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Legal Terminology English-Spanish > Glossary > Flashcards

Glossary Flashcards

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1
Q

abstract (summary)

A

n. resumen, sumario, extracto

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2
Q

accessory (assistant in a crime)

A

n. accesorio

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3
Q

accomplice (assistant in a crime)

A

n. cómplice

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4
Q

accusation (written charge)

A

n. acusación, denuncia

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5
Q

accused (defendant)

A

n. acusado

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6
Q

acquit (to decide as innocent, let free)

A

v. absolver, exogenar, exculpar

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7
Q

acquittal (clearing of a person from a charge;

finding the defendant not guilty)

A

n. absolución

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8
Q

action (lawsuit)

A

n. acción, proceso, acto

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9
Q

addict (someone who is addicted to drugs)

A

n. adicto

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10
Q

adjudicate (to judge)

A

v. ajudicar

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11
Q

adjudication (deciding of a case through

judicial or administrative hearing)

A

n. adjudicación

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12
Q

admissible (acceptable)

A

adj. admisible, aceptable

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13
Q

admission (disclosure of adverse facts)

A

n. admisión, confesión

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14
Q

adoption (legal process establishing a parental
relationship between adoptive parent and child
born of other parents)

A

n. adopción

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15
Q

advisement of rights (making a person aware of

their rights)

A

n. notificación de derechos

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16
Q

affidavit (official sworn statement)

A

n. declaración jurada, testimonio

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17
Q

affidavit of prejudice (sworn statement alleging

a potential judge is biased)

A

n. declaración jurada de prejuicio

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18
Q

agreement (mutual promises)

A

n. acuerdo, convenio

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19
Q

aid and abet (to assist in a crime)

A

v. ser

cómplice de, ayudar

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20
Q

alibi (defendant’s story of innocence when a

crime is committed, allegedly by another)

A

n. coartada, alibí

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21
Q

alien (foreign-born immigrant who is not

naturalized)

A

n. extranjero

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22
Q

alimony (support payment to divorced spouse)

A

n. pensión alimenticia

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23
Q

allegation (statement of fact the party intends to

prove)

A

n. alegación

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24
Q

alleged (asserted as a true fact, but not yet

proven)

A

adj. alegado

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25
Q

amend (to revise)

A

v. enmendar

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26
Q

amendment (modification of a document)

A

n. enmienda

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27
Q

answer (defendant’s formal document setting

out defense in a civil case)

A

n. contestación a la

demanda

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28
Q

appeal (a review of a case by a higher court); (to file a case in a higher court)

A

n.; v. apelación

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29
Q

appearance (party’s presence in court)

A

n. comparecencia

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30
Q

arbitration (judging of a dispute)

A

n. arbitraje

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31
Q

arraign (to formally advise defendant of the

charges at an initial court appearance)

A

v. acusar

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32
Q

arraignment (legal procedure to advise
defendant of the charges; initial court
appearance)

A

n. acusación, denuncia

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33
Q

arrest (law enforcement’s taking of a suspect

into formal custody)

A

n. arresto

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34
Q

arson (beginning a criminal fire)

A

n. incendio intencional

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35
Q

assault (attack on another person)

A

n. ataque, agresión

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36
Q

assault, aggravated (higher degree of assault)

A

n. asalto más grave, ataque agravado

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37
Q

assault with a deadly weapon (attacking a
person with a weapon that could potentially take
a life)

A

n. asalto con arma mortífera

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38
Q

assignee (counsel assigned to defendant)

A

n. apoderado, cesionario

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39
Q

at issue (in question; the issue being addressed)

A

adj. en cuestión, de lo que se está hablando

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40
Q

attest (to affirm under oath)

A

v. deposición, atestación

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41
Q

attorney (legal representative)

A

n. abogado, consejero, procurador

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42
Q

attorney of record (the person who has been
recorded in the case file as the counsel for that
case)

A

n. abogado que consta

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43
Q

authenticate (verify as authentic)

A

v. autentificar

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44
Q 
auto tampering (to interfere or meddle with 
another’s automobile)
A

n. hacer modificaciones fraudulentas a un auto

45
Q

bail (money or property given as security for the

release of a defendant awaiting trial)

A

n. fianza, caución

46
Q 
bail bondsman (person responsible hired to 
enforce the conditions of bail)
A

n. persona responsible de hacer cumplir las condiciones de la fianza

47
Q 
bail forfeiture (losing the money spent on bail 
because defendant violates the conditions of the 
bail)
A

n. pérdida del dinero usado para fianza por

haberse violado las condiciones de la fianza

48
Q

bail review (official reconsideration of bail)

A

n. revisión de fianza

49
Q

bailiff (officer of the court)

A

n. alguacil

50
Q

bankruptcy (legal declaration of one’s inability

to pay debts)

A

n. bancarrota, quiebra

51
Q

battery (physical attack on another person)

A

n. agresión

52
Q

battery, spousal (physical attack on one’s

spouse)

A

n. agresión contra la pareja

53
Q

bench (judge or court)

A

n. banco, tribunal

54
Q

bias (prejudice)

A

n. parcialidad, predisposición, prejuicio

55
Q 
body attachment (official attachment of 
document to case file)
A

n. anexo oficial de un documento al archivo

56
Q

bond (certificate of debt redeemable by court if

defendant fails to appear in court)

A

n. bono, obligación

57
Q 
booking number (identification number for 
case of person under arrest)
A

n. número del caso o del arrestado

58
Q

brandishing a weapon (carrying a weapon in a

threatening manner)

A

n. llevar un arma en forma amenazadora

59
Q

breaking and entering (illegally entering a

building)

A

n. allanamiento de morada

60
Q

breathalyzer (breath test for alcohol)

A

n. análisis de aliento

61
Q

bribe (an illegal offer of money, property or

services for another service)

A

n. soborno, mordida

62
Q

brief (written summary of case)

A

n. alegato, resumen

63
Q

burden of proof (legal requirement of

prosecution to prove the guilt of defendant)

A

n. obligación de prueba

64
Q

burglary (theft, stealing)

A

n. robo, hurto

65
Q

calendar, court (official scheduling calendar for
a particular court, usually scheduled by the court
clerk)

A

n. lista de pleitos, calendario judicial

66
Q

capital punishment (death penalty)

A

n. pena capital

67
Q

case (criminal or civil lawsuit)

A

n. caso, pleito

68
Q

case of action (criminal or civil lawsuit)

A

n. denuncia criminal o civil

69
Q

causation (a causing, something producing an

effect)

A

n. causativo, causante

70
Q

certified (verified as authentic or accurate)
; (in possession of an official certificate which
identifies that its holder is qualified or
professional)

A

adj. certificado, titulado

71
Q

chain of custody (order of parental relationships

to child)

A

n. cadena de custodia, resumen del

orden de las relaciones de los padres al hijo

72
Q

challenge (to object to the qualifications of a

potential jury)

A

v. poner objeción, recusación

73
Q

challenge for a cause (party’s challenge to

disqualify a potential juror)

A

n. recusación para

causa

74
Q

chambers (judge’s office)

A

n. cámara, sala

75
Q

charge (accusation; indictment)

A

n. acusación

76
Q 
child support (monetary responsibility to 
support child)
A

n. manutención de niño

77
Q

circumstances, aggravating (fact or situation
which increases the degree of liability or
responsibility for a criminal act)

A

n. circunstancias agravantes

78
Q

circumstances, mitigating (fact or situation
which does not justify or excuse an offense, but
does reduce the degree of liability or
responsibility and may also reduce the damages
[civil] or punishment [criminal])

A

n. circunstancias mitigantes

79
Q

citation (official notice to appear in court,

especially in traffic court); (notation of legal authority)

A

n. citación, cita; n. notación de

autoridad legal

80
Q 
civil action (legal action relating to money or 
property)
A

n. juicio civil

81
Q

claim (legal demand, complaint)

A

n. demanda

82
Q

clerk (court official, judge’s administrative

assistant)

A

n. secretario del tribunal, oficial del

juzgado

83
Q

collateral (property pledged to secure a debt,

e.g. bail)

A

n. resguardo, seguridad colateral

84
Q

commissioner (public official with authority
over court room in initial appearances before
going to trial)

A

n. comisario, comisionado

85
Q

commit (to institutionalize, e.g. to a mental

hospital); (to perpetuate, e.g. a crime)

A

v. internar (ej. en un hospital mental); v. cometer (ej. un crimen)

86
Q

competency (legal capacity to stand trial)

A

n. aptitud, capacidad

87
Q

complaint (written statement initiating a

criminal or civil action)

A

n. demanda, escrito de agravios

88
Q

comply (to act as directed or ordered)

A

v. cumplir, obedecer

89
Q

composite drawing (drawing of a suspect made
by a police artist, based on the description from
a witness)

A

n. dibujo hablado

90
Q

confession (admission of guilt)

A

n. confesión

91
Q

confiscate (governmental seizure of property)

A

v. confiscar

92
Q

conflict of interest (reason a party to the case
might be too personally involved to provide
objective services)

A

n. conflicto de interés

93
Q

consideration (benefit to promisor or detriment

to promise)

A

n. consideración

94
Q

conspiracy (an unlawful plot, a plan to do

something illegal)

A

n. conspiración

95
Q 
constitutional right (a freedom guaranteed by 
the Constitution)
A

n. derecho constitucional

96
Q

contempt of court (acting against the rules of

the court)

A

n. desacato al tribunal, rebeldía

97
Q

continuance (rescheduling a legal proceeding

for a later date)

A

n. aplazamiento, continuación

98
Q

convict (an individual who has been found
guilty and incarcerated); (to find a
defendant guilty of a crime)

A

n.convicto; v. condenar

99
Q

conviction (finding of guilt in a criminal case)

A

n. convicción, fallo de culpabilidad

100
Q

coroner (public officer who determines the

cause of death)

A

n. médico forense

101
Q

corroborate (to verify)

A

v. corroborar, verificar

102
Q

counsel (lawyer, legal representation); (to advise)

A

n. abogado; v. aconsejar

103
Q

count (a numbered charge)

A

n. cargo

104
Q

counterclaim (lawsuit by respondent in

response to initial lawsuit in a civil case)

A

n. contrademanda

105
Q

counterfeit (to falsify)

A

v. falsificación

106
Q

counterfeiting (falsifying)

A

n. falsificando

107
Q 
county jail (temporary place of incarceration 
until suspect released, put into prison, etc.)
A

n. cárcel del condado

108
Q

court (place where trials and legal proceedings

occur)

A

n. tribunal, corte

Legal Terminology English-Spanish (1 decks)

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