Glomerular Disease

Question 1

Common clinical presentation of glomerular disease

Answer 1

Protein, hemat ,nephrotic nephritic alterd serim creatine and Aki

Question 2

How you differentiate the glomerular and extraglomerular hematuria

Answer 2

Glomerular - RBC cast, dysphormic RBC, >500mg/day protein

Extraglomerular- normal Rbc, cast absent, 500aduii

Question 3

Characteristics of nephrotic syndrome

Answer 3

Proteinuria
Hypoalbuminia
Generalized edema
Dyslipidimea
Others

Question 4

Difference between nephrotic and nephritic syndrome

Answer 4

Loss of protein inflammatory
Frothy urine rbc wbc main
Subnephrotic
Proteinuria
Oliguria high bp

Question 5

Mechanism toprevent proteinuria, normal protein urination
Which amount indicate renal disease

Answer 5

Physical ,negative charge, tubular reabsorption
<80mg/day
>500mg/day

Question 6

Selective and non selective proteinuria

Immune mediated( local, systemic) and non immune mediated examples

Answer 6

Albumin ,albumin + large other proteins

Sle and maliganacy
Idiopathic membranous nephropathy

Minimal change disease
FSGS

Question 7

Most common cause for nephrotic sundrome in children
Mechanism of disease
How confirm the disease

Answer 7

MCD
Larger slit
EM

Question 8

MCD sensitive to
Good prognosis in
Proteinuria is often (selective/ nonselective)

Answer 8

Steroid
Children
Selective

Question 9

Common cause of nephrotic syndrome among adult
Due to defect in
Characteristics feature
How it become CKD
Primary and secondary causes

Answer 9

FSGS
Podocytes
Segmental sclerosis
Segment > global sclerosis with interstiatial atrophy and tubular atropy> ckd
Idiopathic
Infections,drugs hemodynamic adptations genetics

Question 10

Most common cause for nephrotic syndrome in adults
Mediated disease
Deposit the Antibody
How it become CKD
Causes
What membranous proliferative GN
Characteristics features

Answer 10

Membranous glomerular nephropathy
Immune complex
IgG, same as Fsgs, idiopathic,secondary - malignancy,sle,infection ,drugs

Question 11

Types of amyloid deposits in glomerular nephropathy And examples

Common symptoms of amyloidosis
Treatment

Answer 11

Al in excess immunoglobulins
AA in chronic inflammation RA
AL in genetic caises

Proteinuria , nephrotic syndrome, kidney failure

Chemotherapy , steroids ,kidney transplant

Question 12

Nephritic syndrome and glomerular haematuria

Injurius agents
Injury pattern in glomerular

Answer 12

Immune complex , ANCA ,OTHERS( malignant htn, bacterial toxins, hereditary)

Mesangial, endocapillary, endocapillary proliferation with necrosis, crescents

Question 13

Most common cause for nephritic syndrome in children
Due or
Less commonly following
In adult common among pt
Mechanism of disease

Answer 13

PsGN, pharyngitis or skin, pharyngitis ,
Diabetic
Antibody cross reaction

Question 14

Histoligical manifestation of PSGN
All involved
Proloferation
Infiltration
When it complicated form
Symptoms
If significant rise in creatine suspect

Answer 14

Acute diffuse proliferative GN
All glomruli, neutrophil,crescents,

Question 15

Other names for PSGN
Commenest cause for haematuria inadults
Mechanism
IgA related systemic disease and characteristics
HSP characteristics

Answer 15

Acute diffuse GN, post infection GN
Iga nephropathy , autoimmune ,deposition of iga on mesangium

Heamturia due to GN and purpura due to dermal small vessel vasculitis