globalisation

Question 1

define the concept of globalisation

Answer 1

the increased interconnectedness between countries resulting from the expanding trade, finance and ideas in one global marketplace. these are advancedments in technology, transport and communication.

Question 2

define diffusion

Answer 2

this is the transfer or dispersal of cultural elements from one group of people to other groups.

Question 3

whats the definition of adaptation

Answer 3

alteration or adjustments in response to a changed environment

Question 4

define sustainability

Answer 4

meets the needs of current generations withoout compromising the ability of future grnerations to meet their own needs

Question 5

how have advances in transport aided in gloabisation?

Answer 5

the distance in time that people have had to travel between two continents hvae shortened. evolution from steam ships to cars and aroplanes increasing in size and mass. allowing larger amounts of goods and people to travel faster and further. allowing goods from brittain to travel to india. helping world trade and the diffusion of elements of culture

Question 6

how have telecommunication aided in globalisation?

Answer 6

information is history would only travel by horse ship or train. and only small amounts of it. but this has advanced to radio and mobile phones and tv due to the internet. allowing messages to travel in seconds and information to spread across the world easily

Question 7

changes in spatial distribution of the production and consumption of goods and services

Answer 7

many key innovations relate to transport and communication that allowed the the distribution of goods and services.
- an example of this is when the colonists needed to develop networks of roads and railways and trading systems to connect to europe. once a set of political networks was established between imperial power and the colonist interconnectedness and economic netowrks followed

Question 8

how do governments limit diffusion?

Answer 8

limit diffusion financially by prohibiting or taxing import of foreign goods to protect their own industry.

Question 9

why has the middle class in china expanded?

Answer 9

chinas has the largest manufactoring output now meaning because they have more disposable income and represent a key part of tourists.

Question 10

example of where diffusion was forced

Answer 10

the islamic caliphate conquered large areas of north affrica and middle east in the 7th sentuary. the conquers brought with them the arabic language and values related to islam which include alchahole consumtion and the position of wonen in society.

Question 11

characteristics of globalised citizens

Answer 11

mobile connected globalised

• very rish
• the highly qualified
• the healthy
• the young
• with linguistic competence
• those with extensive networks

Question 12

what are the characteristic of relatively localising citizens

Answer 12

immobile disconnected localised

• very poor
• unqualified/illiterate
• the sick and disabled
• those tied to familly/countries
• those with only local network

Question 13

whats an example of time-space convergence

Answer 13

this is the lessening of the distance between points. from 1658- 1966 the time taken to travel to edinburgh to london was 300hrs and now it takes around 3hrs. as trains roads and airoplanes were introduced

Question 14

explain what comparative advantage is?

Answer 14

• cattle farms in australia can distribute meat around the world due to refidgerated transport vehicles
• this is also a comparative advantage as it means that australia has easier acess to meats than many other countries that do not have large cattle farms like australia.

Question 15

how does netfix display diffusion

Answer 15

once ntflixx went to online streaminf they expanded from just the USA to canada then to the UK, Scandinavia and Ireland. in 2021 netlix is available in 190 different countries. netflix has been responsible for the shift away from tv and cable tv.

Question 16

give an example of diffusion of news media

Answer 16

it operates 24hrs a day and covered the fall of the berlin wall and the 9/11 terrorist attack. spreading the news across the world in seconds.

Question 17

why are world cities economically important?

Answer 17

this is because of their extent of there power and influence. to identify a world city is to count the number of head offices and multinational corporations the city posseses. multinational corporations can buy sell lease out or hire any goods or services. these corporations need to raise large amounts of money to invest in buisnesses like mining and factories.

Question 18

why are world cities culturally important?

Answer 18

these cities include large number of universities and reasearch institutes meaning there are many skilled employees with new and innovative ideas to keep businesses successful. this also means that these cities are filled with wealthy people. this also boosting the housing prices.

Question 19

what are some examples of world cities

Answer 19

tokyo, new york, london

Question 20

what is the defintion of sustainable development

Answer 20

development that meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Question 21

how is globalisation impacting the environment?

Answer 21

due to an increase demand in clothing fast fashion is occurring in a lot larger masses. therefore the fashion industry being responsible for 5% of carbon emmisions.

Question 22

social/ environmental impacts of globalisation in india.

Answer 22

air pollution killed more people in india in 2019 than anything else. a study showed that a child from a middle class family was expect to live 5yrs longer than a child from a more polluted area.

• the increase in AI and automtion was introduced into many manufactoring cites and 3.2 million people lost there jobs because of this.

Question 23

what are the effects of air pollution in india

Answer 23

causes serious health issues like liver damage and blood clots that can lead to cancers.

Question 24

economical impact of globalisation in india

Answer 24

• although many indians are dying due to air pollution the government has not adressed pollution as a priority, because some officalls see it as the price to pay for efficient economic growth and to lift people out of poverty
• income inequality also takes a toll on india as the top 1% of india earned 21% of the income in india.

Question 25

how does globalisation contribute to greater income inequality

Answer 25

Globalisation increases greater income inequality as it increases the gap between lower and upper class. by shifting low-skilled jobs from wealthier countries to poorer countries. for example world cities where the headquaters are will never actually produce the product but will pay people at low wages in a poorer country for example india. the people producing get alot less income than the people actually selling the product.

Question 26

how has globalisation impacted china environmentally?

Answer 26

china has been industrialised but has also deicated effort into adressing environmental issues. though its the worlds biggest energy genorator 42% of the energy produced is renewable power. this is the result of lowering the cost of renewable power which also meant china could afford infrustructural cost to sustain economic growth.

Question 27

how has globalisation impacted chinas economy

Answer 27

20% of the worlds middle class is from china cue to the open door policy, which enourgaed trade and foreign investments. with an increased middle class meant there was an increase in consumption of goods and services.
- due to chinas economic growth it has allowed them to innovate railroads airports which also increase tourism .

Question 28

social impacts of globalisation in china

Answer 28

the economic growth allowed the government to put additional funding into the education system.

Question 29

what is time space convergence?

Answer 29

the process by which places can be said to become closer to each other as the time take to travel to the places has decreased