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Nephrology > Glomerulonephritis > Flashcards

Glomerulonephritis Flashcards

1
Q

what do mesangial cells do?

A

contract and relax to change to surface area of the glomerusous

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2
Q

Where are the targets for glomerulonephrits injury? (5)

A 
mesangial cells
BM
epithelial cells
endothelial cells
vasculature
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3
Q

What are the 6 clincal presentations of glomerulonephritis?

A 
1 -HTN
2 -Haematuria
3 -Renal impairment
4 -Nephrotic syndrome
5 -Nephritic Syndrome
6 -Rapidly Progressing GN
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4
Q

What is Nephrotic Syndrome?

A

Low serum albumin
proteinuria
hyperlipidaemia
oedema

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5
Q

What is Nephritic syndrome?

A

Oliguria

Hypertension haematuria

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6
Q

Name 5 Glomerulonephrits

A 
Minimal change disease
Membranous GN
IgA 
RPGN
Diabetic nephropathy
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7
Q

In IgA nephropathy where in the glomerulous is affected?

A

the mesangium

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8
Q

What are the clinical features of IgA nephropathy?

A

Haematuria
Proteinuria
Hypertension
Renal impairment

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9
Q

What is the most common primary glomerularnephritis?

A

IgA nephropathy

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10
Q

What diseases can cause IgA nephropathy?

A

HSP, cirhosis coeliac disease.

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11
Q

What is HSP?

A

Henoch Schonlein Purpura. A vasculitis which mainly affects children. Causes a palpable purpura, GI disturbance, arthritis and GN

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12
Q

What are the clinical features of membranous Glomerulonephritis?

A

Proteinuria
Nephrotic Syndrome
Hypertension
Renal impairment

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13
Q

What are the causes of membranous GN?

A 
Tumours
 drugs (gold), 
infection
SLE
idiopathic
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14
Q

What is the prognosis for patients with membranous GN?

A

1/3 resolve
1/3 persist and similar function
1/3 deteriorate

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15
Q

What treatments can be used in memebranous GN?

A

Cyclophosphamide, Azathioprine and Rituximab

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16
Q

What are patients on monoclonal antibodies at a higher risk of?

A

cancers esp. lymphoma of CSF

17
Q

What are the causes of Rapidly Progressing Glomerularnephritides? (5)

A

Goodpasture syndrome
Wegeners Granulomatosis
Lupus
Polyarteritis nodosa

18
Q

What is Goodpastures Syndrome?

A

An autoimmune disease in which anti-GBM Ab are produced

19
Q

What are the clinical features of goodpastures syndrome?

A

Haematuria
Proteinuria
Hypertension
Renal Impairment

20
Q

What is the pathological process in Wegeners Granulomatosis?

A

Necrotising Vasculitis

21
Q

What are the complicationf of Wegeners Granulomatosis?

A

Nasal Symtoms - bleeding, stuffiness
Pulmoary haemorhages
RPGN

22
Q

What is the antibody found in the diagnosis of Wegeners Granulomatosis?

A

c ANCA

23
Q

What is the most common Glomerulonephritis in children

A

Minimal change disease

24
Q

What symptoms are shown in a patient with Minimal change glomerulonephritis?

A

Nephrotic syndrome

Nephrology (13 decks)

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