factor
87
Factor 10.
Stuart-Power Factor
88
Factor 11.
Plasma Thromboplastin Antecedent
89
Factor 12.
Hageman Factor
90
Factor 13.
Fibrin-stabilizing Factor
91
It is a sequence of three bases in a DNA strand that provides the genetic code for a specific amino acid.
Codon
92
It is a batch of tests which includes ABO and Rh grouping, screening of serum for alloantibodies, and crossmatching.
Compatibility Test
93
It is serologically inactive when mixed.
Compatible
94
It is a complex of plasma proteins.
Complement
95
It is the transfusion of specific components rather than whole blood to treat a patient.
Component Therapy
96
They are antibody-coated cells used to confirm negative results obtained in direct and indirect antihuman globulin tests.
Coomb's Control / Check Cells
97
They are blood containing stem cells which are taken from the umbilical cord after childbirth.
Cord Cells
98
It is a computed value used to evaluate effectiveness of platelet transfusion.
Corrected Count Increment
99
It is the process of exchange of genetic material between 2 homologous pairs of chromosomes.
Crossing Over
100
It is the testing of patient's blood against donor's blood.
Crossmatch
101
It is a type of crossmatch that involves mixing of patient's serum and donor's red blood cells.
Major Crossmatch (PS-DR)
102
It is a type of crossmatch that involves mixing patient's red blood cells and donor's serum.
Minor Crossmatch (PR-DS)
103
It is a process of mixing the recipient's serum with donor's red blood cells and centrifuging immediately. Absence of hemolysis and agglutination indicates compatibility.
Immediate Crossmatch
104
It is a type and screen coupled with immediate spin.
Abbreviated Crossmatch
105
These are substances that are added to erythrocytes to protect them against the harmful effects of freezing temperature.
Cryoprotective Agent
