Glomerular Diseases Flashcards
Glomerulonephritis definition
A variety of conditions that cause inflammation of glomeruli
Primarily an IMMUNE process
Glomerulonephritis damage occurs in the ___ and ___
glomerulus and tubules
What is a glomerulus
Delicate network of arterioles within the Bowman’s capsule
The AFFERENT artery takes blood ___ the glomerulus
to
The EFFERENT artery takes blood ___ the glomerulus
away from
Glomerulus capillary membranes have three layers:
- Endothelium
- Glomerulus Basement Membrane (GBM)
- Podocytes (special epithelial cells)
Type II hypersensitivity reaction
reactions occur on the cell surface and result in direct cell death or malfunction (5%)
Type III hypersensitivity reaction
immune complexes are deposited into tissues and the resultinginflammation destroys the tissue (90%)
Acute Glomerulonephritis manifestations
Abrupt onset
H.A.R.P.
Hematuria
Azotemia
Retention (Na+ & water)
Proteinuria
Acute Glomerulonephritis Triggers
Post-Infectious
Primary Disease (Berger disease)
Multisystem Disease (Goodpasture syndrome, lupus, vasculitis)
___ infections are the most common trigger of acute glomerulonephritis
STREPtococcal infections
Anti-GBM antibodies attack the basement membrane of the glomerulus AND the ___
LUNGS
What is Chronic Glomerulonephritis?
Long term inflammation of the glomerulus resulting in scar tissue (happens over months to years)
What is Nephrotic Syndrome?
The glomerulus is too permeable to plasma proteins
Elimination of >3 grams of protein per day
Nephrotic Syndrome is characterized by elimination of >_g of protein per day
3 grams
