Glomerulonephritis

Question 1

glomerulonephritis

Answer 1

inflammation of the glomerulus and nephron

Question 2

types of glomerulonephritis

Answer 2

minimal change disease
focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 
membranous glomerulonephritis 
IgA nephropathy
Post-strep glomerulonephritis
Goodpasture Syndrome 
systemic illness

Question 3

signs

Answer 3

nephrotic syndrome
hyperlipidaemia
hyper coagulable
prone to infections

Question 4

investigations

Answer 4

urinalysis
bloods
CXR
renal biopsy

Question 5

minimal change disease and its management

Answer 5

most common in children

nephrotic syndrome

electron microscopy: Fusion of podocytes and effacement (flattening) of foot processes

responds well to steroids
cyclophosphamide

Question 6

focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and its management

Answer 6

most common in adults
HIV is a cause

nephrotic syndrome

electron microscopy: effacement (flattening) of foot processes

steroids and immunosuppressants

Question 7

membranous nephropathy and its management

Answer 7

idiopathic
secondary to malignancy

electron microscopy: immune complex deposition and a spike and dome pattern

ACEI or ARB
steroids

Question 8

what common systemic conditions cause

Answer 8

Diabetes
SLE
amyloidosis

Question 9

complications

Answer 9

thromboembolism
hyperlipidaemia
increase risk of infection
CKD