Glossary of Cases

Question 1

What is the nominative?

Answer 1

Mianownik

Question 2

What questions does the nominative ask?

Answer 2

Kto? (Who?)

Co? (What?)

Question 3

When is the nominative used?

Answer 3

• subject

- complement of the expression: “this is; these are” (to jest; to są)

Question 4

MARTA is reading / reads a book.

Answer 4

Nominative

MARTA czyta książkę.

Question 5

THE NEWSPAPER is here.

Answer 5

Nominative

GAZETA jest tutaj.

Question 6

Is there A NEWSPAPER here?

Answer 6

Nominative

Czy jest tutaj GAZETA?

Question 7

This is A NEWSPAPER.

Answer 7

Nominative

To jest GAZETA.

Question 8

These are NEWSPAPERS.

Answer 8

Nominative

To są GAZETY.

Question 9

What is the genitive?

Answer 9

Dopełniacz

Question 10

What questions does the genitive ask?

Answer 10

Kogo? (of Whom?)

Czego? (of What?)

Question 11

When is the genitive used?

Answer 11

• direct object of negated transitive verbs (used with a direct object either expressed or implied)
• complement of the expression there isn’t / aren’t; there wasn’t / weren’t; there won’t be (nie ma; nie było; nie będzie)
• to express “of”
• after the prepositions: “from, to, for, from / out of (od, do, dla, z)
• object of some verbs

Question 12

I don’t have A BROTHER, COMPUTER, TELEPHONE, BOOK, NEWSPAPER, WINE.

Answer 12

Genitive

Nie mam:

• BRATA
• KOMPUTERA
• TELEFONU
• KSIĄŻKI
• GAZETY
• WINA

Question 13

I don’t have BROTHERS, COMPUTERS, TELEPHONES, BOOKS, NEWSPAPERS, WINES.

Answer 13

Genitive

Nie mam:

• BRACI
• KOMPUTERÓW
• TELEFONÓW
• KSIĄŻEK
• GAZET
• WIN

Question 14

YOUR passport (passport of gentleman / lady)

Answer 14

Genitive

PANA / PANI paszport

Question 15

Which case is used by: od (from)?

Answer 15

Genitive

Question 16

Which case is used by: do (to)?

Answer 16

Genitive

Question 17

Which case is used by: dla (for)?

Answer 17

Genitive

Question 18

Which case is used by: z (from)?

Answer 18

Genitive

Question 19

FROM TIME TO TIME.

Answer 19

Genitive

OD CZASU DO CZASU.

Question 20

TO / FROM POLAND, AMERICA, ENGLAND, WORK, HOME, THE THEATER, THE CINEMA.

Answer 20

Genitive

DO / Z:

• POLSKI
• AMERYKI
• ANGLII
• PRACY
• DOMU
• TEATRU
• KINA

Question 21

FOR YOU.

Answer 21

Genitive

DLA:

• PANA
• PANI

Question 22

I teach (learn) / am teaching (learning) Polish (LANGUAGE).

Answer 22

Genitive

Uczę (się) JĘZYKA polskiego.

Question 23

What is the dative?

Answer 23

Celownik

Question 24

What questions does the dative ask?

Answer 24

Komu? (to Whom?)

Czemu? (to What?)

Question 25

When is the dative used?

Answer 25

• indirect object

- complement used in some expressions

Question 26

I gave it TO MY MOTHER.

Answer 26

Dative

Dałam to MOJEJ MAMIE.

Question 27

They didn’t buy it FOR THEM.

Answer 27

Dative

Oni nie kupili IM tego.

Question 28

Tell it TO ADAM.

Answer 28

Dative

Powiedz to ADAMOWI.

Question 29

TO WHOM did you give it?

Answer 29

Dative

KOMU pan to dał.

Question 30

I am cold / warm. (is TO ME cold/warm)

Answer 30

Dative

Jest MI zimno / ciepło

Question 31

What is the accusative?

Answer 31

Biernik

Question 32

What questions does the accusative ask?

Answer 32

Kogo? (Whom?)

Co? (What?)

Question 33

When is the accusative used?

Answer 33

-direct object of transitive verbs (used with a direct object either expressed or implied)

Question 34

I have A BROTHER, COMPUTER, TELEPHONE, BOOK, NEWSPAPER, WINE.

Answer 34

Mam:

• BRATA
• KOMPUTER
• TELEFON
• KSIĄŻKĘ
• GAZETĘ
• WINO