Glossary Flashcards
Abstraction
To take a relatively complex system and simplify it for our use
Address bus
Connects the CPU to the MCC and sends over the location of the data, but not the data itself
Algorithm
A series of steps that solves specific problems
Android
A mobile operating system based on Linux
Application
A computer program designed for a specific use
ASCII
The oldest character encoding standard used is ASCII. It represents the English alphabet, digits, and punctuation marks
ATA
The most common interface that hard drives use to connect to our system
ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended)
The most common form factor for motherboards
Backward compatible
It means older hardware works with newer hardware numeral system
Binary system
The communication that a computer uses is referred to as binary system, also known as base-2 numeral system
Bios (Basic Input Output Services)
The BIOS is software that helps initialize the hardware in our computer and gets our operating system up and running
BIOS/UEFI
A low-level software that initializes our computer’s hardware to make sure everything is good to go
Block storage
It improves faster handling of data because the data isn’t stored in one long piece but in blocks, so it can be accessed more quickly
Boot
To start up a computer
Bootloader
A small program that loads the operating system
BYOD (Bring Your Own Device)
Refers to the practice of allowing people to use their own personal devices for work
Byte
A group of 8 bits
Cache
The assigned stored location for recently or frequently accessed data; on a mobile app it is where anything that was changed or created with that app is stored
Character encoding
Is used to assign our binary values to characters so that we as humans can read them
Charge cycle
One full charge and discharge of a battery
Chipset
It decides how components talk to each other on our machine
Chrome OS
A Linux-based operating system designed by Google
Clock cycle
When you send a voltage to the clock wire
Clock speed
The maximum number of clock cycles that it can handle in a set in a certain time period
Clock wire
When you send or receive data, it sends a voltage to that clock wire to let the CPU know it can start doing calculations
Command Line Interface (CLI)
A shell that uses text commands to interact with the operating system
Computer
A device that stores and processes data by performing calculations
Computer file
Data that we store and a file can be anything, a word document, a picture, a song, literally anything
CPU
Central processing unit
CPU sockets
A CPU socket is a series of pins that connect a CPU’s processor to the PC’s motherboard
Cryptography
The overarching discipline that covers the practice of coding and hiding messages from third parties
Decimal form- base 10 system
In the decimal system, there are 10 possible numbers you can use ranging from zero to nine
Digital divide
The growing skills gap between people with and without digital literacy skills
Information technology
The use of digital technology, like computers and the internet, to store and process data
into useful information
Linux OS
Linux is one of the largest open source operating systems used heavily in business infrastructure and in the consumer space
Logic gates
Allow transistors to do more complex tasks, like decide where to send electrical signals depending on logical conditions
Open source
This means the developers will let other developers share, modify, and distribute their software for free
PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)
Allows computing to go mobile
Punch cards
A sequence of cards with holes in them to automatically perform calculations instead of manually entering them by hand
RGB model
RGB or red, green, and blue model is the basic model of representing colors
UTF-8
The most prevalent encoding standard used today
Qwiklabs
An online platform which provides training in cloud services
Data sizes
Metrics that refer to data sizes including bit, byte, kilobyte, kibibyte, and megabyte
DDR SDRAM (Double Data Rate SDRAM)
A type of RAM that is faster, takes up less power, and has a larger capacity than earlier SDRAM versions
Desktop
The main screen where we can navigate our files, folders, and applications
DIMM
Dual Inline Memory Module
Display port
Port which also outputs audio and video
VPN (Virtual private network)
A secure method of connecting a device to a private network over the internet
Virtual memory
A combination of hard drive space and RAM that acts like memory which our processes can use
Time slice
A very short interval of time that gets allocated to a process for CPU execution
UEFI
Unified Extensible Firmware Interface
Virtual machine (VM)
An application that uses physical resources like memory, CPU and storage, but they offer the added benefit of running multiple operating systems at once
Virtual Box
An application you can use to install Linux and have it completely isolated from your machine
User space
The aspect of an operating system that humans interact with directly like programs, such as text editors, music players, system settings, user interfaces, etc.
User name
A unique identifier for a user account
Ubuntu
The most popular Linux consumer distribution
USB-C adapter
One of the standard power, data and display connector types used in mobile devices
USB (Universal Serial Bus)
A connection standard for connecting peripherals to devices such as computers
