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Milady Chapter 6-anatomy > Glossary > Flashcards

Glossary Flashcards

0
Q

Absorption

A

The transport of fully digested food into the circulatory system to feed the tissues and cells

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1
Q

Abductors

A

Muscles that draw a body part, such as a finger, arm, or toe, away from the midline of the body or of an extremity. In the hand, abductors separate the fingers.

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2
Q

Adductors

A

Muscles that draw a body part such as a finger, arm, toe, inward toward the median axis of the body or of an extremity. In the hand, adductors draw the fingers together

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3
Q

Adipose tissue

A

A specialized connective tissue considered fat, which gives smoothness and contour to the body and cushions and insulates the body.

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4
Q

Adrenal gland

A

Glands that secrete about 30 steroid hormones and control metabolic processes of the body, including the fight-or-flight response

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5
Q

Anabolism

A

Constructive metabolism; the process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones

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6
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of human body structure that can be seen with the naked eye and how the body parts are organized and the science of the structure of organisms or of their parts

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7
Q

Angular artery

A

Artery that supplies blood to the side of the nose

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8
Q

Anterior auricular artery

A

Artery that supplies blood to the front part of the ear

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9
Q

Aorta

A

The body’s largest artery. The arterial trunk that carried blood from the heart to be distributed by branch arteries through the body

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10
Q

Arteries

A

Thick-walled muscular and flexible tubes that carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the capillaries throughout the body

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11
Q

Arterioles

A

Small arteries that deliver blood to capillaries

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12
Q

Atrioventricular valves

A

Abbr ATV; valves which are designed to prevent the blood from flowing back into the pumping chamber

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13
Q

Atrium

A

Thin-walled, upper chamber of the heart through which blood is pumped to the ventricles. There is a right atrium and a left atrium

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14
Q

Auricularis anterior

A

Muscle in front of the ear that draws the ear forward

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15
Q

Auricularis posterior

A

Muscle behind ear that draws the ear backward

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16
Q

Auricularis superior

A

Muscle above the ear that draws the ear upward

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17
Q

Auriculotemporal nerve

A

Nerve that affects the external ear and skin above the temple, up to the top of the skull

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18
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Abbr ANS; the part of the nervous system that controls the involuntary muscles; regulates the action of the smooth muscles, glands, blood vessels, and heart

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19
Q

Axon

A

The extension if a neuron through which impulses are sent away from the cell body to other neurons, glands, or muscles

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20
Q

Belly

A

Middle part of a muscle

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21
Q

Biceps

A

Muscle producing the contour if the front and inner side of the upper arm

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22
Q

Blood

A

Nutritive fluid circulating through the circulatory system (heart, veins, arteries, and capillaries) to supply oxygen and nutrients to cells and tissues and to remove carbon dioxide and waste from them.

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23
Q

Blood vessels

A

Tube like structures that transport blood to and from the heart, and to various tissues if the body; include arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venues, and veins

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24
Q

Body systems

A

Also know as systems; groups of bodily organs acting together to perform one or more functions. The human body is composed of 11 major systems

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25
Q

Brachial artery

A

Located in the upper arm, the brachial artery is a major blood vessel which runs down the arm and ends by dividing inti the radial and ulnar arteries, which run down through the forearm

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26
Q

Brain

A

Part of the central nervous system contained in the cranium; largest and most complex nerve tissue; controls sensation, muscles, glandular activity, and the power to think and feel

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27
Q

Brain stem

A

Structure that connects the spinal cord to the brain

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28
Q

Buccal nerve

A

Nerve that affects the muscles of the mouth

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29
Q

Buccinator

A

Thin, flat muscle of the cheek between the upper and lower jaw that compresses the cheeks and expels air between the lips

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30
Q

Capillaries

A

Tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that connects the smaller arteries to the veins. Capillaries bring nutrients to the cells and carry away waste materials

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31
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

The involuntary muscle that is the heart. This type of muscle is not found in any other part of the body

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32
Q

Carpus

A

Also known as rest; a flexible joint composed of eight small, irregular bones (carpals) held together by ligaments

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33
Q

Catabolism

A

The phase of metabolism that involves the breakdown of complex compounds within the cells into smaller ones, often resulting in the release of energy to perform functions such as muscular efforts, secretions, or digestion

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34
Q

Cell membrane

A

Part of the cell that encloses the protoplasm and permits soluble substances to enter and leave the cell

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35
Q

Cells

A

Basic unit of all living things; minute mass of protoplasm capable of performing all the fundamental functions of life

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36
Q

Central nervous system

A

Abbreviated CNS; cerebrospinal nervous system; consists of the brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves, and cranial nerves

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37
Q

Cerebellum

A

Lies at the base of the cerebrum and is attached to the brain stem; this term is Latin for “little brain”

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38
Q

Cerebrum

A

Makes up the bulk of the brain and is located in the front, upper part of the cranium

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39
Q

Cervical cutaneous nerve

A

Nerve located at the side of the neck that affects the front and sides of the neck as far down as the breastbone

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40
Q

Cervical nerves

A

Nerves that originate at the spinal cord, whose branches supply the muscles and scalp at the back of the head and neck; affect the side of the neck and the platysma muscle

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41
Q

Cervical vertebrae

A

The seven bones of the top part of the vertebral column, located in the neck region

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42
Q

Circulatory system

A

Also known as cardiovascular system or vascular system; system that controls the steady circulation of the blood through the body by means of the heart and blood vessels

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43
Q

Clavicle

A

Also known as collarbone; bone joining the sternum and scapula

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44
Q

Common Carotid arteries

A

Arteries that supply blood to the face, head, and neck

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45
Q

Connective tissue

A

Fibrous tissue that binds together, protects, and supports the various parts of the body such as bone, cartilage, and tendons. Examples of connective tissue are bone, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, blood, lymph, and fat

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46
Q

Corrugator muscle

A

Facial muscle that draws eyebrows down and wrinkles the forehead vertically

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47
Q

Cranium

A

Oval, bony case that protects the brain

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48
Q

Cytoplasm

A

All the protoplasm of the cell except that which is in the nucleus; the watery fluid containing food material necessary for cell growth, reproduction, and self repair

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49
Q

Defecation

A

Elimination of feces from the body

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50
Q

Deltoid

A

Large, triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint that allows arm to extend outward and to the side of the body

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51
Q

Dendrites

A

Tree like branching of nerve fibers extending from a nerve cell; short nerve fibers that carry impulses toward the cell and receive impulses from other neurons

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52
Q

Deoxyribonucleic acid

A

Abbreviated DNA; the blueprint material of genetic information; contains all the information that controls the function of every living cell

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53
Q

Depressor anguli oris

A

Also known as triangularis muscle; muscle extending alongside the chin that pulls down the corner of the mouth

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54
Q

Depressor labii inferioris

A

Also known as quadratus labii inferioris; muscle surrounding the lower lip that depresses the lower lip and draws it to one side

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55
Q

Diaphragm

A

Muscular wall that separates the thorax from the abdominal region and helps control breathing

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56
Q

Diencephalon

A

Located in the uppermost part of the midbrain; consists of two main parts the thalamus and hypothalamus

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57
Q

Digestion

A

Breakdown of food by mechanical and chemical means

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58
Q

Digestive enzymes

A

Chemicals that change certain kinds of food into a form that can be used by the body

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59
Q

Digestive system

A

Also called the gastrointestinal system; responsible for changing food into nutrients and waste; consists of the mouth, stomach, intestines, salivary and gastric glands and other organs

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60
Q

Digital nerve

A

Sensory-motor nerve that, with its branches, supplies impulses to the fingers

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61
Q

Eleventh cranial nerve

A

Also known as accessory nerve; a motor nerve that controls the motion of the neck and shoulder muscles

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62
Q

Endocrine glands

A

Also known as ductless glands; release secretions called hormones directly into the bloodstream which in turn influence the welfare of the entire body

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63
Q

Endocrine system

A

Group of specialized glands that affect the growth development, sexual activities, and help of the entire body

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64
Q

Epicranial aponeurosis

A

Tendon connecting the occipital a and the frontalis

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65
Q

Epicranius

A

Also known as occipitofrontalis; the broad muscle that covers the top of the skull and consist of the occipital is and frontalis

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66
Q

Epithelial tissue

A

Protective covering on body surfaces, such as the skin, mucous membranes, and lining of the heart; Digestive and respiratory organs; and glands

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67
Q

Ethmoid bone

A

Light, spongy bone between the eye sockets that forms part of the nasal cavities

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68
Q

Excretory system

A

Group of organs – including the kidneys, liver, skin, large intestine, and lungs – that purify the body by elimination of a waste matter

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69
Q

Exhalation

A

Breathing outward; expelling carbon dioxide from the lungs

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70
Q

Exocrine glands

A

Also known as duct glands; produce a substance that travels through small, tube – like ducts. Sweat and oil glands of the skin belong to this group

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71
Q

Extensors

A

Muscles that straighten the wrist, hand, and fingers to form a straight line

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72
Q

External Caorotid artery

A

Artery that supplies blood to the interior parts of the scalp, ear, face, neck, and side of the head

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73
Q

External jugular vein

A

Vein located on the side of the neck that carries blood returning to the heart from the head, face, and Neck

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74
Q

Facial artery

A

Also known as external maxillary artery; supplies blood to the lower region of the face, mouth, and nose

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75
Q

Fifth cranial nerve

A

Also known as trifacial or trigeminal nerve; it is the chief sensory nerve of the face, and it serves as the motor nerve of the muscles that control chewing. It consists of three branches

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76
Q

Flexors

A

Extensor muscles of the wrist, involved in flexing the wrist

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77
Q

Frontal artery

A

Artery that supplies blood to the forehead and upper eyelids

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78
Q

Frontal bone

A

Bone forming the forehead

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79
Q

Frontalis

A

Front (anterior) portion of the epiceanius muscle of the scalp that raises eyebrows, draws the scalp forward, and causes wrinkles across the forehead

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80
Q

Glands

A

Specialized organs that remove certain elements from the blood to convert them into new compounds

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81
Q

Greater articular nerve

A

Nerve at the sides of the neck affecting the face, ears, neck, and paratoid gland

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82
Q

Greater occipital nerve

A

Nerve located in the back of the head, affects the scalp as far up as the top of the head

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83
Q

Heart

A

Muscular cone shaped organ that keeps the blood moving within the circulatory system

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84
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Iron containing protein and red blood cells that binds to oxygen

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85
Q

Histology

A

Also known as microscopic anatomy; the study of the structure and composition of tissue

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86
Q

Hormones

A

Secretions produced by one of the endocrine glands and carried by the bloodstream or body fluid to another part of the body, or a body organ, to stimulate functional activity or secretion, such as insulin, adrenaline, and estrogen

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87
Q

Humerus

A

Uppermost and largest bone in the arm, extending from the elbow to the shoulder

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88
Q

Hyoid bone

A

U–shaped bone at the base of the tongue that supports the tongue and its muscle

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89
Q

Inferior labial artery

A

Supplies blood to the lower lip

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90
Q

Infraorbital artery

A

Artery originates from the internal maxillary artery and supplies blood to the eye muscles

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91
Q

Infraorbital nerve

A

Nerve that affects the skin of the lower eyelid, side of the nose, upper lip, and mouth

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92
Q

Infratrochlear nerve

A

Nerve that affects the membrane and skin of the nose

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93
Q

Ingestion

A

Eating or taking food into the body

94
Q

Inhalation

A

Breathing in through the nose or mouth, and thus oxygen is absorbed by the blood

95
Q

Insertion

A

Point where the skeletal muscle is attached to the bone or other more movable body part

96
Q

Integumentary system

A

The skin and it’s accessory organs, such as the oil and sweat glands, sensory receptors, hair, and nails

97
Q

Internal carotid artery

A

Artery that supplies blood to the brain, eyes, eyelids, forehead, nose and internal air

98
Q

Internal jugular vein

A

Vein located at the side of the neck to collect blood from the brain and parts of the face and neck

99
Q

Interstitial fluid

A

Blood plasma found in the spaces between tissues

100
Q

Joint

A

Connection between two or more bones of the skeleton

101
Q

Kidneys

A

One of the organs which supports the excretion system by eliminating water and waste products

102
Q

Lacrimal bones

A

Small, thin bones located in the anterior medial wall of the orbits e(yesockets)

103
Q

Lateral pterygoid

A

Muscles that coordinate with the masseter, temporalis, and medial pterygoid muscles to open and close the mouth and bring the jaw forward; sometimes referred to as chewing muscles

104
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

Large, flat, triangular muscle covering the lower back

105
Q

Levator anguli oris

A

Also known as caninus, is a muscle that raises the angle of the mouth and draws it inward

106
Q

Levator labii superioris

A

Also known as quadratu labii superioris; muscles surrounding the upper lip that elevates the upper lip and dilates the nostrils, as in expressing distaste

107
Q

Liver

A

One of the organs which supports the excretory system by removing toxic waste products of digestion

108
Q

Lungs

A

Spongy tissues composed of microscopic cells in which inhaled air is exchanged for carbon dioxide during one respiratory cycle

109
Q

Lymph

A

Clear, yellowish fluid that circulates in the lymph spaces (lymphatic) of the body, carries waste and impurities away from the cells

110
Q

Lymph capillaries

A

Lymphatic vessels that occur in clusters and are distributed throughout most of the body

111
Q

Lymph nodes

A

Gland- like structures found inside lymphatic vessels; filter the lymphatic vessels and help fight infection

112
Q

Lymphatic/immune system

A

Vital to the circulatory and to the immune system made up of lymph, lymph nodes, the thymus gland, the spleen, the lymph vessels that act as an aid to the blood system; the lymphatic and immune system are closely connected in that they protect the body from disease by developing immunities and destroying disease causing microorganisms

113
Q

Mandible

A

Lower Jawbone; largest and strongest bone of the face

114
Q

Mandibular nerve

A

Branch of the fifth cranial nerve that supplies the muscles and skin of the lower part of the face; also, nerve that affects the muscles of the chin and lower lip

115
Q

Masseter

A

One of the muscles that coordinate with the temporalis, medial pterygoid, and lateral pterygoid muscles to open and close the mouth and bring the jaw forward; sometimes referred to as chewing muscles

116
Q

Maxillary bones

A

Form the upper jaw

117
Q

Maxillary nerve

A

Branch of the fifth cranial nerve that supplies the upper part of the face

118
Q

Medial pterygoid

A

One of the muscles that coordinate with the masseter, temporalis, and lateral pterygoid muscles to open and close the mouth and bring the jaw forward; sometimes referred to as chewing muscles

119
Q

Median nerve

A

Nerve, smaller than the ulnar and radial nerves, that supplies the arm and hand

120
Q

Melasma

A

Also referred to as pregnancy mask; skin condition that is triggered by hormones that causes darker pigmentation in areas such as on the upper lip and around the eyes and cheeks

121
Q

Mental nerve

A

Nerve that affects the skin of the lower lip and chin

122
Q

Mentalis

A

Muscle that elevates the lower lip and raises and wrinkles the skin of the chin

123
Q

Metabolism

A

(1)Chemical process taking place in living organisms whereby the cells are nourished and carry out their activities. (2)The process of changing food into forms the body can use as energy. Metabolism consists of two parts anabolism and catabolism

124
Q

Metacarpus

A

Also known as palm, consists of five long, slender bones called metacarpal bones

125
Q

Middle temporal artery

A

Artery that supplies blood to the temples

126
Q

Mitosis

A

Cells dividing into two new cells (daughter cells); the usual process of cell reproduction of human tissues

127
Q

Mitral valve

A

Also known as bicuspid valve; a valve in which, from the left atrium, the blood flows through into the left ventricle

128
Q

Motor nerves

A

Also known as efferent nerves; carry impulses from the brain to the muscles or glands. These transmitted impulses produce movement

129
Q

Muscle tissue

A

Tissue and moves various parts of the body

130
Q

Muscular system

A

Body system that covers, shapes, and supports the skeleton tissue; contracts and moves various parts of the body

131
Q

Myology

A

Study of the nature, structure, function, and diseases of the muscles

132
Q

Nasal bones

A

Bones that form the bridge of the nose

133
Q

Nasal nerve

A

Nerve that affects the point and lower sides of the nose

134
Q

Nasalis muscle

A

Two – part muscle which covers the nose

135
Q

Nerve tissue

A

Tossue that controls and coordinates all body functions

136
Q

Nerves

A

Whitish cords made up of bundles of nerves fibers held together by connective tissue, through which impulses are transmitted

137
Q

Nervous system

A

Body system composed of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves; controls and coordinates all other systems and make them work harmoniously and efficiently

138
Q

Neurology

A

The scientific study of the structure, function, and pathology of the nervous system

139
Q

Neuron or nerve cell

A

The basic unit of the nervous system, consisting of a cell body, nucleus, dendrites and axon

140
Q

Nonstriated muscles

A

Also known as involuntary, visceral, or smooth muscles; function automatically, without conscious will

141
Q

Nucleoplasm

A

Fluid within the nucleus of the cell that contains proteins and DNA; determines our genetic makeup

142
Q

Nucleus

A

The Central Part, core. (1) in histology the dense, active protoplasm found in the center of a eukaryotic cell that acts as a generic control center; it plays an important role in cell reproduction and metabolism. (2) in chemistry, the center of the Atom, where protons and neutrons are located

143
Q

Occipital artery

A

Artery that supplies blood to the skin and muscles of the scalp and back of the head up to the crown

144
Q

Occipital bone

A

Hindmost bone of the skull, below the parietal bones, forms the back of the skull above the nape

145
Q

Occipitalis

A

Back of the epicranius; muscle that draws the scalp backward

146
Q

Ophthalmic nerve

A

Branch of the fifth cranial nerve that supplies the skin of the forehead, upper eyelids, and interior portion of the scalp, orbit, eyeball, and nasal passage

147
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

ring muscle of the eyesocket; closes the eyelid

148
Q

Orbicularis oris

A

Flat band around the upper and lower lids that compresses, contracts, puckers, and wrinkles the lips

149
Q

Organelle

A

Small structures or miniature organs within a cell that have their own function

150
Q

Organs

A

Structures composed of specialized tissues and performing specific functions in plants and animals

151
Q

Origin

A

Part of the muscle that does not move; it is attached to the skeleton and is usually part of skeletal muscle

152
Q

Is

A

Means bone and is used as a prefix in many medical terms, such as Osteoarthritis, a joint disease

153
Q

Osteology

A

Study of anatomy, structure, and function of the bones

154
Q

Ovaries

A

Function and sexual reproduction as well as determining male and female sexual characteristics

155
Q

Palatine bones

A

Two bones that form the hard palate of the mouth

156
Q

Pancreas

A

Secretes enzyme – producing cells that are responsible for digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. That islet of Langerhans cells within the pancreas control insulin and glucagon production

157
Q

Parasympathetic division

A

Part of the autonomic nervous system, it operates under normal non-stressful situations, such as resting. It also helps to restore calm and balance to the body after a stressful event

158
Q

Parathyroid glands

A

Regulate blood calcium and phosphorus levels so that the nervous and muscular systems can function properly

159
Q

Parietal artery

A

Artery that supplies blood to the side and crown of the head

160
Q

Parietal bones

A

Bones that form the sides and top of the cranium

161
Q

Pectoralis major and minor

A

Muscles of the chest that assist the swinging movements of the arm

162
Q

Pericardium

A

Double – Layered membranous sac enclosing the heart; made of epithelial tissue

163
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Abbreviated PNS; system of nerves and ganglia that connects the periphery parts of the body to the central nervous system; has both sensory and motor nerves

164
Q

Peristalsis

A

Moving food along the digestive track

165
Q

Phalanges (singular: phalanx)

A

Also known as digits; are the bones in the fingers, three in each finger and two in each thumb, totaling 14 bones

166
Q

Physiology

A

Study of the functions or activities performed by the body’s structures

167
Q

Pineal gland

A

A gland located in the brain. Plays a major role in sexual development, sleep, and metabolism

168
Q

Pituitary gland

A

A gland found in the center of the head. The most complex organ of the endocrine system. It affects almost every physiologic process of the body: growth, blood pressure, contractions during childbirth, breastmilk production, sexual organ functions in both women and men, thyroid gland function, and the conversion of food into energy (metabolism)

169
Q

Plasma

A

Fluid part of the blood and lymph that carries food and secretions to the cells and carbon dioxide from the cells

170
Q

Platelets

A

Also known as thrombocytes; much smaller than red blood cells; contribute to the blood clotting process, which stops bleeding

171
Q

Platysma

A

Broad muscle extending from the chest and shoulder muscles to the side of the chin; responsible for depressing the lower jaw and lip

172
Q

Posterior auricular artery

A

Artery that supplies blood to the scalp, behind and above the ear

173
Q

Posterior auricular nerve

A

Nerve that affects the muscle behind the ear at the base of the skull

174
Q

Procerus

A

Muscle that covers the bridge of the nose, depresses the eyebrows, and causes wrinkles across the bridge of the nose

175
Q

Pronators

A

Muscle that turn the hand inward so that the palm faces downward

176
Q

Protoplasm

A

Color less, jelly like substance in cells; contains food elements such as proteins, fats,, carbohydrates, mineral salts, and water

177
Q

Pulmonary circulation

A

Sends the blood from the heart to the lungs to be purified, then back to the heart again

178
Q

Radial artery

A

Artery, along the numerous branches, that supplies blood to the thumb side of the arm and the back of the hand; supplies the muscles of the skin, hands, fingers, wrist, elbow and forearm

179
Q

Radial nerve

A

Nerve that, with its branches, supplies the thumb side of the arm and back of the hand

180
Q

Radius

A

Smaller bone in the forearm on the same side as the thumb

181
Q

Red blood cells

A

Also known as red corpuscles or erythrocytes; produced in the red bone marrow; blood cells that carry oxygen from the lungs to the body cells and transport carbon dioxide from the cells back to the lungs

182
Q

Reflex

A

Automatic reaction to a stimulus that involves the movement of an impulse from the sensory receptor along the sensory nerve to the spinal cord. A responsive impulse is sent along a motor neuron to a muscle, causing a reaction (for example, the quick removal of the hand from a hot object.) Reflexes did not have to be learned, they are automatic

183
Q

Reproductive system

A

Body system that includes the ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus and vagina in the female and the testes, prostate gland, penis and urethra in the male. The system performs the function of producing offspring and passing on the genetic code from one generation to another

184
Q

Respiration

A

Process of inhaling and exhaling; the act of breathing; the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the lungs and within each cell

185
Q

Respiratory system

A

Body system consisting of the lungs and air passages; enables breathing, which supplies the body with oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide as a waste product

186
Q

Ribs

A

12 pairs of bones forming the wall of the thorax

187
Q

Risorius

A

Muscle of the mouth that draws the corner of the mouth out and back, as in grinning

188
Q

Scapula

A

Also known as shoulder blade; one of a pair of large, flat triangular bone of the shoulder

189
Q

Sensory nerves

A

Also known as afferent nerves; carry impulses or messages from the sense organs to the brain, where sensations such as touch, cold, heat, sight, hearing, taste, smell, pain, and pressure are experienced. Sensory nerve endings called receptors are located close to the surface of the skin

190
Q

Serratus anterior

A

Muscle of the chest that assist in breathing and in raising the arm

191
Q

Seventh cranial nerve

A

Also known as facial nerve; it is the chief motor nerve of the face. It emerges near the lower part of the ear and extends to the muscles of the neck

192
Q

Skeletal system

A

Physical foundation of the body, composed of the bones and movable and immovable joints

193
Q

Skin

A

External protective coating that covers the body. The body’s largest organ; acts as a barrier to protect body systems from the outside elements

194
Q

Smaller occipital nerve

A

Also known as lesser occipital nerve; located at the base of the skull, affects the scalp and muscles behind the air

195
Q

Sphenoid bone

A

Bone that joins all the bones of the cranium together

196
Q

Spinal cord

A

Portion of the central nervous system that originates in the brain, extends down to the lower extremity of the trunk, and is protected by the spinal column

197
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Abbreviated SCM; muscle of the neck that depresses and rotates the head

198
Q

Sternum

A

Also known as breast bone; the flat bone that forms the ventral support of the ribs

199
Q

Striated muscles

A

Also known as skeletal or voluntary muscles; attached to the bones and make up a large percentage of body mass; controlled by the will

200
Q

Submental artery

A

Artery that supplies blood to the chin and lower lip

201
Q

Superficial temporal artery

A

A continuation of external carotid nerve artery; artery that supplies blood to the muscles of the front, side, and top of the head

202
Q

Superior labial artery

A

Artery that supplies blood to the upper lip and region of the nose

203
Q

Supinator

A

Muscle of the forearm that rotates the radius outward and the palm upward

204
Q

Supraorbital artery

A

Artery that supplies blood to the upper eyelid and forehead

205
Q

Supraorbital nerve

A

Nerve that affects the skin of the forehead, scalp, eyebrow, and upper eyelid

206
Q

Supratrochlear nerve

A

Nerve that affects the skin between eyes and upper side of the nose

207
Q

Sympathetic division

A

Part of the autonomic nervous system that stimulates or speeds up activity and prepares the body for stressful situations, such as in running from a dangerous situation, or competing in a sports event

208
Q

Systemic or general circulation

A

Circulation of blood from the heart throughout the body and back again to the heart

209
Q

Temporal bones

A

Bones forming the sides of the head and the ear region

210
Q

Temporalis muscle

A

Temporal muscle; one of the muscles involved and mastication (chewing)

211
Q

Testes

A

Male organs which produce the male hormone testosterone

212
Q

Thorax

A

Also known as chest or pulmonary trunk; consists of the sternum, ribs, and thoracic vertebrae; elastic, bony cage that serves as a protective framework for the heart, lungs, and other internal organs

213
Q

Thyroid gland

A

A gland located in the neck; controls how quickly the body burns energy (metabolism), makes proteins, and how sensitive the body should be to other hormones

214
Q

Tibial nerve

A

Division of the sciatic nerve, passes behind the knee; subdivides and supplies impulses to the knee, the muscles of the calf, the skin of the leg, and the sole, heel, and underside of the toes

215
Q

Tissue

A

Collection of similar cells that perform a particular function

216
Q

Transverse facial artery

A

Artery that supplies blood to the skin and the masseter

217
Q

Trapezius

A

Muscle that covers the back of the neck and upper and middle region of the back; stabilizes the scapula and shrugs the shoulders

218
Q

Triceps

A

Large muscle that covers the entire back of the upper arm and extends the forearm

219
Q

Tricuspid valve

A

The heart valve that prevents backflow between the right atrium on the right ventricle

220
Q

Turbinal bones

A

Then layers of spongy bone on either of the outer walls of the nasal depression

221
Q

Ulna

A

Inner and larger bone of the forearm, attached to the wrist on the side of the little finger

222
Q

Ulnar artery

A

Artery that supplies blood to the muscle of the little finger side of the arm and palm of the hand

223
Q

Ulnar nerve

A

Sensory motor nerve that, with its branches, affects the little finger side of the arm and palm of the hand

224
Q

Valves

A

Structures that temporarily close a passage or permit flow in one direction only

225
Q

Vascular system

A

Body system consisting of the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries for the distribution of blood throughout the body

226
Q

Veins

A

Thin walled blood vessels that are less elastic arteries; they contain cuplike valves to prevent backflow and carry impure blood from the various capillaries back to the heart and lungs

227
Q

Ventricle

A

I thick walled, lower chamber of the heart that receives blood from the atrium. There is a right ventricle and a left ventricle

228
Q

Venules

A

Small vessels that connects the capillaries to the veins. They collect blood from the capillaries and drain it into veins

229
Q

Vomer bone

A

Flat, then bone that forms part of the nasal septum

230
Q

White blood cells

A

Also known as white corpuscles or leukocytes; perform the function of destroying disease causing germs

231
Q

Zygomatic bones

A

Also known as malar bones or cheekbones; bones that form the prominence of the cheeks; the cheekbones

232
Q

Zygomatic nerve

A

Nerve that affects the skin of the temple, side of the forehead, and upper part of the cheek

233
Q

Zygomaticus major and minor

A

Muscles on both sides of the face that extend from the zygomatic bone to the angle of the mouth, these muscles elevate the lip, pull the mouth upward and backward, as when you are laughing or smiling

Milady Chapter 6-anatomy (1 decks)

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