Glossary Exam #2 Flashcards
those chemicals specifically designed for use in the preparation of bodies following an autopsy.
Autopsy chemicals
concentrated embalming chemicals which are injected into the cavities of the
body following aspiration in cavity embalming. These fluids can also be used for surface and hypodermic embalming of the problem areas.
Cavity fluid
fluid injected for purposes other than preservation and disinfection
Accessory chemicals
fluids designed to clear the vascular
system of blood and enable the arterial solution to distribute with greater facility.
Pre-injection fluids (primary injection/capillary wash)
the reaction between a fat and a strong base to produce glycerol and the salt of a fatty acid (soap).
Saponification
the microbial (enzymatic) decomposition of carbohydrates under anaerobic conditions.
Fermentation
the swelling and softening of tissues and organs as a result of absorbing moisture
from adjacent sources.
Imbibition
the decomposition of proteins by the action of enzymes from anaerobic bacteria.
Putrefaction
supplemental fluids that may enhance arterial fluids by the addition of special chemicals such as humectants.
Restorative fluids
fluids that generally fall into one of three categories: pre-injection, co-injection, and humectants or restorative fluids.
Supplemental fluids
the concentrated, preservative embalming chemical that will be diluted with water (or another appropriate vehicle such as alcohol) to form the arterial solution for injection into the arterial (vascular) system during vascular (arterial) embalming.
Arterial (vascular) fluids
chemicals for which there may be greatly varying demands predicated upon the type of embalming, the environment and the arterial fluid to be used.
Modifying agents
the first or initial injection, may or may not contain preservatives.
Primary injection (pre-injection)
components of embalming solutions used to inactivate the active chemical groups of proteins and amino acids; to inhibit decomposition; to kill microorganisms; destroy odors and eliminate their further formation; and to inactivate enzymes.
Preservatives
additional germicides added to embalming fluids.
Supplementary germicides
formaldehyde gas dissolved in water at 37% by weight and 40% by volume.
Formalin
the rapid oxidation or burning that produces heat and light.
Combustion
the process of converting soluble protein to insoluble protein by heating or by contact with a chemical such as an alcohol or an aldehyde.
Coagulation
self-digestion or self-destruction of the body by autolytic enzymes.
Autolysis
a change of state of matter from a gas to a liquid.
Condensation
the process by which a substance is given definite form.
Crystallization
the linking together of monomers or basic chemical units to form a polymer.
Polymerization
a physical change of state during which a substance changes directly from a solid to a gas.
Sublimation
the passage of pure solvent from a solution of lesser solute concentration to one of greater solute concentration when the two solutions are separated by a semi-permeable membrane which selectively prevents the passage of solute molecules but it is permeable to the solvent.
Osmosis
a compound consisting of oxygen combined with only one other element.
Oxides
any substance that imperils health or life when absorbed into the body.
Poison
the material upon which an enzyme works.
Substrate
a poisonous substance produced by higher plants, animals, or pathogenic bacteria that is toxic (poisonous) to humans.
Toxin
a common name for a triacylglycerol that is a semisolid or solid at room temperature and contains a high percentage of saturated fatty acids.
Fats
a protein that acts as a biological catalyst.
Enzyme
a type of lipid formed from the combination of unsaturated and/or saturated fatty acids and high molecular weight alcohols (not glycerol).
Wax
a compound of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen that is an aldehyde or ketone derivative of polyhydroxyl alcohol (sugars, starches, and glycogen).
Carbohydrate
a wax-like material produced by saponification of body fat in a body buried in alkaline soil.
Adipocere (grave wax)
a solution-like system in which the size of the solute particle is between 1 and 100 nanometers. Particles of solute pass through filters but not membranes.
Colloid
a compound whose hydrolytic products are fatty acids and alcohols.
Simple lipid
the smallest dose of a poison (or radiation) on record that produces death.
Minimum lethal dose (MLD)
a solution containing a relatively large amount of solute.
Concentrated solution
the ratio of mass or volume of a solute to the mass or volume of the solution or solvent.
Concentrations
a solution containing all of the solute the solvent is able to hold at a certain temperature and pressure.
Saturated solution
that injection taking place after the primary injection (first injection or pre-injection).
Secondary injection
