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sociology media topic 3 - globalisation and popular culture > globalisation and popular culture > Flashcards

globalisation and popular culture Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How does Hall Et All 1999 refer to globalisation as?

A

number of processes which have broken down importance of national borders and been argued to have bought people closer together politically economically and culturally

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2
Q

What is globalisation?

A

the widening, deepening and speeding up of a world wide interconnectedness

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3
Q

How do Scott and Marshall 2009 define culture?

A

define culture as that which human society is socially rather than biologically transmitted such as learning norms values rules and traditions from others

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4
Q

What is high culture?

A

What society considers the highest intellectual achievement in society

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5
Q

What are examples of high culture?

A

Opera, ballet,classical music

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6
Q

What is folk culture?

A

Ideas that are passed down by ordinary people

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7
Q

What are examples of folk culture?

A

Bonfire night, folk dancing

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8
Q

What is popular culture?

A

Products of mass media that are enjoyed by the majority and are created by mass consumption

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9
Q

How is popular culture viewed?

A

Seen as dumbed down and superficial and has little artistic merit

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10
Q

What are examples of popular culture?

A

Tv programmes, films,magazine,pop music

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11
Q

How has entertainment media become globalised?

A

Through satellite tv, global marketing and branding of media products like films and music and social networking sites such as Facebook and Instagram

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12
Q

How has popular culture increasingly globalised?

A

Popular culture more popular such as video games and sporting events becoming more popular across multiple countries across the globe

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13
Q

What is homogenisation of culture?

A

The reduction of cultural diversity that occurs when people in society abandon folk culture and favour mass producers and global culture

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14
Q

What is the effect of entertainment media becoming globalised on TV and mobile phones?

A

Most of the world engages with the same popular culture and consume the same new media such as new released films

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15
Q

What is cultural homogenisation?

A

A reduction of cultural diversity that occurs when people abandon their folk culture

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16
Q

What is Americanisation of culture?

A

Where America is behind cultural imperialism and impose media and pop culture on less powerful cultures and countries

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17
Q

What ways have British folk culture become increasingly replaced by American popular culture?

A

American shows like Friends
Hollywood blockbusters such as Avengers
McDonalds menu such as Big Mac found globally in most restaurants

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18
Q

What is media saturation?

A

The overwhelming presence and consumption of media content in todays society

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19
Q

How do postmodernists see media saturation?

A

A key characteristic of modern society and they argue media has played a key role in the change from modern societies based on industrial manufacturing to more complex postmodern society

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20
Q

How has globalisation of the media given people more choice about type of culture, product or brand?

A

People are now more aware of hundred of diverse cultures all over the world which gives them inspiration to break their own traditional folk cultures and live life how they choose
There is now many more choices of consumption of films, music etc

21
Q

What has happened between high culture and popular culture?

A

It is becoming increasingly blurred

22
Q

What is an example of line between high culture and popular culture becoming blurred?

A

Watching classical music on BBC4 and then switching channels to watch Factor on ITV

23
Q

How does media raise awareness of the choices people have in postmodern society?

A

ME TOO MOVEMENT to educate and unite members of sexual assault or harassment
BLM to unite those frustrated with racism and raise awareness of police brutality

24
Q

How has media saturation led audiences to reject meta narratives and absolute truth?

A

There are an array of voices and opinions online now that challenge traditional meta narratives or viewpoint that think there is only one view such as science

25
Q

How is now harder for those in power to manipulate people?

A

People are now increasingly sceptical of truth claims of experts as people now believe in relativism

26
Q

What is relativism?

A

A theory which believes there is no single truth

27
Q

What is participatory culture?

A

Involvement of users, audiences and consumers in creation of culture and content such as writing a blog or uploading Youtube videos

28
Q

How does participatory culture empower media users?

A

Empowers them as it makes media more democratic as audiences get involved in making culture and shaping content , not just passively consuming

29
Q

What does Murthy say about positive effects of globalisation?

A

He believes sites like Twitter can be used to draw attention to human rights, abuse, oppression and protests

30
Q

How have the Burma protests in 1998 and 2007 showed positive effects of globalisation on popular protests?

A

In 1998 mass anti government protests failed to receive attention because government banned journalists from country
In 2007 it received far more coverage, citizens had access to mobile phones and internet which they could use to send messages and images about the protests

31
Q

How does Thompson say local cultures combine global mass media with folk culture?

A

Global media products are frequently adapted by local folk cultures resulting in hybrid cultures

32
Q

What are some examples of hybrid cultures?

A

Bollywood films combining Hollywood and Indian entertainment values

33
Q

What are three strengths of postmodernists view of globalisation? AO3

A

1) Globalisation has had positive effect such as enabling popular protest Arab Spring
2) Sharing of ideas and knowledge of participatory culture
3) Hybrid culture suggests that folk cultures are not being replaced but just evolving

34
Q

What are the two criticisms of postmodernists view of globalisation? AO3

A

1) Exaggerates influence the media has on people as social attitude surveys suggest factors like ethnic,family,religion as important part of shaping their identity rather than media
2) Overlooks digital divide

35
Q

What is imperialism?

A

Refers to a country imposing its power on other countries through military conquest

36
Q

What is cultural imperialism?

A

Refers to a country imposing their power on others through the media and cultural products rather than military strength

37
Q

What is the view of the Marxist Frankfurt School?

A

Sees popular culture as an attempt to distract WC from exploitation and inequality, which encourages conformity and discourages false consciousness

38
Q

What does Marcuse say about media companies?

A

He says that media companies encourage their audiences to subscribe to 3 ways of thinking

39
Q

How does Marcuse explain commodity fetishism?

A

The idea that products of popular culture have special powers that somehow enhance the life of the user e.g Apple Products

40
Q

How does Marcuse explain false needs?

A

Through advertising the media make consumers believe they must have a certain product to live a modern lifestyle but they are not essential

41
Q

How does Marcuse explain conspicuous consumption?

A

Consumers are encouraged to be seen with the right kind of products in order to gain status e.g designer clothing

42
Q

What does Cultural Imperialism see the purpose of the media as?

A

As indoctrinating global consumers into capitalist values like materialism and consumerism producing false consciousness that prevents criticism of capitalist system

43
Q

What does Flew 2007 say about Americanisation?

A

The US is the empire behind cultural imperialism and imposes its media on less powerful nations e.g Levis Jeans, Coca Cola, Pepsi, Hollywood movies such as Star Wars

44
Q

Whatdo some argue about transportation of American Products?

A

Some argue that the US is exporting not just its products but its values along with such brands so products and values are becoming part of dominant global culture

45
Q

What do Cultural Imperialists argue American cultural dominance is due to?

A

Due to trend of media concentration in the hands of large American media conglomerates such as Disney, Timewarner, Google and Facebook

46
Q

What are three problems with Americanisation of global culture AO3 ?

A

1) Concerns that American culture will destroy diverse local cultures so mass advertising results in American brands such as Coca Cola being seen as modernisation to those developing cultures so they abandon their own folk culture
2) Dominate of TNCs mean the choice the new media offers to consumers is an illusion
3) There are also growing concerns about civic disengagement as media encourages people to be more concerned with their TV or social media accounts than the local communities

47
Q

What are strengths of Cultural Imperialist view? AO3

A

1) Marcuse ideas on consumerism are persuasive as it is evident certain brands are fetishised and encourage conspicuous consumption
2) There are multiple examples of US culture becoming more influential e.g Halloween, Black Friday, the Super Bowl which is often driven by advertising

48
Q

What are the limitations of Cultural Imperialist view? AO3

A

1) Postmodernists would criticise the Cultural Imperialist view as a metanarative which is overly simplistic about the effect of the media as audiences interpret the media in multiple diverse ways and it is too simplistic to portray them in multiple diverse ways and it is too simplistic to portray them as passively brainwashed into consumerist culture
2) Overly pessimistic about destruction of local folk cultures as most music is still made locally
3) Overlooks positive effects of globalisation of Western Culture such as increased acceptance of LGBT and women’s rights

sociology media topic 3 - globalisation and popular culture (1 decks)

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