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Blood Banking > Glossary Of Terms > Flashcards

Glossary Of Terms Flashcards

0
Q

It is the production of antibody after antigenic exposure or stimulation.

A

Active Immunization

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1
Q

It is a situation when the ABO forward typing result does not agree with the result in backward typing.

A

ABO Discrepancy

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2
Q

These are chemical substances added to red cells to extend the shelf life up to 42 days.

A

Additive

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3
Q

It is a rare condition characterized by absence of antibodies.

A

Agammaglobulinemia

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4
Q

Blood Bag Additive

AS-1:

A

Adsol : Fenwal Laboratory

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6
Q

It is the removal of a specific antibody from a mixture of antibody using cell of known specificity.

A

Absorption

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7
Q

It is the clumping of particulate antigens with the corresponding specific antibody.

A

Agglutination

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8
Q

Blood Bag Additive

AS-3:

A

Nutricel : Medsep Corporation

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8
Q

Blood Bag Additive

AS-5:

A

Optisol : Terumo Corporation

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9
Q

It is also known as secondary immune response and it also refers to the production of antibody after secondary antigenic exposure.

A

Anamnestic Response

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10
Q

If the source of antigen is the red cell, clumping is referred to as:

A

Hemagglutination

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11
Q

It is an alternative form of a gene occupying a given locus.

A

Allele

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12
Q

It occurs before birth.

A

Antenatal

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13
Q

It is the process of collecting amniotic fluid.

A

Amniocentesis

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14
Q

It is the albuminous fluid contained in amniotic sac that provides nutrients to the developing fetus.

A

Amniotic Fluid

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16
Q

It is referred to as the “silent gene” that does not produce a detectable antigen; an example is the O gene.

A

Amorph

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16
Q

It is a severe allergic hypersensitivity reaction brought about by antibody against IgA seen among IgA deficient patient exposed to IgA antibody.

A

Anaphylaxis

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17
Q

It is also known as immunoglobulin, and it also refers to protein substances that are secreted by plasma cells and are produced in response to antigenic stimulation.

A

Antibody

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18
Q

It is the table of phenotyped group “O” cells showing different antigen used to screen and identify immune antibody.

A

Antigram

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19
Q

It is a commercially prepared reagent containing antibody with known specificity.

A

Antiserum

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20
Q

Antibody against own self antigens.

A

Autoantibody

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21
Q

Antibody derived from more than one antibody producing plasma cells.

A

Polyclonal antibody

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22
Q

Isoantibodies referred to as anti-A and anti-B.

A

Naturally Occurring Antibody

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23
Q

Immune antibody against foreign antigen of the same species.

A

Alloantibody

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24
Q

Also known as unexpected antibody, it refers to antibody other than the naturally occurring anti-A and anti-B.

A

Atypical Antibody

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25
Q

It is used to describe antigens controlled by a pair of allelic genes.

A

Antithetical

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26
Q

It describes the relative ability of a substance to illicit immune response.

A

Antigenic

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27
Q

It is also known as Coomb’s serum and it also refers to a secondary antibody directed against human IgG or complement.

A

Antihuman Globulin Reagent (AHG)

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28
Q

Targets both human IgG and complement C3.

A

Polyspecific AHG

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29
Q

Used to detect “in vitro” cell sensitization.

A

Indirect Antiglobulin Test (IAT)

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30
Q

It is also known as Coomb’s Test, and it also refers to a method that uses antibodies directed against human globulins to aid in the detection of RBCs sensitized by IgG alloantibodies, IgG autoantibodies, and/or complement components.

A

Antihuman Globulin Test (AGT)

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31
Q

Used to detect “in vivo” cell sensitization.

A

Direct Antiglobulin Test (DAT)

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32
Q

Targets either human IgG or complement C3.

A

Monospecific AHG

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33
Q

Removal of platelet.

A

Plateletpheresis

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34
Q

This consists of a single bag or an interconnected multiple bags with tubings used in blood donation.

A

Blood bag

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35
Q

Removal of plasma.

A

Plasmapheresis

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36
Q

Example of a silent gene.

A

O gene

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37
Q

It is a method of blood collection in which whole blood is withdrawn and processed. The machine collects the desired component and the remainder of the blood is returned to the donor.

A

Apheresis

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38
Q

Removal of leukocytes.

A

Leukapheresis

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39
Q

These are biological substances which pose a threat to the health of living organisms, especially humans.

A

Biohazards

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40
Q

It is an antibody with reactivity occurring in two phases.

A

Biphasic Hemolysin

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41
Q

It is the process of antibody removal through the use of patient’s own antigen.

A

Autoabsorption

42
Q

It refers to the strength of antigen-antibody reaction as influenced by characteristic feature of the antigen and antibody.

A

Avidity

43
Q

It is a dye in anti-B.

A

Yellow Dye

  • Acriflavin
  • Tartrazine Yellow
44
Q

It is one of the major divisions in a hospital laboratory that provides safe blood to patients by performing blood screening, grouping and compatibility testing.

A

Blood Bank

45
Q

They refer to the different cellular and liquid compositions of blood separated by physical means.

A

Blood Components

46
Q

It is abbreviated as PS-PR (Patient Serum-Patient Red Cell), and it refers to testing the patient’s serum for antibody against his own red cells, employed to detect autoantibody.

A

Autocontrol

47
Q

It is a cryoprotectant used for hematopoietic progenitor cells.

A

DiMethyl SulfOxide (DMSO)

48
Q

It is a frozen plasma product that contains all clotting factors; usually administered to patients with clotting factor deficiencies other that Hemophilia A, von Willebrand ‘s disease, and hypofibrinogenemia.

A

Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP)

49
Q

It is a platelet concentrate containing about 3.0 x 10^11 platelets obtained by apheresis.

A

Single Platelet Concentrate

50
Q

It is a platelet concentrate containing at least 5.5 x 10^10 platelets obtained manually by centrifugation.

A

Random Platelet Concentrate

51
Q

They are platelets removed from unrefrigerated fresh whole blood and stored for transfusion.

A

Platelet Concentrate

52
Q

It is a concentrated coagulated Factor VIII and Factor I (fibrinogen) extracted from fresh frozen plasma.

A

Cryoprecipitate

53
Q

It is a red cell component prepared by separating the plasma from a whole blood unit resulting to a hematocrit level of approximately 80%.

A

Packed RBC

54
Q

These are erythrocytes that are treated with cryoprotective agent and subsequently kept in a freezing temperature.

A

Frozen Red Cell

55
Q

These are erythrocytes that are treated by a solution containing pyruvate, inosine, phosphate, and adenine, which restores 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) and ATP to at least normal levels.

A

Rejuvenated Red Cell

56
Q

It is the blood component which includes prothrombin complexes, Factor XIII, and Factor VII that is most commonly indicated in trauma, liver disease, and oral anticoagulant toxicity. These offer a rapid and relatively easy method of improving coagulation stability without the risks of FFP transfusion, volume load, or infectious complications.

A

Factor Concentrate

57
Q

It is a filter device attached to a blood or blood component unit designed to retain unwanted cells, blood clots, or debris.

A

Blood Filter

58
Q

These are soluble antigens present in fluids that can be used to neutralize their corresponding antibodies. Blood group systems that demonstrate these are ABO, Lewis, and P.

A

Blood Group Specific Soluble Substances (BGSSs)

59
Q

It is a blood component preparation that usually makes use of the refrigerated centrifuge. It limits the use of blood and its components to longer period up to the expiration date due to a sterile intact blood bag system.

A

Closed System

61
Q

The test used to determine a blood group system.

A

Blood Typing

62
Q

It is a system of classifying blood based on the presence or absence of inherited antigenic substances on the red blood cells.

A

Blood Group System

64
Q

How many blood group systems does the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) currently recognize?

A

30 blood group systems

65
Q

It is a manual blood component preparation that limits the use of blood and its components with 24 hours after exposure of the blood to the atmosphere.

A

Open System

66
Q

It is the application of physical means such as refrigerated centrifugation to separate the different cellular and liquid compositions of a whole blood.

A

Blood Component Preparation

67
Q

It is the determination of serum or plasma antibodies using cell of known antigenic profile.

A

Backward Typing / Indirect Typing / Serum Typing

68
Q

It is the determination of red cell antigen through the use of antiserum of known specificity. It is also referred to as red cell phenotyping.

A

Forward Typing / Direct Typing / Cell Typing

69
Q

It is a device used in warming blood stored at refrigerator temperature of 4-6C to body temperature before infusion.

A

Blood Warmer

70
Q

It is the failure of an individual to express inherited A or B genes because of the lack of H gene. An individual with this phenotype has a potent anti-H in his serum.

A

Bombay Phenotype

71
Q

Bombay phenotype is designated as:

A

O^h

72
Q

It is the main soluble protein in the serum of the cattle that is oftentimes used as an enzymatically inert protein or a negative control.

A

Bovine Serum Albumin

73
Q

It is a condition producing two cell populations in an individual.

A

Chimerism

74
Q

It is the most preferred method used for crossmatching that includes 3 phases.

A

Broad Spectrum Compatibility Test

75
Q

The three phases of Broad Spectrum Compatibility Test are:

A

Immediate Spin
Thermophase
AHG phase

76
Q

It is a rare condition characterized by the difficulty of the phagocytic cells to generate superoxide radicals which is needed in killing ingested pathogens. A person with this suffers from recurrent suppurative bacterial and fungal infections starting in early childhood.

A

Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD)

77
Q

These are substances present in the plasma involved in the clotting process.

A

Coagulation Factor

78
Q

Factor 2.

A

Prothrombin

79
Q

Factor 1.

A

Fibrinogen

80
Q

Factor 3.

A

Tissue Factor

81
Q

Factor 4.

A

Calcium

82
Q

Factor 5.

A

Proaccelerin

83
Q

Factor 6.

A

Activated Factor 5

84
Q

Factor 7.

A

Proconvertin

85
Q

Factor 8.

A

Antihemophilic Factor A

86
Q

Factor 9.

A

Christmas Factor

87
Q

Factor 10.

A

Stuart-Power Factor

88
Q

Factor 11.

A

Plasma Thromboplastin Antecedent

89
Q

Factor 12.

A

Hageman Factor

90
Q

Factor 13.

A

Fibrin-stabilizing Factor

91
Q

It is a sequence of three bases in a DNA strand that provides the genetic code for a specific amino acid.

A

Codon

92
Q

It is a batch of tests which includes ABO and Rh grouping, screening of serum for alloantibodies, and crossmatching.

A

Compatibility Test

93
Q

It is serologically inactive when mixed.

A

Compatible

94
Q

It is a complex of plasma proteins.

A

Complement

95
Q

It is the transfusion of specific components rather than whole blood to treat a patient.

A

Component Therapy

96
Q

They are antibody-coated cells used to confirm negative results obtained in direct and indirect antihuman globulin tests.

A

Coomb’s Control / Check Cells

97
Q

They are blood containing stem cells which are taken from the umbilical cord after childbirth.

A

Cord Cells

98
Q

It is a computed value used to evaluate effectiveness of platelet transfusion.

A

Corrected Count Increment

99
Q

It is the process of exchange of genetic material between 2 homologous pairs of chromosomes.

A

Crossing Over

100
Q

It is the testing of patient’s blood against donor’s blood.

A

Crossmatch

101
Q

It is a type of crossmatch that involves mixing of patient’s serum and donor’s red blood cells.

A

Major Crossmatch (PS-DR)

102
Q

It is a type of crossmatch that involves mixing patient’s red blood cells and donor’s serum.

A

Minor Crossmatch (PR-DS)

103
Q

It is a process of mixing the recipient’s serum with donor’s red blood cells and centrifuging immediately. Absence of hemolysis and agglutination indicates compatibility.

A

Immediate Crossmatch

104
Q

It is a type and screen coupled with immediate spin.

A

Abbreviated Crossmatch

105
Q

These are substances that are added to erythrocytes to protect them against the harmful effects of freezing temperature.

A

Cryoprotective Agent

Blood Banking (1 decks)

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