Glomerulnephritis Etc

Question 0

Ureteral pain

Answer 0

Usually obstruction

Question 1

Renal pain common location

Answer 1

Ipsilateral CVA, can radiate to balls or labia

Question 2

Vesical pain

Answer 2

Acute urinary retention causes severe supra pubic discomfort

Question 3

Prostatic pain

Answer 3

A/w inflammation and usu located in perineum

Question 4

Initial hematuria

Answer 4

Usually urethral source

Question 5

Terminal hematuria

Answer 5

Usually bladder neck or prostate

Question 6

Gross hematuria

Answer 6

Malignancy until proven otherwise

Question 7

Penile pain

Answer 7

Usually STI

Question 8

Testicular pain

Answer 8

Torsion or epididymitis

Question 9

Classic signs of obstruction

Answer 9

Nocturia
Hesitancy
Post void dribble

Question 10

Urgency

Answer 10

Irritative and obstructive

Question 11

Dysuria

Answer 11

Irritative

Question 12

Most common electrolyte abnormality in hospitalized pts

Answer 12

Hyponatremia

Question 13

Hyponatremia, euvolemia

Answer 13

SIADH

DOC: demeclocycline

Question 14

Hypertonic hyponatremia

Answer 14

Most commonly seen with hyperglycemia

Question 15

Dilute urine with osm less than 250 and hypernatremia

Answer 15

Diabetes insipidus

Question 16

Hypokalemia most common cause

Answer 16

Diuretics

Question 17

Emergent tx of hyperkalemia

Answer 17

Insulin plus 10-50% glucose
Or
Nebulized albuterol

Both to drive K+ into cell

Question 18

Most common cause of hypocalcemia

Spasm of muscles, cramps, tetany

Answer 18

Renal failure

Question 19

Most common cause hypercalcemia

Constipation, polyuria, stupor

Answer 19

Primary hyperparathyroidism

Question 20

Tx of hypercalcemia

Answer 20

Saline with lasix

• if from malignancy: bisphosphates

Question 21

Glomerulonephritis usual cause

RBC casts

Answer 21

Immune complex related like IgA nephropathy, post infectious or lupus

Also, malignant HTN, hemolytic uremic syndrome or TTP

Question 22

Primary glomerulonephritis

RBC casts

Answer 22

Renal abnormality only

Secondary causes are from systemic disease

Question 23

Asymptomatic microscopic hematuria in adults

Answer 23

IgA nephropathy glomerulonephritis

Aka Bergers disease

Question 24

Gross hematuria following URI in kids

Answer 24

IgA glomerulonephritis (Bergers)

Question 25

Most common form of glomerular damage in developed countries

Answer 25

Diabetes

Question 26

Anti glomerular basement membrane antibody

May have hemoptysis

Answer 26

Goodpasture syndrome

Question 27

Dark, smoky, cola-colored urine

Answer 27

Glomerulonephritis

RBC casts

Question 28

Edema location in glomerulonephritis

Answer 28

Periorbital or sacral

Or scrotal?

Question 29

Gold standard for glomerulonephritis dx

Answer 29

Renal bx and immunoflourescent microscopy

• not really done tho

Question 30

Anti GBM antibody

Answer 30

Goodpasture syndrome

Question 31

Palpable flank mass

Answer 31

Polycystic kidney disease

-90% are inherited

Question 32

Easiest most cost effective test for PCKD

Answer 32

Abdominal renal ultrasound

Most sensitive is MRI but $$$$

Question 33

Lithrotripsy

Answer 33

Breaking up stones with sound waves

Question 34

Tx if have HTN

Answer 34

ACE inhibitors

• kidney protective

Question 35

6 yo with hematuria, mild HA, RBC casts

Answer 35

Acute glomerulonephritis