Glossary A: Disorders and Diseases

Question 1

“Disorders, Diseases & Others - As, Bs, and Cs”
1- Arthritis
2- Asthma
3- Atherosclerosis

4- Bronchitis

5- Calcification
6- Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)
7- Cardiovascular Drift
8- Cerebral Vascular Disease
9- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
10- Coronary Artery/Heart Disease (CAD/CHD)

Answer 1

1- Arthritis; inflammation of the joints.

2- Asthma; chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that affects genetically susceptible individuals in response to various environmental triggers such as allergens, cold, stress, pollution, exercise, viral infection, etc.

3-Atherosclerosis; accumulation of fatty material on the inner walls of the arteries, causing them to thicken, harden, and lose elasticity.

4- Bronchitis; acute or chronic inflammation of the bronchial tubes.

5- Calcification; the process in which calcium builds up in the tissues, causing them to harden. It can be a normal (as in bone tissue) or abnormal (as in arteries) process.

6- CVD; a general term for any disease of the heart, blood vessels, or circulation.

7- Cardiovascular Drift; changes in observed cardiovascular variables that occur during prolonged, sub-maximal exercise without a change in workload.

8- Cerebral Vascular Disease; a group of brain dysfunctions related to disease of the blood vessels supplying the brain.

9- COPD; a condition (such as asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, etc.) in which there is a chronic obstruction of airflow.

10- CAD/CHD; major forms of CVD in which the coronary arteries are narrowed/occluded, most commonly by the atherosclerotic deposits of fibrous and fatty tissue.
Note that Coronary arteries branch at the base of the Aorta chamber, supplying blood to the heart.

Question 2

"Disorders, Diseases & Others - Ds, Es, and Fs"
1- 
2- 
3- 
4- 
5- Fascia
6- Frailty
7- 
8- 
9- 
10-

Answer 2

5- Fascia; is a band of sheet of connective tissue (mainly collagen), beneath the skin that attaches, stabilizes, encloses, and separates muscles and other internal organs. It is a densely woven, specialized system of connective tissue that covers and unites all of the body’s compartments. It provides stability, as well as a cohesive direction for the line of pull of muscle groups.

6- Frailty; state of vulnerability, caused by multisystem reduction ranging in severity from mild to severe, that places an individual at increased risk of adverse health outcomes.

7-