Globsl test 1 Flashcards
How do we study the past?
By using Primary nd Secondary Sources
What are the two items that historians analyze
Primary and Secondary sources
Primary Source
an item (picture, journal entry, or court document) that is solely from one of the party’s involved
Secondary Source
an item that is composed from somebody else who was not involved.
The study of humans, past, present
Anthropology
“What is history but a fable agreed upon.”
Napoleon Bonaparte
how do we know about the past
People always kept records about their cultures and others
The study of humans, past, and present
Anthropology
Often related to the Old Stone age
Paleolithic Period
Paleolithic Period
time period of human ancestors
from around 2 million BCE to 9,000 BCE
they were nomadic
lived in small groups
hunters gatherers
People were dependent entirely on their environment for survival
Things From this Paleolithic time period
First sign of religion
first sign of people burying their dead
controlled fire
earliest sign of people building boats to travel across water
Belief that spirits and forces live within animals, objects, or dreams
Animism
Framing marks the period known as
The Neolithic Period
Neolithic Period
The period of time during which the introduction of agriculture led people to transition from nomadic to settled life.
A.R.C.s stands for
Ancient River Civilizations
4 Main A.R.C.s
Sumer, Early Egypt, Indus, Shang
Along the Tigris and Euphrates River
In the Middle East
Sumer
Along the Nile River
Early Egypt
Mainly in modern day Pakistan + India, along the Indus River and other rivers in the area.
Indus
Along the Yellow River Huang, In CHina
Shang
What is in common between all 4 ARCs (8)
social structure
water sources
farmland
property
jobs
economy
tools/tech
ruler
Between the Tigris & Euphrates Rivers
Mesopotamia
Greek work meaning middle of rivers
Mesopotamia
What was the benefits of being between 2 rivers
Agriculture thriving, surplus of food
Assyria vs Babylon
military dynasty merchants and agriculture
Animism Supreme God
Master engineer Code of Hammurabi
Mesopotamia contributions
Palaces, recordkeeping/ writing, cuneiform, Epic of Gilgamesh, math, the bronze age
Public works of Mesopotamia
Ziggurats (pyramid temples)
Irrigation Canals (advanced technology)
Society and Law in Maesopotamia
priests ran society and acted as judges
Code of Hammurabi
harsh law
relationship to Gods
relationship between classes
status of woman
The Babylon Map of the World
700-500 BCE likely from Southern Iraq
What is the Babylonian map of the world of
The Mesopotamian World
What was the Babylonian Map done in
cuneiform
What is above the map
A description of the different regions and geographic features. It shows the physical world such as the location of cities and canals. It also show’s the mythological world such as the island where “the sun is hidden and nothing can be seen”. and the island that is “beyond the flight of birds”
Downfall of Mesopotamia
Successors to Sumeria
Amorites or old Babylonians
Hittites
Assyrians
Chaldees or new Babylonians
Decline of Mesopotamia in World History
ceased to be important after Persian conquest
largely caused by long-term environment damage, decline in food supply
Egypts geography
centered around the Nile RIver
the Nile floods
at the same time each year
The Nile flows
North thus Lower Egypt is to the North
Egypt is protected by deserts
to the east and west
Also called Pyramid Age
ruling pharaohs built tombs that would last for eternity
building usually started when they took the throne
The Old Kingdom
Development of hieroglyphics (Old Kingdom)
probably based on sumerian script
pictographic and Alphabetic elements
Old Kingdom Government
Upper &Lower Egypt united
Pharaohs have strong central authority and absolute power
Vizier
was the decline of the Old kingdom
Mesopotamia made a map
shows land, location, names of places
Middle Kingdom
Pharaohs restore prosperity and stability
(Middle kingdom) Trades with _________ to the SOuth increases
Nubians
What Kingdom is it that the cultures of two people begin to mix
Middle Kingdom
Eventually _________the ________ army occupies____________
Egyptian army, Nubia
Decline of the Middle Kingdom
Invaded by the Hyksos from Western Asia
Who adopts Egyptian customs and beliefs
Hyksos
The New Kingdom
large empire reaches to the Euphrates River
more contact with other civilizations
(new Kingdom) first known _________ signed with the ______________
Peace treaty/ Hititties
Female pharaoh who encouraged trade
Hatshepsut
Very powerful and ruled for 67 years defeated Hitities
Ramses II
Famous tomb
King Tut
the 1st monotheist and husband of Nefertiti
Akhenaton/ Amonhotep IV
What was the decline of the New Kingdom
power declines after Ramses II, a succession of invaders conquer Egypt ( Sea people, Hyksos, Persians, & Greeks)
