Glomerulonephritis Flashcards
what do mesangial cells do?
contract and relax to change to surface area of the glomerusous
Where are the targets for glomerulonephrits injury? (5)
mesangial cells BM epithelial cells endothelial cells vasculature
What are the 6 clincal presentations of glomerulonephritis?
1 -HTN 2 -Haematuria 3 -Renal impairment 4 -Nephrotic syndrome 5 -Nephritic Syndrome 6 -Rapidly Progressing GN
What is Nephrotic Syndrome?
Low serum albumin
proteinuria
hyperlipidaemia
oedema
What is Nephritic syndrome?
Oliguria
Hypertension haematuria
Name 5 Glomerulonephrits
Minimal change disease Membranous GN IgA RPGN Diabetic nephropathy
In IgA nephropathy where in the glomerulous is affected?
the mesangium
What are the clinical features of IgA nephropathy?
Haematuria
Proteinuria
Hypertension
Renal impairment
What is the most common primary glomerularnephritis?
IgA nephropathy
What diseases can cause IgA nephropathy?
HSP, cirhosis coeliac disease.
What is HSP?
Henoch Schonlein Purpura. A vasculitis which mainly affects children. Causes a palpable purpura, GI disturbance, arthritis and GN
What are the clinical features of membranous Glomerulonephritis?
Proteinuria
Nephrotic Syndrome
Hypertension
Renal impairment
What are the causes of membranous GN?
Tumours drugs (gold), infection SLE idiopathic
What is the prognosis for patients with membranous GN?
1/3 resolve
1/3 persist and similar function
1/3 deteriorate
What treatments can be used in memebranous GN?
Cyclophosphamide, Azathioprine and Rituximab
What are patients on monoclonal antibodies at a higher risk of?
cancers esp. lymphoma of CSF
What are the causes of Rapidly Progressing Glomerularnephritides? (5)
Goodpasture syndrome
Wegeners Granulomatosis
Lupus
Polyarteritis nodosa
What is Goodpastures Syndrome?
An autoimmune disease in which anti-GBM Ab are produced
What are the clinical features of goodpastures syndrome?
Haematuria
Proteinuria
Hypertension
Renal Impairment
What is the pathological process in Wegeners Granulomatosis?
Necrotising Vasculitis
What are the complicationf of Wegeners Granulomatosis?
Nasal Symtoms - bleeding, stuffiness
Pulmoary haemorhages
RPGN
What is the antibody found in the diagnosis of Wegeners Granulomatosis?
c ANCA
What is the most common Glomerulonephritis in children
Minimal change disease
What symptoms are shown in a patient with Minimal change glomerulonephritis?
Nephrotic syndrome
