Globalisation

Question 1

What causes the unequal distribution of health-damaging experiences?.

Answer 1

The toxic combinations of poor social policies & programmes, unfair economic arrangements, and bad politics
Basic courses: potential resources →economic structure → political &ideological superstructure → human, economic& organisational control

Question 2

Global Market

Answer 2

A more integrated world economy-removal of borders & barriers
Systems and institutions of global economic governance
Economic globalisation is the driving force

Question 3

What is neoliberalism?

Answer 3

To free economic life from social and political control
→ Free markets government is incompetent in distributing resources.
→ Small state
→ Humans - act to drive this; inequality and social hierarchy are natural I beneficial
→ Development, poverty eradication and improved health will occur through economic growth and wealth creation.

Question 4

What are the policies of hecrliberalism?

Answer 4

Deregulation (trade, finance, etc)
Deunionisation
Low taxes
Marketisation / commodification, privatisation / comercialisation, strong private property rights
Emphasis on technology

Question 5

What are the effects of neoliberal policies?

Answer 5

→Economic: tolerance of poverty? inequality
→Political: weakens governments ability to regulate and redistribute wealth
→Cultural: celebration of individualism /greed /excess , consumerism and materialism
→Environmental: degradation

Question 6

How does the New Public Management (NPM) affect the public sector ?.

Answer 6

1 Subjects bureaucracies to the discipline of competition & the market-competition with private sector, corporation of organisations, internal quasi-markets.
2 redefines the role of government→ protect property rights, law &order, safety net for the poor

Question 7

What is the reality of neoliberalism?

Answer 7

Selective liberalisation - finance and commodities but not the people
Markets (not free or fair) - monopolies encouraged or tolerated,many costs externalised, state intervention allowed CEng fanatical bailout when in crisis)

Question 8

How neoliberalism is organised to sustain its power in the UK? (Hayek)

Answer 8

From base to top:

1. Interest → political & economic elite (1%)
2. Values → competition, hierarchy-security
3. Principles→individualfreedom, free markets, limited government
4. Pillars of power→government,corporations,finance, media, academia
5. Narrative → business is best,strivers & skivers,public debt bad
6. Priorities →privatisation,deregulation, austerity
7. Outcomes→ inequality, corporate powers, environmental destruction, alienation

Question 9

Democracy vs free markets

Answer 9

Incompatible

Question 10

How has globalisation affected global health?

Answer 10

Increased:

• relevance and potency ofglobal ‘supra-national determinants of health
• variety & no. Of health problems that transcend national boundaries
• power of global health actors vs national actors.

Question 11

Globalisation definition

Answer 11

Inter-connectedness & integration in the spatial physical or territorial), temporal (time), and social & cognitive (thoughts and ideas) dimensions.

Question 12

Globalisation: A political process

Answer 12

Shifts in power (from elected governments to transnational corporations)
Systems of global governance

Question 13

How has globalisation changed healthcare?

Answer 13

Global labour market

• Out -sourcing
• Brain drain

Trade-related intellectual property rights(TRIPS)

Financialisation (the increasing role of financial motives…in our daily life)

Question 14

Indirect effects on healthcare

Answer 14

TNCs and non-communicable diseases

Global warming (cause of premature mortality)

Inequality

Question 15

Austerity

Answer 15

A set of political-economic policies that aim to reduce government budget deficits through spending cuts, tax increases, or a combination of both

Question 16

How has austerity harmed people’s health?

Answer 16

Increased rates of depression and suicide.

Especially in men aged ~50yo