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IT - course 1 > Glossary > Flashcards

Glossary Flashcards

1
Q

Abstraction

A

To take a relatively complex system and simplify it for our use

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2
Q

Address bus

A

Connects the CPU to the MCC and sends over the location of the data, but not the data itself

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3
Q

Algorithm

A

A series of steps that solves specific problems

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4
Q

Android

A

A mobile operating system based on Linux

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5
Q

Application

A

A computer program designed for a specific use

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6
Q

ASCII

A

The oldest character encoding standard used is ASCII. It represents the English alphabet, digits, and punctuation marks

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7
Q

ATA

A

The most common interface that hard drives use to connect to our system

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8
Q

ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended)

A

The most common form factor for motherboards

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9
Q

Backward compatible

A

It means older hardware works with newer hardware numeral system

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10
Q

Binary system

A

The communication that a computer uses is referred to as binary system, also known as base-2 numeral system

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11
Q

Bios (Basic Input Output Services)

A

The BIOS is software that helps initialize the hardware in our computer and gets our operating system up and running

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12
Q

BIOS/UEFI

A

A low-level software that initializes our computer’s hardware to make sure everything is good to go

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13
Q

Block storage

A

It improves faster handling of data because the data isn’t stored in one long piece but in blocks, so it can be accessed more quickly

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14
Q

Boot

A

To start up a computer

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15
Q

Bootloader

A

A small program that loads the operating system

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16
Q

BYOD (Bring Your Own Device)

A

Refers to the practice of allowing people to use their own personal devices for work

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17
Q

Byte

A

A group of 8 bits

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18
Q

Cache

A

The assigned stored location for recently or frequently accessed data; on a mobile app it is where anything that was changed or created with that app is stored

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19
Q

Character encoding

A

Is used to assign our binary values to characters so that we as humans can read them

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20
Q

Charge cycle

A

One full charge and discharge of a battery

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21
Q

Chipset

A

It decides how components talk to each other on our machine

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22
Q

Chrome OS

A

A Linux-based operating system designed by Google

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23
Q

Clock cycle

A

When you send a voltage to the clock wire

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24
Q

Clock speed

A

The maximum number of clock cycles that it can handle in a set in a certain time period

25
Q

Clock wire

A

When you send or receive data, it sends a voltage to that clock wire to let the CPU know it can start doing calculations

26
Q

Command Line Interface (CLI)

A

A shell that uses text commands to interact with the operating system

27
Q

Computer

A

A device that stores and processes data by performing calculations

28
Q

Computer file

A

Data that we store and a file can be anything, a word document, a picture, a song, literally anything

29
Q

CPU

A

Central processing unit

30
Q

CPU sockets

A

A CPU socket is a series of pins that connect a CPU’s processor to the PC’s motherboard

31
Q

Cryptography

A

The overarching discipline that covers the practice of coding and hiding messages from third parties

32
Q

Decimal form- base 10 system

A

In the decimal system, there are 10 possible numbers you can use ranging from zero to nine

33
Q

Digital divide

A

The growing skills gap between people with and without digital literacy skills

34
Q

Information technology

A

The use of digital technology, like computers and the internet, to store and process data
into useful information

35
Q

Linux OS

A

Linux is one of the largest open source operating systems used heavily in business infrastructure and in the consumer space

36
Q

Logic gates

A

Allow transistors to do more complex tasks, like decide where to send electrical signals depending on logical conditions

37
Q

Open source

A

This means the developers will let other developers share, modify, and distribute their software for free

38
Q

PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)

A

Allows computing to go mobile

39
Q

Punch cards

A

A sequence of cards with holes in them to automatically perform calculations instead of manually entering them by hand

40
Q

RGB model

A

RGB or red, green, and blue model is the basic model of representing colors

41
Q

UTF-8

A

The most prevalent encoding standard used today

42
Q

Qwiklabs

A

An online platform which provides training in cloud services

43
Q

Data sizes

A

Metrics that refer to data sizes including bit, byte, kilobyte, kibibyte, and megabyte

44
Q

DDR SDRAM (Double Data Rate SDRAM)

A

A type of RAM that is faster, takes up less power, and has a larger capacity than earlier SDRAM versions

45
Q

Desktop

A

The main screen where we can navigate our files, folders, and applications

46
Q

DIMM

A

Dual Inline Memory Module

47
Q

Display port

A

Port which also outputs audio and video

48
Q

VPN (Virtual private network)

A

A secure method of connecting a device to a private network over the internet

49
Q

Virtual memory

A

A combination of hard drive space and RAM that acts like memory which our processes can use

50
Q

Time slice

A

A very short interval of time that gets allocated to a process for CPU execution

51
Q

UEFI

A

Unified Extensible Firmware Interface

52
Q

Virtual machine (VM)

A

An application that uses physical resources like memory, CPU and storage, but they offer the added benefit of running multiple operating systems at once

53
Q

Virtual Box

A

An application you can use to install Linux and have it completely isolated from your machine

54
Q

User space

A

The aspect of an operating system that humans interact with directly like programs, such as text editors, music players, system settings, user interfaces, etc.

55
Q

User name

A

A unique identifier for a user account

56
Q

Ubuntu

A

The most popular Linux consumer distribution

57
Q

USB-C adapter

A

One of the standard power, data and display connector types used in mobile devices

58
Q

USB (Universal Serial Bus)

A

A connection standard for connecting peripherals to devices such as computers

59
Q
A

IT - course 1 (8 decks)

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