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Computer Science Key Terms > Glossary > Flashcards

Glossary Flashcards

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1
Q

Network

A

Computers linked together

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2
Q

Workstation

A

Computer connected to the network

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3
Q

Stand Alone Machine

A

Computer not connected to a network

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4
Q

Desktop/laptop

A

PC sits on desk full sized keys/monitor

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5
Q

World Wide Web

A

Interconnected web pages

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6
Q

Internet

A

PC’s interconnected

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7
Q

LAN

A

Network over a small area

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8
Q

WAN

A

Wide area network

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9
Q

Bandwidth

A

Amount of data possible through a cable/per second

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10
Q

Decomposition

A

Breaking down a complex problem or system into smaller parts that are more manageable and easier to understand

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11
Q

Abstraction

A

Representing essential features without including the background details or explanations

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12
Q

Iteration

A

A process wherein a set of instructions or structures are repeated in a sequence a specified number of times or until a condition is met

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13
Q

Selection

A

A question is asked and depending on the answer the program takes one of two courses of action after which the program moves on to the next event

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14
Q

Pseudocode

A

A notation resembling a simplified programming language, used in program design

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15
Q

Algorithm

A

A process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer

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16
Q

Variable

A

A storage address paired with an associated symbolic name, which contains some known or unknown quantity of information referred to as a value

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17
Q

Constant

A

A value that cannot be altered by the program during normal execution, i.e., the value is constant

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18
Q

Protocol

A

A system of rules that allow two or more entities of a communications system to transmit information via any kind of variation of a physical quantity

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19
Q

Sequence

A

The order that commands are executed by a computer, allowing us to carry out tasks that have multiple steps

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20
Q

Syntax

A

Refers to the spelling and grammar of a programming language

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21
Q

Validation

A

An automatic computer check to ensure that the data entered is sensible and reasonable

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22
Q

What is an algorithm?

A

An algorithm is a set of logical steps to be followed to perform a particular task

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23
Q

What are the two methods to represent an algorithm?

A

Pseudocode and flowchart

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24
Q

What statement is used for data entry?

A

INPUT statement

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25
Q

What statement is used to display a variable?

A

PRINT statement

26
Q

What operator is used for assigning a variable?

A

← operator

27
Q

What are the two types of conditional statements?

A

If… then… statement and case statement

28
Q

What conditional statement is used for more than two conditions?

A

If… then… elseif … statement

29
Q

What is iteration?

A

Repeated execution of a set of lines is called iteration

30
Q

What type of programming statements are used for iterations?

A

Loop statements

31
Q

What are the types of loop statements?

A

For… to… next, repeat… until and while… do…

32
Q

What operator is used for ‘not equal to’ comparisons?

A

!= or <>

33
Q

What operator is used for grouping comparisons?

A

( )

34
Q

Algorithm

A

A set of logical steps to be followed to perform a particular task

35
Q

Conditional statements

A

Statements used when different actions are to be performed based on different values of user input

36
Q

Flowchart

A

A method of representing an algorithm in a pictorial form, depicting the steps and order to be followed to perform a task

37
Q

INPUT

A

A statement used for data entry

38
Q

Iteration

A

Repeated execution of a set of lines

39
Q

Loop statements

A

Statements that are used to execute a part of the algorithm multiple times

40
Q

Program

A

A set of instructions that performs a specific task during its execution

41
Q

PRINT

A

A statement used to display a string or a variable

42
Q

Pseudocode

A

A method of representing an algorithm using simple words and mathematical operators

43
Q

Software

A

Programs responsible for various operations of a computer and its peripherals

44
Q

Variable

A

A symbolic name used to represent a value which could be changed during execution

45
Q

What is computational thinking?

A

Computational thinking is a thought process involved in formulating a problem and expressing its solution in such a way that computers can effectively carry it out.

46
Q

Why is developing software a complex process?

A

Because software development involves innovative thinking processes and complex testing procedures.

47
Q

What are the components of computational thinking?

A

Abstraction
Decomposition
Algorithm design

48
Q

What are the steps involved in problem solving?

A

Understand the problem
Construct a plan to solve the problem
Apply the plan
Check for errors and look for improvements in the current plan

49
Q

What steps are involved in understanding a problem?

A

We need all data to understand the problem. Then, we must check whether the problem is solvable. If it is solvable, a complex problem can be broken down into simpler modules.

50
Q

What are the characteristics of a proper solution?

A

Error-free, efficient and reusable.

51
Q

What is abstraction?

A

A component of computational thinking where certain non-essential characteristics of objects or systems are removed so that it is reduced to a simple set of characteristics.

52
Q

List some examples of abstraction

A

Variables and functions in programming. Layering in computer networks.

53
Q

What is decomposition?

A

A component of computational thinking where a large problem is broken down into smaller chunks that can then be solved using computing.

54
Q

What is pattern recognition?

A

A concept where similar problems are solved by reusing solutions.

55
Q

What are the advantages of using pattern recognition?

A

Saves effort and time.

56
Q

What is an algorithm?

A

A problem is broken into a series of logical steps called an algorithm.

57
Q

In what forms, is an algorithm represented?

A

Flowchart and pseudocode

58
Q

What is a flowchart?

A

A method of representing algorithms in pictorial form, depicting the steps and order to be followed to perform a task.

59
Q

What is pseudocode?

A

A method of representing an algorithm using simple words and mathematical operators.

60
Q

What is the function of a MOD operator?

A

A MOD operator is used to find remainder of a division operation.

Computer Science Key Terms (1 decks)

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