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ICT > Glossary > Flashcards

Glossary Flashcards

1
Q

110 Connector

A

Insulation displacement connector

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2
Q

66 connector

A

insulation displacement connector type

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3
Q

abandoned cable

A

installed cables and cabling that are not terminated at both ends at a connector other equipment and not identified with a tag for future use

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4
Q

ablative

A

development of a hard char that resists the erosion of fire and flames

characteristic of a firestop when exposed to fire (TIA)

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5
Q

above finished floor AFF

A

standard mounting height measured from floor surface to center line of the object

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6
Q

absolute filter

A

filter capable of collecting solid particles greater than a stated micron size

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7
Q

absorption

A

phenomenon causing attenuation of wave signals (electrical, electromagnetic, optical, acoustic) passing through a medium.

Occurs when gaseous molecules or suspended water particles in the atmosphere absorb the signal energy and convert it into heat due to molecular resonance

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8
Q

A-C- Rated Fire Retardant Plywood

A

plywood treated with a fire retardant

smooth finished A Grade side exposed for purpose of mounting equipment

Rough finished C Crade side

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9
Q

acceptance angle

A

half angle of an imaginary cone extending from the end of an optical fiber cable

incident light is totally and internally reflected within the optical fiber core

light within cone is coupled into reflected modes of the optical fiber cable

light striking the surface of the fiber at an angle greater that the acceptance angle will not enger the optical fiber cable = maximum coupling angle

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10
Q

acceptance plan

A

agreement between parties (contractor / client) that defines satisfactory completion of a project task or complete project

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11
Q

acceptance test

A

tests performed to demonstrate satisfactory completion of predetermined tasks which acceptance is dependent

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12
Q

access

A

the process of connecting to a network

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13
Q

access block

A

A single access switch or group of switches sharing one trunk, uplink, or set of redundant uplinks to the distribution layer.

Generally confined to one
telecommunications room (TR). In a large TR, it is possible to have more
than one access block.

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14
Q

access control

A

process in which access to the resources of an area or system is limited to authorized personnel, users, programs, process or other systems and denied to all othere

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15
Q

access control card

A

ID card with encoded information

when presented to card reader, identifies the holder to the access control system

allows that system to determine cardholders rights

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16
Q

access control list (ACL)

A

Database
keeps track of and controles access to network services
through assigned privileges for users and groups

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17
Q

access control mechanism

A

ID Device

assigned to individual to give that individual access rights to an access control system

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18
Q

access control system (ACS)

A

interconnected set of controllers

manage the entrance and exit of people through secure areas

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19
Q

access controller

A

see data gathering panela

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20
Q

access floor

A

system consisting of completely removable and interchangeable floor planels

supported on pedestals or stringers

allow entry to area beneath

aka raised floor

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21
Q

access group

A

superset of information

include time zones and secured doors

applied toward cardholders

information defines time of day and doors through which cardholders are granted access

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22
Q

access layer

A

point at which local end users are allowed into the network

in LAN environment - typically a switched ethernet port assigned to a virtual LAN (VLAN)

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23
Q

access parameter

A

programmed information that defines conditions that must be met to grant access to a secure area

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24
Q

access point (AP) - security

A

point of entry into a secure area

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25
Q

access point (AP) - hardware

A

standalone hardware device or computer wireless adapter w/ software that acts as a wireless communication hub for users of wireless devices to connect with each other and to bridge those devices to the cabled portion of the network.

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26
Q

access protocol

A

set of procedures

enable user to obtain services from a network

(eg. carrier sense multiple access with collission detection (CSMA/CD) and token passing for LANs)

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27
Q

access provider (AP) - Company

A

company that provides circuit path between a service provider (SP) and the client user. AP can also be the SP

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28
Q

access provider (AP) - operator

A

Operator of any facility that is used to convey telecommunications signals to and from a client premises (TIA)

see service provider

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29
Q

accreditation

A

formal process by which an agency evaluates and recognizes an institution or program as meeting certain criteria or standards

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30
Q

acrylate

A

coating applied during the optical fiber cable manufacturing process to provide physical and environmental protection for the fiber

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31
Q

active card

A

type of access card - dependent upon a card reader to provide power necessary to allow the card to transmit its data

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32
Q

active circuit

A

any circuit connected to an energized system

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33
Q

active equipment

A

energized equipment used for receiving or transmitting analog or digital signals

switches
hubs
routers
private branch exchanges

aka powered device

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34
Q

active multiplex system

A

multiplexing system in which signaling devices (transponders) are employed to transmit status signals of each initiating device or initiating device circuit within a prescribed time iinterval

lack of receipt of such a signal can be interpreted as a trouble signal

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35
Q

ad hoc network

A

peer-to-peer network characterized by communication between nodes without the need for an infrastructure.

aka independent basic service set (IBSS)

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36
Q

adapter

A

Device that enables different sizes or types of plugs to mate with one another or to fit into a telecom outlet / connector

rearrangement of leads

large optical fiber cables with numerous wires to fan out into smaller groups of wires

interconnection between fiber cables

limited voltage or polarity or direct current (dc) rectification conversion

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37
Q

adapter - optical fiber duplex

A

mechanical device designed to align and join two duplex optical fiber connectors (plugs) to form an optical fiber duplex connection (TIA)

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38
Q

addendum

A

document used to provide additional requirements / recommendations to a published document

when published, becomes a part of document that it supports

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39
Q

address

A

unique identification code asssigned to a network device that is used to associate a message with its source and destination

unique location in a computers memory or other electronic storage medium

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40
Q

addressable device

A

system component w/ a discrete ID that can have its status individually indentified or that is used to individually control other functions

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41
Q

adjacent channel interference

A

radio frequency interference (RFI) caused by residual energy outside the nominal bandwidth of an adjacent channel signal spilling into the wanted channel signal on two systems operating in close proximity on side by side channels

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42
Q

adjacent channel rejection

A

ability of a receiver to reject interference caused by a transmitter operating on an adjacent channel

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43
Q

administration

A

methodology defining the documentation requirements of a cabling system and its containment

labeling of functional elements

process by which moves, adds, changes are recorded

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44
Q

advanced encryption standard (AES)

A

National Institute of Standards and Technoloty (NIST)

secret key encryption using 128 to 256 bit keys

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45
Q

adverse condition

A

any condition occurring in a telecom channel that interferes with the proper transmission or interpretation of status change signals at the supervising station

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46
Q

aerial cable

A

telecommunication cable installed on aerial supporting structures (poles, side of building, other structures) (TIA)

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47
Q

aerial entrance

A

entrance facility where telecom cables providing service to a building are placed overhead and the entry point is located above the ground level.

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48
Q

aerial plant

A

components of aerial infrastructure

poles
stands
guys
anchors
cable
pole line hardware

telecom services between facilities

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49
Q

aerial buried plant

A

General term

All outside plant (OSP) cable runs made up of both aerial and direct buried cablesair

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50
Q

air bottle

A

portable compressed air or gas source

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51
Q

air feeder pipe

A

underground pipe that parallels cable runs and is used to supply air for pressurized telecommunications cables

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52
Q

air-pressure closure

A

splice closure that uses an applied internal air pressure to prevent water entry

internal pressure needs to be greater than external pressure caused by water pressure or other sources

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53
Q

air-sampling type detector

A

early warning smoke detector

consists of piping or tubing distribution network that runs from detector to areas being protected

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54
Q

air terminal

A

lightning strike termination device that is a point receptor for attachment of flashes to the lightning protection system

typical air terminal is formed from a tube or solid rod

aka - lightning rode

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55
Q

alarm indicator

A

device or combination of devices that respond to a signal from an alarm sensor

indicates fault or emergency situation

bell
lamp
strobe
horn
gong
buzzer

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56
Q

alarm service

A

service required following the receipt of alarm signal

organization that monitors alarm device activity and responds to signals

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57
Q

alarm signal

A

signal resulting from the activation of an alarm event

results in automatic activation of visible or audible notification

indicate immediate action required

58
Q

alarm system

A

combination of compatible initiating devices, control panels and indicating appliances designed and installed produce an alarm signal in a specifically defined event

59
Q

alert tone

A

audible attention-getting signal to inform occupants of the pending transmission of a voice message

60
Q

alien crosstalk

A

unwanted coupling of signals

into balanced twisted pair in a given copper cable

from one or more balanced twisted pairs

EXTERNAL to the given cable

61
Q

alien far-end crosstalk (AFEXT)

A

Unwanted signal coupling from a disturbing pair of a 4-pair channel, permanent link or component to a disturbed pair of another 4-pair channel, permanent link or component

measured at the FAR END`

62
Q

alien near-end crosstalk (ANEXT)

A

Unwanted signal coupling from a disturbing pair of a 4-pair channel, permanent link or component to a disturbed pair of another 4-pair channel, permanent link or component

measured at the NEAR END

63
Q

all-dielectric self-support (ADSS)

A

type of aerial fiber that is nonconductive / non-metallic and requires no messenger strand for installation

64
Q

all-threaded-rod (ATR)

A

straight section of round rod stock that has threads installed over its entire length

65
Q

alternate entrance

A

supplementary entrance facility into a building using a different routing to provide diversity of service and for assurance of service continuity

66
Q

alternate route

A

secondary communications path used to reach a destination

67
Q

alternating current (ac)

A

current flow that alternates periodically in magnitude and direction

usually sinusoidal

68
Q

alternating current equipment ground (ACEG)

A

conductor installed from equipment grounding busbar inside an electrical panel to the secondary bonding busbar (SBB) or primary bonding busbar (PBB)

69
Q

ambient intelligence

A

presence of a digital environment that is sensitive, adaptive and responsive to presence of people

improves efficiency and quality of life by creating desired atmospher and functionality

via intelligent, personallized, interconnected systems and services

70
Q

ambient sound level

A

level of acoustic noise existing at a given area

aka - background noise

objective measurement of audible sound levels in an arbitrary locationunder ambient conditions

expressed in decibels

sound level meter - measures

Defined as “root-mean-square” RMS

A-Weighted, sound pressure level measured over th eperiod of time that any person is present or a 24 hour period, whichever is less

71
Q

ambulatory care

A

examination, diagnosis, treatment and proper disposition of all categories of eligible inpatients and outpatients presenting themselves to the various ambulatory care specialty or subspecialty clinics

72
Q

ambulatory care clinic

A

entity or unit of a medical or dental treatment facility that is organized and staffed to provide medical treatment in a particular specialty or subspecialty and holds regular hours in a designated place

73
Q

American Institute of Architects - AIA

A

Organization providing resources, education and networking for architects

74
Q

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

A

Private, nonprofit membership organization focused on meeting the standards and conformity assessment requirements of its diverse constituency

neutral forum for development of consensus agreements on issues relevant to voluntary standardization

US Representative to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

through the US National Committee to the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)

75
Q

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

A

US Federal Law

Enacted in 1990

guarantees equal civil rights for people with disabilities

ensure individuals with disabilities have access to or may use public entities and government buildings

affect telecom cabling, infrastructure, design and installation

public telephone height
visual and audible signaling

76
Q

Americans with Disabilitie Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG)

A

Set of guidelines

define specific method for ADA compliance

when undertaking construction

First published in 1991

77
Q

American Wire Gauge (AWG)

A

system used to specify wire size

greater the wire diameter, smaller the AWG

78
Q

ampacity

A

The current -

measured in Amperes (A)

that a Conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating

79
Q

Ampere (A)

A

Unit of measurement

Rate of electron flow or current in an electrical conductor

Ohm’s Law - one A is equal to the current produced by one Volt (V) flowing through a resistance of one ohm.

80
Q

amplifier

A

device that increases the voltage, current or power of a signal

81
Q

amplitude

A

maximum absolute value reached by a voltage or current waveform

82
Q

Amplitude Modulation (AM)

A

Modulation in which the amplitude of a carrier wave is varied in accordance with some characteristic of the modulating signal

83
Q

analog signal

A

signal in the form of a wave that uses continuous variations of a physical characteristic over time

e.g.
voltage amplitude, frequency

to transmit information

84
Q

anchor

A

device attached to piece of equipment or structure used to fasten other materials or equipment and securely hold them in place

in OSP environment - device made up of a single plate or series of flat plates and combined with a rod having a connecting ee

85
Q

anchor rod

A

In OSP environment -
portion of an anchor assembly that extends above the anchor plate below ground level to a point above ground level

86
Q

angled physical contact (APC)

A

optical fiber connector -

polished at an angle of 8 to 10 degrees

reduce risk of back-reflection of the signal

Some high-performance singlemode systems (high-bandwidth analog video systems, passive optical networks) require a low level of back-reflection (-55 db or better) to perform correctly

87
Q

annular space

A

ring of space between a penetrating element such as a cable, conduit or other building services and the fire-rated barrier

88
Q

annunciator

A

unit containing device in which each indication provides status information about a circuit, condition or location.

examples -
one or more indicator lamps
alphanumeric displays

89
Q

antenna

A

conductive structure specifically designed to couple or radiate electromagnetic energy

in radio frequency (RF) systems, the antenna may be used to both transmit and receive electro magnetic energy

90
Q

antenna array (including panel)

A

antenna made up of a number of elements

including an active or driven element, reflector and director

array antennae may be narrowband or broadband and are used in all frequency bands

91
Q

antenna gain

A

1) the capability of an antenna to direct signal energy in a particular direction, increasing the effective range of the antenna in the given direction at the expense of range in other directions

2) ratio of power required at the input of a loss-free reference antenna to the power supplied to the input of the given antenna to produce in a given direction the same field strength at the same distance

usually expressed in decibels relative to an isotropic radiator (dBi) or half wavelength dipole reference (dBd)

92
Q

aperture size

A

1) effective capture area of an antenna.
Used in connection with microwave horn antennae and waveguides.

2) the physical size of the opening in a camera lens expressed as f-stops

93
Q

apparatus

A

finished combination of devices intended to be placed on the market as a single commercial unit

94
Q

apparent power

A

product of the root mean square of voltage and current

magnitude of the vector sum of real and reactive power

95
Q

application address

A

address used principally by an operating system to uniquely identify each software process running on a device

96
Q

application layer

A

The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Reference Model Layer -
responsible for providing mechanisms that enable software applications on different systems to use the services of a network to exchange information

See Layer 7

97
Q

application programming interface form (API)

A

Set of routines, functions and protocols that accomplish a specific task or interact with a specific software component

May come in the form of a libarary that includes specifications for routines, data structures, object classes and variables

98
Q

application software

A

software used to perform a specific task

word processing
spreadsheet analysis
database management

99
Q

application specific

A

type of communication cabling installed to meet the requirements of a specific systems or applicationa

100
Q

approved

A

official consent of AHJ

101
Q

approved ground

A

grounding source approved by AHJ

102
Q

aramid yarn

A

material with exceptional tensile strength and coefficient of thermal expansion near that of class

used in optical fiber cable to provide support and additional protection of the buffered fiber strands

103
Q

arbitration

A

1) method of negotiation used in resolving disputes between parties

2) process of determining the order in which devices will gain access to a resource (IEEE)

104
Q

architectural assemblies

A

walls, partitions or other barriers that are not load bearing

105
Q

architectural drawing

A

graphical representation of a building space or object to convey design information for construction

106
Q

architectural, mechanical, electrical, structural (AMES)

A

drawings for architectural, mechanical, electrical structuralar

107
Q

architectural structures

A

walls, floors, ceilings, roofs, that are load bearing

108
Q

archive

A

long term collection and storage of data, records or info

109
Q

area distribution facility (ADF)

A

campus distribution facility - see

110
Q

armoring

A

method for protecting communication cables against damage

corrugated steel
fiber reinforced polymer rods
steel wire
glass yarns

outer sheath of the cable

111
Q

array connector

A

single ferrule connector - contains multiple optical fibers arranged in a row or in rows and columns

aka - multifiber connector

112
Q

array fiber

A

optical fiber cable with multiple fiber strands formed together by encasing the fibers into 12-fiber horizontal array units

offers high-fiber density ideal for mass fusion splicing or quick termination

aka - fiber ribbon cable

113
Q

asbestos

A

fibrous silicate mineral substance

building materials, gaskets, fireproof safes, bearings, electrical wiring insulation

Carcinogenic

114
Q

as-built

A

documentation of material work performed

115
Q

asset

A

employee, contractor or any physical, technological or intellectual possession

116
Q

asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL)

A

digital service

designed to provide high data transfer rates over traditional telephone cable

asymmetric refers to different speeds for uplink and downlink traffic

digital subscriber line (DSL)

117
Q

asymmetric full-duplex

A

transmission process

allows transmitting / receiving information at different rates on the same path

118
Q

asynchronous signaling

A

form of signaling

each data character is coded as a string of bits

bits are separated by start character and stop character bits

signaling not synchronized to a network clock

refer to isochronous signaling, synchronous signaling and synchronous transmission

119
Q

attachment

A

1) one or more files connected to and sent with an email message

2) the connection of one device to another

3) the physical connection of a communication, to a pole or an underground conduit

120
Q

attenuation

A

The decrease in magnitude or the power loss of a signal that propagates between points

expressed in decibels

ratio of received signal to transmitted signal

aka - Insertion loss

121
Q

attenuation-to-crosstalk ratio (ACR)

A

Ratio obtained by subtracting insertion loss (attenuation) from near end crosstalk (NEXT)

measured in decibels

Stated at a given frequency

122
Q

attenuation-to-crosstalk ratio, far-end (ACRF)

A

Crosstalk measured at the opposite end from which the distributing signal is transmitted, normalized by the attenuation contribution of the optical fiber cable or cabling.

123
Q

attenuator

A

Device - used for reducing the energy magnitude of a wave without introducing distortion.

Normally a combination of fixed or adjustable resistances.

124
Q

audible signal

A

a sound made by one or more audible notification appliances in response to the operation of any manual or automatic electronic device

(bells, horns, speakers)

125
Q

audio frequency (AF)

A

Band of frequencies - 20 Hz to 20 kHz

when transmitted as acoustic waves can be heard by normal human ear

126
Q

audit trail

A

sequential record

accounts for all activities of a system, device or process

allows for analysis of events over given time period.

127
Q

aught

A

colloquial term for zero

128
Q

authentication

A

security mechanism that confirms the identity of a user or process being implemeted

129
Q

authority having jurisdiction (AHJ)

A

building official
electrical inspector
fire marshal

or other individual or entities responsible for interpretation and enforcement of local building and electrical codes

130
Q

authorization

A

Process - establish and enforce network activities permitted for a given user or device.

131
Q

authorization level

A

security rating

must be met before access to a secure area can be granted

different areas have different ratings

range of levels

132
Q

authorized service provider (ASP)

A

3rd party cleared to work on a product still under warranty by another company without voiding the warranty

133
Q

automatic extinguishing system supervisory device

A

Device - responds to abnormal conditions that could affect the proper operation of an automatic sprinkler system or other fire extinguishing system or suppression system,

including
control valves,
pressure levels,
liquid agent levels and temperatures,
pump power and running,
engine temperature and overspeed
and room temperature.

134
Q

auxiliary box

A

Fire Alarm Box - operated only from one or more remote actuating devices

135
Q

auxiliary disconnect outlet (ADO)

A

device usually located within the tenant or living unit used to terminate the ADO cable or backbone cable

136
Q

auxiliary disconnect outlet (ADO) cable

A

Residential - cable from auxiliary telecommunications disconnects outlet or the distribution device in a client’s premises to the backbone facility or the point of demarcation

137
Q

availability

A

1) measure of network’s operation (up time) or absence of operating failure (downtime) during a given period of time.

2) probability that a system or component is operating at a specified time.

3) ratio of the total time a system or component is functional divided by the length of the time interval for which availability is being determined.

138
Q

average ambient sound level

A

The root mean square (rms), A-Weighted, sound pressure level measured over a 24-hour period

139
Q

average power (PA)

A

The sustainable or usable portion of electrical energy in an alternating current.

For sinusoidal signal, it is the peak power (PP) multiplied by .707

140
Q

A-weighted Decibel (dBA)

A

see decibel, A-weighted.

141
Q
A

ICT (31 decks)

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