globalisation and crime Flashcards
define globalisation
the world is becoming more interconnected economically, culturally and politically
describe hyper globalists
- believe that globalisation is a good thing
- a process that makes society better
describe pessimistic globalists
- globalisation is a negative feature of society
- globalisation is largely westernisation or cultural imperialism leading to a homogenous society that destroys cultures
what did Held state
the globalisation of crime is the growing interconnectedness of crime across national borders
- sometimes referred to as the national organised crime
what did Castell say
- while globalisation can create benefits for legitemate business, it allows for the emergence of an illegitemate global economy estimated to be worth over 1B per year
give a specific example of globalised crime
- mexican drug cartels
- produce and transport illegal drugs from Latin America to the Unites States
what are some overall examples of globalised crime
- drugs trade
- human trafficking
- cyber crimes
financial crimes - transnational organised crime
- terrorism
describe drug trade as an example of globalised crime
- global drug trade is worth over 300B per year
- often cultivated in developing countries such as Colombia which have impoverished populations so drugs is an attractive trade
describe human trafficking as an example of globalised crime
- its estimated that over 2000 organs are trafficked per year
- women/children trafficked for sex trade or slavery
- half a million ppl are trafficked to western Europe annnually
describe cyber crime as an example of globalised crime
- development of internet provides opportunities for new types of crime
- its a transnational crime as as the hacker can be in a different country to the victim
what are some reasons that globalised crime occur
- individualism
- greater opportunities
- disorganised capitalism
- risk society
- problems with policing
- greater inequality
describe individualism as a reason why globalised crime occurs
- Bauman –> ppl are encouraged to persue individual goals, more money…
- Taylor suggests this leaves ppl to weigh up the pros and cons and decide which brings most rewards
- in modern society, consumerism and material wealth replace morals
describe Greater opportunities as a reason why globalised crime occurs
- has created new opportunities that didn’t exist before eg: scamming and hacking
- cyber crimes can take place across multiple locations, trolls can hide behind ‘fake’ profiles etc.
- reduces the risk of commiting
describe Disorganised Capitalism as a reason why globalised crime occurs
- Lash and Urry argue globalisation is accompanied by less regulation and fewer state controls over business/finance
- corporations can operate transnational , moving money and staff around the globe, often to countries where operating costs are lower
describe Risk society as a reason why globalised crime occurs
- globalisation has resulted in ppl becoming more risk aware –> Beck calls is increased risk consciousness
- media coverage = awareness
- awareness can fuel mentalities that lead to hate crime directed at EMs
describe problems with policing as a reason why globalised crime occurs
- becaue crime is transnational it requires cooperations between many law enforcement agencies
- what may be illegal in some countries may not be in others
- difficult to determine jurisdiction
describe Greater inequality as a reason why globalised crime occurs
- Taylor –> capitalism by nature produces winners/losers
- crime is fuelled because the disadvantaged in both countries are exposed to more risk that can cause crime
what are some overall A03 points of globalisation and crime
- contemporary era isnt the only time when there has been unemployment –> relative dep. rather than poverty that causes crime
- role of globalisation could be exaggerated
- complexity makes it difficult
