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GLOSSARY Flashcards

0
Q

An antibody produced in response to one antigen that will react with a second antigen genetically unrelated antigen.

A

HETEROPHIL ANTIBODY

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1
Q

A heterophil antibody that is stimulated by one antigen and reacts with unrelated surface antigen present on cells from different mammalian species

A

FORSSMAN ANTIBODY

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4
Q

An AGGLUTININ is an antigen that is capable of causing agglutination with surface antibodies. TRUE OR FALSE.

A

FALSE. Its an antibody.

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6
Q

The removal of antibodies from serum by the addition of red cells that possess the corresponding surface antigen.

A

ABSORPTION

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7
Q

Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus or other agent

A

HEPATITIS

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8
Q

In ABSORPTION, we remove antibodies from serum by adding what?

A

Red cells with the corresponding antigen

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9
Q

Immunity that is generated by the actual production of antibody by the host in the presence of foreign antigen

A

ACTIVE IMMUNITY

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11
Q

A system for activating complement beginning at C3 and do not involve a serologic reaction

A

ALTERNATIVE COMPLEMENT PATHWAY

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12
Q

The attachment of one substance to the surface of another, in particular, the attachment of antibody to specific receptors on a cell surface.

A

ADSORPTION

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14
Q

Anti-sheep red blood cell antibody that causes hemolysis of sheep red cells in the presence of complement

A

AMBOCEPTOR

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16
Q

A substance composed of extract from fresh beef hearts combined with lecithin and cholesterol

A

CARDIOLIPIN ANTIGEN

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17
Q

An antibody that is capable of causing agglutination with surface antigens

A

AGGLUTININ

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18
Q

A substance (usually injected with an antigen) that improves the immune response, either humoral or cellular, to the antigen

A

ADJUVANT

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20
Q

The special affinity between an antigen and its corresponding antibody

A

SPECIFICITY

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21
Q

BE antigen is a substance contained in beef erythrocytes, which is capable of absorbing the heterophil antibodies produced as a result of – and serum sickness.

A

INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS

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23
Q

A globulin formed in response to exposure to an antigen.

A

ANTIBODY(Ab)

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24
Q

Also known as immunoglobulin

A

ANTIBODY

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25
Q

Union of antibody with its homologous antigen

A

ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY COMPLEX

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26
Q

Flagellar antigens of bacteria

A

H ANTIGENS

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27
Q

How does an ADJUVANT increase the production of antibodies to, or the degree of sensitization against antigen?

A

By increasing its size or length of survival in the circulation

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28
Q

An autoantibody directed against a component of the nucleus, commonly found in systematic lupus erythematosus

A

ANTINUCLER ANTIBODY (ANA)

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29
Q

A lymphocyte from the bursa of Fabricius or an immunoglobulin-forming cell

A

B-cell

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31
Q

A protein, not normally present in human blood, appears in a wide variety of inflammatory conditions. It is characterized by their ability to react with the C-polysaccharide somatic substance of the pneumococci

A

C-REACTIVE PROTEIN

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34
Q

Normal serum constituents that increase in the presence of infection, injury or trauma to the tissues.

A

ACUTE PHASE PROTEINS

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35
Q

A serum containing antibody

A

ANTISERUM

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36
Q

An antibody produced against streptolysin O

A

ANTISTREPTOLYSIN O (ASO)

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37
Q

C-REACTIVE PROTEIN is characterized by their ability to react with the – substance of the pneumococci

A

C-polysaccharide somatic substance

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38
Q

A hemolysin produced by Group A streptococci

A

Streptolysin O

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39
Q

A substance contained in beef erythrocytes, which is capable of absorbing the heterophil antibodies produced as a result of infectious mononucleosis (IM) and serum sickness

A

BEEF ERYTHROCYTE ANTIGEN

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40
Q

The major system of complement activation that involves all nine components of complement and is initiated by a serologic reaction

A

CLASSIC COMPLEMENT PATHWAY

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41
Q

A molecule that behaves as a “self” antigen

A

AUTOANTIGEN

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42
Q

A humoral mechanism of nonspecific immune response consisting of at least 14 components that proceed in a cascading sequence of activation resulting in cell lysis

A

COMPLEMENT

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43
Q

The fixation or binding of complement in a reaction with antigen and antibody

A

COMPLEMENT FIXATION

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44
Q

Enzyme immunoassay is a ligand assay in which the label is – and the binding reagent is –.

A

LABEL = ENZYME; BINDING REAGENT = ANTIBODY

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47
Q

The failure of a serologic reaction to occur in high concentration of antibody

A

PROZONE REACTION

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48
Q

An antibody capable of causing the lysis or dissolution of red cells with the consequent release of hemoglin

A

HEMOLYSIN

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49
Q

An assay in which one of the reactants is bound to a surface

A

SOLID RADIOIMMUNOASSAY

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50
Q

Cardiolipin antigen is a substance composed of extract from fresh beef hearts combined with what? Name two.

A

LECITHIN AND CHOLESTEROL

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51
Q

The surface somatic antigen of bacteria

52
Q

A hemagglutination test that defines the characteristics of heterophil antibody by guinea pig and beef cell antigens

A

DAVIDSOHN DIFFERENTIAL TEST

53
Q

The most common procedure for the separation of mononuclear cells.

A

DENSITY GRADIENT CENTRIFUGATION

54
Q

Monitors day to day accurate performance of the laboratory tests/analyses

55
Q

Density gradient centrifugation is the most common procedure for the separation of what kind of cells?

A

MONONUCLEAR CELLS

56
Q

An antigen that is not genetically determined and is sometimes transient

A

ACQUIRED ANTIGEN

57
Q

The separation of one substance from the other.

A

DISSOCIATION

59
Q

An antigen agglutinated or clumped by an agglutinin

A

AGGLUTINOGEN

60
Q

A fluid medium containing antibodies deliberately removed from the red cells.

62
Q

A specific type of precipitation that occurs over a narrow range of antigen concentration

A

FLOCCULATION

63
Q

It is found in varying small amounts normally, but is usually increased in syphilis, malaria and certain other diseases.

64
Q

The agglutination or clumping of red blood cellls by the antiserum

A

HEMAGGLUTINATION

65
Q

An enzyme that dissolves clots by converting plasminogen to plasmin

A

STREPTOKINASE

66
Q

Ruptured erythrocytes

67
Q

A substance which absorbs the Forssman and serum sickness antibodies.

A

GUINEA PIG KIDNEY ANTIGEN

68
Q

Virus that caused AIDS

A

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

69
Q

A solution that has a concentration greater than the system with which it is compared

A

HYPERTONIC SOLUTION

70
Q

A branch of biology which concerns itself with antigens and antibodies and their relationships

71
Q

The agglutination of red blood cells by a virus

A

VIRAL HEMAGGLUTINATION

72
Q

A process by which the activity of serum complement is nullified

A

INACTIVATION

73
Q

Aggregation of colloidal particles in a serologic reaction

A

FLOCCULATION

74
Q

An acute infectious disease caused by Epstein-Barr virus characterized by fever, pharyngitis and lymphadenopathy. There is moderate leukocytosis due to abnormal mononuclear cells.

A

INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS

76
Q

An antigen-antibody reaction in which a soluble antigen is caused to settle out by the action of specific antibody

A

PRECIPITATION

77
Q

A thymus derived lymphocyte responsible for cell-mediated hypersensitivity

A

T-LYMPHOCYTE

78
Q

The creation of a stable preparation of a biologic material by rapid freezing and dehydration of the frozen product under high vacuum

A

LYOPHILIZATION

79
Q

The reduction in the electrical charge of a red cell when it is suspended in a high ionic strength colloidal medium

A

ZETA POTENTIAL

81
Q

An antibody which causes dissolution or lysis of cells

82
Q

An antibody that attaches to a cellular or particular antigen rendering it susceptible to phagocytosis

83
Q

Hemagglutination resulting from antibodies that are directed against antigens absorbed to their erythrocyte surface

A

PASSIVE AGGLUTINATION

84
Q

The liquid portion of unclotted blood

85
Q

A weak or irregular antigen-antibody reaction occurring when a great excess of antigen is exposed to a serum containing a relatively low titer of antibody

A

POSTZONE REACTION

86
Q

A negative or weak reaction occurring when serum containing an extremely high titer of antibody is exposed to a relatively small amount of antigen.

A

PROZONE REACTION

88
Q

The clumping of cells caused by agents other than antibodies

A

PSEUDOAGGLUTINATION

90
Q

An atom with an unstable nucleus that spontaneously emits radiatin as it decays to a stable nucleus

A

RADIOISOTOPE

91
Q

A progressively higher dissolution of a substance arranged in a definite sequence or series

A

SERIAL DILUTION

92
Q

T-CELL is a thymus derived lymphocyte responsible for what kind of hypersensitivity?

A

CELL-MEDIATED

93
Q

Streptokinase dissolves clots by converting – to –

A

PLASMINOGEN TO PLASMIN

94
Q

An expression of the highest dilution of serum which gives a visible reaction

95
Q

An antibody (or agglutinin) or hemagglutinin that is active at 37 degrees but not 4 degrees celcius

A

WARM AGGLUTININ

96
Q

The measurement of light transmitted through a suspension of particles

A

TURBIDIMETRY

97
Q

A condition wherein the cells are coated with incomplete (blocking or univalent) specific antibody

A

SENSITIZED

98
Q

The detection of a specific antibody in the serum of an individual in whom the antibody was previously undetectable

A

SEROCONVERSION

99
Q

The fluid portion after the blood clots

100
Q

An antibody-like substance produced by the body in response to certain types of tissue invasion and destruction

102
Q

Any substance which, when introduced into the body stimulates the formation of antibody

A

ANTIGEN (Ag)

103
Q

A ligand assay in which the label is an enzyme and the binding reagent is an antibody.

A

ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY

104
Q

A substance in the blood and the lymph serving as one of the active component on the process of cytolysis, the other components being the complement and the cells with antibodies.

A

AMBOCEPTOR

113
Q

Substance that can increase the specific antibody production to, or the degree of sensitization against antigen by increasing its size or length of survival in the circulation.

114
Q

An antibody produced against “self” antigen

A

AUTOANTIBODY

115
Q

An agglutinin or hemagglutinin that is active at 4 degrees C but not at 37

A

COLD AGGLUTININ

117
Q

Collection into clumps of the cells or particles distributed in a fluid.

A

AGGLUTINATION

119
Q

Used in the detection of antibodies involved in the blocking of agglutination of erythrocytes

A

HEMAGGLUTINATION-INHIBITION TECHNIQUE

122
Q

A substance causing the agglutination of red blood cells

A

HEMAGGLUTININ

124
Q

An antigen-antibody reaction in which the reactive effect of a particular antigen is nullified by a specific antibody

A

NEUTRALIZATION

125
Q

The dilution point in a serologic reaction in which all the antigen and all the antibody are mutually involved in complexes.

A

EQUIVALENCE POINT

126
Q

A molecule that combines with specific complementary configurations of the binding agent

127
Q

An antigen that is broadly distributed in nature

A

HETEROPHIL ANTIGEN

129
Q

Any substance that oppose or counteract the action of a complement

A

ANTICOMPLEMENTARY SUBSTANCE

134
Q

Antinuclear antibody is an autoantibody directed against a component of the nucleus commonly found where?

A

In SYSTEMATIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (SLE)

SEROLOGY IMMUNOLOGY (1 decks)

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