glossary Flashcards
ion
is a positively charged or negatively charged particle that loses or gains electrons to get a full outer shell
Proton
a tiny particle that exists in the nucleus of every atom and has a positive electrical charge
Electron-
A tiny particle that has a negative electrical charge and travels around the nucleus of an atom
Neutron-
a tiny particle of matter that has no electrical charge and is part of the nucleus of all atoms except hydrogen
Valence shell
-outer shell in an atom
Atomic number-
the number of protons
Mass number-
the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom
Isotope-
Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons
AMU
atomic mass units
Group-
going down, show valency shells and charges
Period
go across, shows the amount of shells
Cation
A positively charged ion that lost electrons
Anion
A negatively charged ion that has gained electrons
Halogen-
ny of the six nonmetallic elements that constitute Group 17 (Group VIIa) of the periodic table.
Transition Metals
middle of the periodic table-are the table of all living elements
Alkali metals-
row 1
Noble gas
-row 18
Delocalised electrons-
an electron in an atom, ion, or molecule that is not connected to a single atom or covalent bond
Metallic bonding-
between a pure metal or a group of mentals
Electrostatic forces-
The electrostatic force is an attractive and repulsive force between particles are caused due to their electric charges.
Ionic bonding-
a metal and an non metal
Covalent bonding
two nonmetals bonded together
Lattice
a repeating pattern of cations and anions
Lewis dot diagram
bonds between atoms showing valence electrons
Polyatomic ion
-ions that consist of more than one atom
Double bond-
2 bonds
Relative formula mass-
the sum of the relative atomic masses of the atoms
