glomerulonephritis Flashcards
what is nephritic syndrome and what are the features of it
collection of symptoms with inflammatory underlying cause - PHAROH proteinuria haematuria azotaemia (uraemia) RBC casts oliguria hypertension
what is nephrotic syndrome and what are the features of it
collection of symptoms with no specific underlying cause - PHHHO proteinuria >3g/day hypalbuminaemia hyperlipidaemia hypercholesterolemia oedema
what types of glomerulonephritis are nephritic
IgA nephropathy
Anti-GBM/goodpasture
post-streptococcal
rapidly progressive
what types of glomerulonephritis are nephrotic
minimal change disease
membranous nephropathy - most common
focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
membranoproliferative
how is most glomerulonephritis treated
blood pressure control with ARB, ACEi
immunosuppression
what is IgA nephropathy
IgA deposits in BM with mesangial proliferation
can have purpuric rash
nephritic
what is anti-GBM/goodpasture glomerulonephritis
anti-GBM attack basement membrane in the kidneys and lungs
renal failure + haemoptysis
nephritic
what is a differential diagnosis for renal failure + haemoptysis
polyangiitis with granulomatosis/wegener’s
ANCA associated disease
what is rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
crescentic glomerulonephritis on biopsy
acute presentation of nephritis
nephritic
what is post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
happens 10-21 days after infection - usually tonsillitis or impetigo usually under 30s IgG deposits treat with antibiotics nephritic
what is minimal change glomerulonephritis
common in kids
sudden onset oedema
give prednisolone
what is membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
immune complex deposits in BM
what is focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
scarring and sclerosis of glomerulus
high steroid resistance
what is membranous nephropathy
most common nephrotic GN
IgG and complement deposits in BM
secondary to malignancy, rheumatic diseases, NSAIDs
bimodal peak in 60s and 20s
how can you diagnose a specific type of glomerulonephritis
by renal biopsy
