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Hartman Nursing Assistant Care 6e > Glossary > Flashcards

Glossary Flashcards

All Vocab from the back of the book glossary

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1
Q

Abdominal Thrusts

A

A method of attempting to remove an object from the airway of someone who is choking.

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2
Q

Abduction

A

Moving a body part away from the midline of the body.

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3
Q

Abrasion

A

An injury that rubs off the surface of the skin.

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4
Q

Absorption

A

The transfer of nutrients from the intestines to the cells.

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5
Q

Abuse

A

Purposeful mistreatment that causes physical, mental, or emotional pain or injury to someone.

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6
Q

ADLs

A

(Activites of Daily Living) daily personal care tasks, such as bathing; dressing ; caring for the skin, nails, hair, and teeth; eating; drinking; walking; transferring; and elimination.

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7
Q

Acute Care

A

24-hour skilled care given in hospitals and ambulatory surgical centers for people who require short-term, immediate care for illnesses and injuries.

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8
Q

Adduction

A

Moving a body part toward the midline of the body.

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9
Q

Adult Day Services

A

care for people who need some help during certain hours, but who do not live in the facility where care is given.

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10
Q

Advance Directives

A

legal documents that allow people to choose what medical care they wish to have if they are unable to make those decisions themselves.

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11
Q

Affected Side

A

a side of the body that is weakened due to a stroke or injury; also called “weaker” or “involved” side.

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12
Q

Ageism

A

prejudice toward, stereotyping, of, and/or discrimination against older persons or the elderly.

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13
Q

Alzheimer’s Disease

A

a progressive, incurable disease that causes tangled nerve fibers and protein deposits to form in the brain, which eventually cause dementia.

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14
Q

Ambulation

A

walking.

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15
Q

Ambulatory

A

capable of walking.

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16
Q

Amputation

A

the surgical removal of some or all of a body part, usually a hand, arm, leg, or foot.

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17
Q

Angina

A

chest pain, pressure, or discomfort.

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18
Q

Anxiety

A

uneasiness, worry, or fear, often about a situation or condition.

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19
Q

Apathy

A

a lack of interest in activities.

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20
Q

Aspiration

A

the inhalation of food, fluid, or foreign material into the lungs.

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21
Q

Assault

A

a threat to a person, resulting in the person feeling fearful that he will be harmed.

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22
Q

Assisted Living

A

residences for people who do not need 24-hour skilled care, but do require some help with daily living.

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23
Q

Assistive Devices

A

special equipment that helps a person who is ill or disabled to perform activities of daily living.

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24
Q

Atrophy

A

the wasting away, decreasing in size, and weakening of muscles from lack of use.

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25
Q

Autoimmune Illness

A

an illness in which the body’s immune system attacks normal tissue in the body.

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26
Q

Battery

A

the intentional touching of a person without their consent.

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27
Q

Bias

A

prejudice.

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28
Q

Bipolar Disorder

A

a mental health disorder that causes a person to swing from periods of deep depression (a depressive episode) to periods of extreme activity (a manic episode).

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29
Q

Bloodborne Pathogens

A

microorganisms found in human blood, body fluid, draining wounds, and mucous membranes that can cause infections and disease in humans.

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30
Q

Body Mechanics

A

the way the parts of the body work together when a person moves.

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31
Q

Bony Prominences

A

areas of the body where the bone lies close to the skin.

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32
Q

Brachial Pulse

A

the pulse located inside the elbow, about 1 to 1 1/2 inches above the elbow.

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33
Q

CPR

A

(Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) medical procedures used when a person’s heart or lungs have stopped working.

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34
Q

Care Plan

A

a plan developed for each resident to achieve certain goals; it outlines the steps and tasks that the care team must perform.

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35
Q

Catastrophic Reaction

A

reacting to something in an unreasonable, exaggerated way.

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36
Q

Catheter

A

a thin tube inserted into the body to drain or inject fluids.

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37
Q

Causative Agent

A

a pathogenic microorganism that causes disease.

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38
Q

CDC

A

(Center for Disease Control and Prevention) a federal government agency that issues guidelines to protect the health of individuals and communities.

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39
Q

CVA

A

(Cerebrovascular Accident) a condition that occurs when blood supply to a part of the brain is blocked or a blood vessel leaks or ruptures within the brain; also called a stroke.

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40
Q

Chain of Command

A

the line of authority within a facility.

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41
Q

Chain of Infection

A

way of describing how disease is transmitted from one human being to another.

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42
Q

Charting

A

documenting information and observations about residents.

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43
Q

Cheyna-Stokes

A

alternating periods of slow, irregular breathing and rapid, shallow breathing, along with periods of not breathing.

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44
Q

Chronic

A

long-term or long-lasting.

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45
Q

Cite

A

in a long-term care facility, to document a problem through a survey.

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46
Q

Clean

A

in health care, a condition in which objects are not contaminated with pathogens.

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47
Q
A
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48
Q

Clean-Catch Specimen

A

a urine specimen that does not include the first and last urine voided; also called midstream specimen.

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49
Q

Cliches

A

phrases that are used over and over again and do not really mean anything.

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50
Q

Closed Bed

A

a bed completely made with the bedspread and blankets in place.

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51
Q

C. Diff; C. Difficile

A

(Clostridioides difficile) a bacterium that is spread by spores in feces that are difficult to kill; it causes symptoms such as diarrhea and nausea and can lead to serious inflammation of the colon.

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52
Q

Cognition

A

the ability to think logically and clearly.

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53
Q

Cognitive

A

related to thinking and learning.

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54
Q

CBT

A

(Cognitive Behavioral Therapy) a type of psychotherapy that is often used to treat anxiety disorders and depression and focuses on skills and solutions that a person can use to modify negative thinking and behavior patterns.

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55
Q

Cognitive Impairment

A

the loss of ability to think logically and clearly.

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56
Q

Combative

A

violent or hostile.

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57
Q

Combustion

A

the process of burning.

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58
Q

Communication

A

the process of exchanging information with others by sending and receiving messages.

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59
Q

Compassionate

A

being cared, concerned, considerate, empathetic, and understanding.

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60
Q

Condom Catheter

A

a type of urinary catheter that has an attachment on the end that fits onto the penis; also called Texas catheter.

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61
Q

Confidentiality

A

the legal and ethical principle of keeping information private.

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62
Q

Confusion

A

the inability to think logically and clearly.

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63
Q

Conscientious

A

guided by a sense of right and wrong; principled.

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64
Q

Conscious

A

the state of being mentally alert and having awareness of surroundings, sensations, and thoughts.

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65
Q

Constipation

A

the inability to eliminate stool, or the infrequent, difficult, and often painful elimination of hard, dry stool.

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66
Q

Constrict

A

to narrow.

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67
Q

Contracture

A

the permanent and often painful shortening of a muscle or tendon, usually due to a lack of activity.

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68
Q

COVID-19

A

a droplet and airborne disease transmitted through droplets and particles produced by an infected person; often characterized by respiratory symptoms and capable of progressing to serve symptoms, even death, especially in people who are older, have underlying health conditions, or are unvaccinated.

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69
Q

Cultural Diversity

A

the different groups of people with varied backgrounds and experiences who live together in the world.

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70
Q

Culture

A

a system of learned beliefs and behaviors that is practiced by a group of people and is often passed on from one generation to the next.

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71
Q

Cyanotic

A

blue or gray, in reference to skin color.

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72
Q

Dangle

A

to sit up with the legs hanging over the side of the bed in order to regain balance and stabilize blood pressure.

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73
Q

Defense Mechanisms

A

unconscious behaviors used to release tension or cope with stress.

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74
Q

Dehydration

A

a serious condition that results from inadequate fluid in the body.

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75
Q

Delirium

A

a state of severe confusion that occurs suddenly and is usually temporary.

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76
Q

Delusions

A

persistent false beliefs.

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77
Q

Dementia

A

the serious loss of mental abilities, such as thinking, remembering, reasoning, and communicating.

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78
Q

Dentures

A

artificial teeth.

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79
Q

Depression

A

a mental health disorder that causes pain, fatigue, apathy, sadness, irritability, anxiety, sleeplessness, and loss of appetite, as well, as other symptoms; also called Major Depressive Disorder.

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80
Q

Developmental Disabilities

A

disabilities that are present at birth or emerge during childhood up to age 22 that restrict physical and/or mental ability.

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81
Q

Diabetes

A

a condition in which the pancreas produces no insulin, too little insulin or does not properly use insulin.

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82
Q

DKA

A

(Diabetic Ketoacidosis) a complication of diabetes that is caused by having too little insulin in the body.

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83
Q

Diagnoses

A

medical conditions determined by a doctor.

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84
Q

Diastolic

A

the second measurement of blood pressure; phase when the heart relaxes or rests.

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85
Q

Digestion

A

the process of preparing food physically and chemically so that it can absorbed into the cells.

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86
Q

Dilate

A

to widen.

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87
Q

Direct Contact

A

a way of transmitting pathogens through touching the infected person or his secretions.

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88
Q

Dirty

A

in health care, a condition in which objects have been contaminated by pathogens.

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89
Q

Disinfection

A

a process that destroys most, but not all, pathogens; it reduces the pathogen count to a level that is considered not infectious.

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90
Q

Disorientation

A

confusion about person, place, or time.

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91
Q

Disposable

A

only to be used once and then discarded.

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92
Q

Disposable Razor

A

a type of razor that is discarded in a biohazard container after one use; requires the use of shaving cream or soap.

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93
Q

Diuretics

A

medications that reduce fluid volume in the body.

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94
Q

Doff

A

to remove.

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95
Q

Domestic Violence

A

physical, sexual, or emotional abuse by spouses, intimate partners, or family members.

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96
Q

Don

A

to put on

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97
Q

DNR

A

(Do Not Resuscitate) a medical order that instructs medical professionals not to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the event of a cardiac or respiratory arrest.

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98
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

bending backward.

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99
Q

Draw Sheet

A

an extra sheet placed on top of the bottom sheet; used for moving residents in bed.

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100
Q

Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care

A

a signed, dated, and witnessed legal document that appoints someone else to make the medical decisions for a person in the event she becomes unable to do so.

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101
Q

Dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing.

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102
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficulty breathing.

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103
Q

Edema

A

swelling caused by excess fluid in body tissues.

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104
Q

Electric Razor

A

a type of razor that runs on electricity; does not require the use of soap or shaving cream.

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105
Q

Elimination

A

the process of expelling wastes that are not absorbed into the cells.

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106
Q

Elope

A

in medicine, when a person with Alzheimer’s disease wanders away from a protected area and does not return.

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107
Q

Embolism

A

an obstruction of a blood vessel, usually by blood clot.

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108
Q

Emesis

A

the act of vomiting, or ejecting stomach contents through the mouth and/or nose.

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109
Q

Emotional Liability

A

inappropriate or unprovoked emotional responses, including laughing, crying, and anger.

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110
Q

Empathy

A

identifying with the feelings of others.

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111
Q

Enema

A

a specific amount of water, with or without an additive, that is introduced into the colon to stimulate the elimination of stool.

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112
Q

Ergonomics

A

the science of designing equipment, areas, and work tasks to make them safer and to suit the worker’s abilities.

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113
Q

Ethics

A

the knowledge of right and wrong.

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114
Q

Ethnicity

A

one aspect of a person’s identity, often reflecting a combination of race, culture, language, nationality, and other factors.

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115
Q

Expiration

A

the process of exhaling air out of the lungs.

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116
Q

Expressive Aphasia

A

trouble communicating thought through speech or writing.

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117
Q

Extension

A

straightening a body part.

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118
Q

False Imprisonment

A

the unlawful restraint of someone that affects the person’s freedom of movement; includes both the threat of being physically restrained and actually being physically restrained.

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119
Q

Fecal Incontinence

A

the inability to control the bowels, leading to a involuntary passage of stool.

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120
Q

Financial Abuse

A

the improper or illegal use of a person’s money, possessions, property, or other assets.

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121
Q

First Aid

A

emergency care given immediately to an injured person by the first people to respond to an emergency.

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122
Q

flammable

A

easily ignited and capable of burning quickly.

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123
Q

Flexion

A

bending a body part.

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124
Q

Fluid Balance

A

taking in and eliminating equal amounts of fluid.

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125
Q

Fluid Overload

A

a condition that occurs when the body cannot handle the amount of fluid consumed.

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126
Q

Foot Drop

A

a weakness of muscles in the feet and ankles that causes problems with the ability to flex and the ankles and walk normally.

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127
Q

Fowler’s

A

semi-sitting position in which a person’s head and shoulders are elevated 45 to 60 degrees.

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128
Q

Fracture

A

a broken bone.

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129
Q

Fracture Pan

A

A bedpan that is flatter than a regular bedpan.

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130
Q

FWB

A

(Full Weight Bearing) a doctor’s order stating that a person has the ability to support full body weight (100%) on both legs.

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131
Q

Gait

A

manner of walking

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132
Q

Gastrostomy

A

a surgically created opening into the stomach in order to insert a tube.

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133
Q

GAD

A

(Generalized Anxiety Disorder) an anxiety disorder that is characterized by chronic anxiety and worry, even when there is no cause for these feelings.

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134
Q

Gestational Diabetes

A

type of diabetes that appears in pregnant women who have never had diabetes before but who have high glucose levels during pregnancy.

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135
Q

Glands

A

organs that produce and secrete chemicals called hormones.

136
Q

Glucose

A

natural sugar.

137
Q

Gonads

A

sex glands

138
Q

Grief

A

deep distress or sorrow over a loss.

139
Q

Grooming

A

practices to care for oneself, such as caring for fingernails and hair.

140
Q

Hallucinations

A

false or distorted sensory perceptions.

141
Q

Hand Hygiene

A

washing hands with soap and water and using alcohol-based hand rubs.

142
Q

Hat

A

in health care, a collection container that can be inserted into a toilet bowl to collect and measure urine or stool.

143
Q

HAI

A

(Healthcare-Associated Infection) an infection acquired within a healthcare setting during the delivery of medical care.

144
Q

HIPAA

A

(Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) a federal law that requires health information be kept private and secure and that organizations take special steps to protect this information.

145
Q

Hemiparesis

A

weakness on one side of the body.

146
Q

Hemiplegia

A

paralysis on one side of the body.

147
Q

Hepatitis

A

inflammation of the liver caused by certain viruses and other factors, such as alcohol abuse, some medications, and trauma.

148
Q

Hoarding

A

collecting and putting things away in a guarded manner.

149
Q

Holistic Care

A

type of care that involves caring for the whole person - the mind as well as the body.

150
Q

Home Health Care

A

health care that is provided in a person’s home.

151
Q

Homeostasis

A

the condition in which all of the body’s systems are working at their best.

152
Q

Hormones

A

chemical substances created by the body that control numerous body functions.

153
Q

Hospice Care

A

holistic, compassionate care given to people who have approx six months or less to live.

154
Q

Hygiene

A

practices that keep bodies clean and healthy.

155
Q

HTN

A

(Hypertension) high blood pressure, regularly measuring 130/80 mmHg or higher.

156
Q

Impairment

A

a loss of function or ability.

157
Q

Incident

A

an accident, problem, or unexpected event during the course of care that is not part of the normal routine in a healthcare facility.

158
Q

Incontinence

A

the inability to control the bladder or bowels.

159
Q

Indirect Contact

A

a way of transmitting pathogens from touching an object contaminated by the infected person.

160
Q

Indwelling Catheter

A

a type of urinary catheter that remains inside the bladder for a period of time; also called Foley catheter.

161
Q

Infection

A

the state resulting from pathogens invading the body and multiplying.

162
Q

Infection Prevention

A

the set of methods practiced in healthcare facilities to prevent and control the spread of disease.

163
Q

Infectious

A

contagious

164
Q

Inflammation

A

swelling

165
Q

Informed Consent

A

the process in which a person, with the help of a doctor, makes informed decisions about their healthcare.

166
Q

Input

A

the fluid a person consumes; also called intake.

167
Q

Inspiration

A

The process of inhaling air into the lungs.

168
Q

Insulin

A

a hormone that works to move glucose from the blood and into the cells for energy for the body.

169
Q

Insulin Reaction

A

a complication of diabetes that can result from either too much insulin or too little food; also known as Hypoglycemia.

170
Q

Intake

A

the fluid a person consumes; also called input.

171
Q

IV

A

(Intravenous Therapy) the delivery of medication, nutrition, or fluids through a person’s vein.

172
Q

Involuntary Seclusion

A

the separation of a person from others against their will.

173
Q

Involved Side

A

a side of the body that is weakened due to a stroke or injury; also called weaker or affected side.

174
Q

Lateral

A

body position in which a person is lying on either side.

175
Q

Laws

A

rules set by the government to help people live peacefully together and to ensure safety.

176
Q

Length of Stay

A

the number of days a person stays in a healthcare facility.

177
Q

Liability

A

a legal term that means someone can be held responsible for harming someone else.

178
Q

Living Will

A

a document that outlines the medical care a person wants, or does not want, in case she becomes unable to make those decisions.

179
Q

Localized Infection

A

an infection that is limited to a specific location in the body and has local symptoms.

180
Q

Logrolling

A

moving a person as a unit without disturbing the alignment of the body.

181
Q

LTC

A

(Long-Term Care) care given in long-term care facilities for people who need 24-hour skilled care.

182
Q

Malpractice

A

injury to a person due to professional misconduct through negligence, carelessness, or lack of skill.

183
Q

Masturbation

A

to touch or rub sexual organs in order to give oneself or another sexual pleasure.

184
Q

Medicaid

A

a medical assistance program for people who have a low income, as well as for people with disabilities.

185
Q

Medical Asepsis

A

measures used to reduce and prevent the spread of pathogens.

186
Q

Medicare

A

a federal health insurance program for people who are 65 or older, have certain disabilities or permanent kidney failure, or are ill and cannot work.

187
Q

Menopause

A

the end of menstruation; occurs when a woman has not had menstrual period for 12 months.

188
Q

Mental Health

A

the normal functioning of emotional and intellectual abilities.

189
Q

Mental Health Disorder

A

a disorder that affects a person’s ability to function and often causes inappropriate behavior; confusion, disorientation, agitation, and anxiety are common symptoms.

190
Q

Metabolism

A

physical and chemical processes by which substances are broken down or transformed into energy or products for use by the body.

191
Q

MO

A

(Microorganism) a living thing or organism that is so small that it can be seen only under a microscope; also called microbe.

192
Q

MDS

A

(Minimum Data Set) a detailed form with guidelines for assessing residents in long-term care facilities.

193
Q

Mode of Transmission

A

how a pathogen travels.

194
Q

Modified Diets

A

diets for people who have certain illnesses, condition, or food allergies, also called special or therapeutic diets.

195
Q

MRSA

A

(Methicillin-resistant Staphylococus Aureus) bacteria that have developed resistance to the antibiotic Methicillin.

196
Q

Mucous Membranes

A

the membranes that line body cavities that open to the outside of the body, such as the lining of the mouth, nose, eyes, rectum, or genitals.

197
Q

MI

A

(Myocardial Infarction) a condition that occurs when the heart muscle does not receive enough oxygen because blood flow to the heart is blocked; also called heart attack.

198
Q

Nasogastric Tube

A

a feeding tube that is inserted into the nose and goes to the stomach.

199
Q

Neglect

A

the failure to provide needed care that results in physical, mental, or emotional harm to a person.

200
Q

Nonintact Skin

A

skin that is broken by abrasions, cuts, rashes, pimples, lesions, surgical incisions, or boils.

201
Q

Nonverbal Communication

A

communication that does not use words.

202
Q

NWB

A

(Non-Weight Bearing) a doctor’s order stating that a person is unable to touch the floor or support any body weight on one or both legs.

203
Q

NPO

A

abbreviation meaning “nothing by mouth”.; medical order that means a person should not have anything to eat or drink.

204
Q

Nutrient

A

A necessary substance that provides energy, promotes growth and health, and helps regulate metabolism.

205
Q

Nutrition

A

How the body uses food to maintain health.

206
Q

Objective Information

A

information based on what a person sees, hears, touches, or smells; also called signs.

207
Q

OCD

A

(Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder) a mental health disorder characterized by obsessive behavior or thoughts, which may cause the person to repeatedly perform a behavior or routine.

208
Q

Obstructed Airway

A

a condition in which something is blocking the tube through which air enters the lungs.

209
Q

OSHA

A

(Occupational Safety and Health Administration) a federal government agency that makes rules to protect workers from hazards on the job.

210
Q

Occupied Bed

A

a bed made while a person is in bed.

211
Q

Ombudsman

A

a legal advocate for residents in long-term care facilities who helps resolve disputes and settle conflicts.

212
Q

OBRA

A

(Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act) a federal law that includes minimum standards fro nursing assistant training, staffing requirements, resident assessment instructions, and information on rights for residents.

213
Q

Open Bed

A

a bed made with linen folded down to the foot of the bed.

214
Q

Opposition

A

touching the thumb to any other finger.

215
Q

Oral Care

A

care of the mouth, teeth, and gums.

216
Q

Orthotic Device

A

a device that helps support and align a limb and improve its functioning; also called orthosis.

217
Q

Osteoporosis

A

a disease that causes bones to become porous and brittle, causing them to break easily.

218
Q

Ostomy

A

a surgically created opening from an area inside the body to the outside.

219
Q

Outpatient Care

A

Care given to people who have had treatments, procedures, or surgeries and need short-term skilled care.

220
Q

Output

A

all fluid that is eliminated from the body; includes urine, feces, vomitus, perspiration, moisture that is exhaled in the air, and wound drainage.

221
Q

Oxygen Therapy

A

the administration of oxygen to increase the supply of oxygen to the lungs.

222
Q

Pacing

A

Walking back and forth in the same area.

223
Q

Palliative Care

A

care given to people who have serious diseases or who are dying that emphasizes relieving pain, controlling symptoms, and preventing side effects.

224
Q

Panic Disorder

A

a disorder characterized by a person having regular panic attacks or living with constant anxiety about having another attack.

225
Q

Paraplegia

A

the loss of function of the lower body and legs.

226
Q

PN

A

(Parenteral Nutrition) the intravenous infusion of nutrients administered directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system.

227
Q

Partial Bath

A

a bath given on days when a complete bath or shower is not done; includes washing the face, hands, underarms, and perineum.

228
Q

PWB

A

(Partial Weight-Bearing) a doctor’s order stating that a person is able to support some body weight on one or both legs.

229
Q

Pathogens

A

microorganisms that are capable of causing infection and disease.

230
Q

Pediculosis

A

an infestation of lice

231
Q

PEG

A

(Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy) a feeding tube that is placed into the stomach through the abdominal wall.

232
Q

Perineal Care

A

care of the genital and anal area.

233
Q

Perineum

A

the genital and anal area.

234
Q

Perseveration

A

the repetition of words, phrases, questions, or actions.

235
Q

Personal

A

relating to life outside one’s job, such as family, friends, and home life.

236
Q

PPE

A

(Personal Protective Equipment) equipment that helps protect employees from serious workplace injuries or illnesses resulting from contact with workplace hazards.

237
Q

Person-centered Care

A

a type of care that places the emphasis on the person needing care and individuality and capabilities.

238
Q

Phantom Limb Pain

A

pain in a limb (or extremity) that has been amputated.

239
Q

Phantom Sensations

A

warmth, itching, or tingling in a body part that has been amputated.

240
Q

Phobia

A

an intense, irrational fear of or anxiety about an object, place, or situation.

241
Q

Physical Abuse

A

any treatment, intentional or not, that causes harm to a person’s body.

242
Q

Physiological Needs

A

needs that relate to the processes and activities that keep living things alive.

243
Q

Policy

A

a course of action that should be taken every time a certain situation occurs.

244
Q

Portable Commode

A

a chair with a toilet seat and a removable container underneath that is used for elimination; also called bedside commode.

245
Q

Portal of Entry

A

any body opening on an uninfected person that allows pathogens to enter.

246
Q

Portal of Exit

A

any body opening on an infected person that allows pathogens to leave.

247
Q

Positioning

A

the act of helping people into positions that promote comfort and health.

248
Q

Postmortem Care

A

care of the body after death

249
Q

PTSD

A

(Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder) a mental health disorder caused by experiencing or witnessing a traumatic experience.

250
Q

Posture

A

the way a person holds and positions his body.

251
Q

Prediabetes

A

a condition that occurs when a person’s blood glucose levels are above normal but are not high enough for a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.

252
Q

Pressure Injuries

A

injuries or wounds that result from skin deterioration and shearing; also called pressure ulcers, pressure sores, bed sores, or decubitus ulcers.

253
Q

Pressure Points

A

areas of the body that bear much of the body weight.

254
Q

Procedure

A

a method or way of doing something.

255
Q

Professional

A

having to do with work or a job.

256
Q

Professionalism

A

the act of behaving properly when working.

257
Q

Pronation

A

turning downward.

258
Q

Prone

A

a body position in which a person is lying on his stomach, or front side of the body.

259
Q

Prosthesis

A

a device that replaces a body part that is missing or deformed because of an accident, injury, illness, or birth defect.

260
Q

PHI

A

(Protected Health Information) a person’s private health information, which includes name, address, telephone number, social security number, email address, and medical record number.

261
Q

Psychological Abuse

A

emotional harm caused by threatening, scaring, humiliating,intimidating, isolating, or insulting a person, or by treating an adult as a child.

262
Q

Psychosocial Needs

A

needs that involve social interactions, emotions, intellect, and spirituality.

263
Q

Psychotherapy

A

a method of treating mental health disorders that involves talking about one’s problems with mental health professionals.

264
Q

Puree

A

to blend or grind food into a thick paste of baby food consistency.

265
Q

Quadriplegia

A

loss of function of legs, trunk, and arms.

266
Q

Race

A

grouping of people based on physical characteristics shared by people with common ancestry.

267
Q

Radial Pulse

A

the pulse located on the inside of the wrist, where the radial artery runs just beneath the skin.

268
Q

ROM

A

(Range of Motion) exercises that put a joint through its full arc of motion.

269
Q

Receptive Aphasia

A

difficulty understanding spoken or written words.

270
Q

Rehabilitation

A

care that is given by specialists to help restore or improve function after an illness or injury.

271
Q

Reproduce

A

to create a new human life.

272
Q

Reservoir

A

a place where a pathogen lives and multiplies.

273
Q

Resident’s Rights

A

numerous rights identified in OBRA that relate to how residents must be treated while living in a facility; they provided an ethical code of conduct for healthcare workers.

274
Q

Respiration

A

the process of inhaling air into the lungs and exhaling air out of the lungs.

275
Q

Restorative Care

A

care given after rehabilitation to maintain a person’s function, improve his quality of life, and increase his independence.

276
Q

Restraint

A

a physical or chemical way to restrict voluntary movement or behavior.

277
Q

Restraint Alternatives

A

measures used in place of a restraint or that reduce the need for a restraint.

278
Q

Restraint-free Care

A

an environment in which restraints are not kept or used for any reason.

279
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis

A

a type of arthritis in which joints become red, swollen, and very painful, resulting in restricted movement and possible deformities.

280
Q

Rotation

A

turning a joint.

281
Q

Routine Urine Specimen

A

a urine specimen that can be collected any time a person voids.

282
Q

Rummaging

A

going through drawers, closets, or personal items that belong to oneself or others.

283
Q

Safety Razor

A

a type of razor that has a sharp blade with a special safety casing to help prevent cuts; requires the use of shaving cream or soap.

284
Q

Scalds

A

burns caused by hot liquids.

285
Q

Schizophrenia

A

a type of psychotic disorder that causes problems with thinking, communication, and the ability to manage emotions, make decisions, and understand reality.

286
Q

Scope of Practice

A

the range of tasks that healthcare providers are legally allowed to do according to state or federal law.

287
Q

Sexual Abuse

A

nonconsensual sexual contact of any type.

288
Q

Sexual Harassment

A

any unwelcome sexual advance or behavior that creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive working environment.

289
Q

Sharps

A

needles or other sharp objects.

290
Q

Shearing

A

rubbing or friction that results from the skin moving one way and the bone underneath it remaining fixed or moving in the opposite direction.

291
Q

Shock

A

a condition that occurs when organs and tissues in the body do not receive an adequate blood supply.

292
Q

Sims’

A

a body position in which a person is lying on his left side with the upper knee flexed and raised toward the chest.

293
Q

Skilled Care

A

medically necessary care given by a skilled nurse or therapist.

294
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder

A

a disorder in which a person has anxiety about social situations.

295
Q

Special Diets

A

diets for people who have certain illnesses, conditions, or food allergies; also called modified or therapeutic diets.

296
Q

Specimen

A

a sample that is used for analysis in order to try to make a diagnosis.

297
Q

Sputum

A

thick mucus coughed up from the lungs.

298
Q

Standard Precautions

A

a method of infection prevention in which all blood, body fluids, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes are treated as if they were infected with an infectious disease.

299
Q

Sterilization

A

a cleaning measure that destroys all microorganisms, including pathogens.

300
Q

Stoma

A

an artificial opening of the body.

301
Q

Straight Catheter

A

a type of urinary catheter that is removed immediately after urine is drained or collected.

302
Q

Stress

A

the state of being frightened, excited, confused, in danger, or irritated.

303
Q

Stressor

A

something that causes stress.

304
Q

Subacute Care

A

care given in hospitals or in long-term care facilities for people who need less care than for an acute illness, but more care than for a chronic illness.

305
Q

Subjective Information

A

information that a person cannot or did not observe, but is based on something reported to the person that may or may not be true; also called symptoms.

306
Q

Substance Abuse

A

the repeated use of legal or illegal substances in a way that is harmful to oneself or others.

307
Q

Sundowning

A

becoming restless and agitated in the late afternoon, evening, or night.

308
Q

Supination

A

turning upward.

309
Q

Supine

A

a body position in which a person lies flat on his back.

310
Q

Surgical Asepsis

A

the state of being completely free of all microorganisms; also called sterile technique.

311
Q

Susceptible Host

A

an uninfected person who could get sick.

312
Q

Sympathy

A

sharing in the feelings and difficulties of others.

313
Q

Syncope

A

loss of consciousness; also called fainting.

314
Q

Systemic Infection

A

an infection that travels through the bloodstream and is spread throughout the body, causing general symptoms.

315
Q

Systolic

A

the first measurement of blood pressure; phase when the heart is at work, contracting and pushing the blood out of the left ventricle of the heart.

316
Q

Tactful

A

showing sensitivity and having a sense of what is appropriate when dealing with others.

317
Q

Terminal Illness

A

a disease or condition that will eventually cause death.

318
Q

Therapeutic Diets

A

diets for people who have certain illnesses, conditions, or food allergies; also called modified or special diets.

319
Q

Transfer Belt

A

a belt made of canvas or other heavy material that is used to help people who are weak, unsteady, or uncoordinated to transfer.

320
Q

TIA

A

(Transient Ischemic Attack) a warning sign of a CVA/stroke resulting from a temporary lack of oxygen in the brain; symptoms may last up to 24 hours.

321
Q

Transmission

A

passage or transfer

322
Q

Transmission-Based Precautions

A

method of infection prevention used when caring for persons who are infected or may be infected with certain infectious diseases.

323
Q

Trauma-Informed Care

A

an approach to patient care that recognizes that people may have experienced trauma in their lives and that their trauma, experiences, and preferences should be considered while providing care.

324
Q

TB

A

(Tuberculosis) a highly contagious disease caused by bacterium that is carried on mucous droplets suspended in the air; usually affects the lungs and causes coughing, trouble breathing, weight loss, and fatigue.

325
Q

Tumor

A

a cluster of abnormally growing cells.

326
Q

Unoccupied Bed

A

a bed made while no person is in the bed.

327
Q

Urinary Catheter

A

a type of catheter that is used to drain urine from the bladder.

328
Q

Urinary Incontinence

A

the inability to control the bladder, which leads to an involuntary loss of urine.

329
Q

Validating

A

giving value to or approving.

330
Q

Verbal Abuse

A

the use of spoken or written words, pictures, or gestures that threaten, embarrass, or insult a person.

331
Q

Verbal Communication

A

communication involving the use of spoken or written words or sounds.

332
Q

Vital Signs

A

measurements - temperature, pulse, respirations, and blood pressure - that monitor the functioning of the vital organs of the body.

333
Q

Voids

A

urinates

334
Q

VRE

A

(Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus) bacteria (enterococci) that have developed resistance to antibiotic vancomycin

335
Q

Wandering

A

walking aimlessly around the facility or facility grounds.

336
Q

Workplace Violence

A

verbal, physical, or sexual abuse of staff by other staff members, residents, or visitors.

Hartman Nursing Assistant Care 6e (5 decks)

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