Global Studies 9, Unit 4 Flashcards
This covers chapter 13 and 14 of our textbook
Bubonic plague
a deadly disease that spread across Asia and Europe in the mid-14th century, killing millions of people
Burgher
a medieval merchant-class town dweller
Canon Law
the body of laws governing the religious practices of a Christian church
Carolingian Dynasty
a dynasty of Frankish rulers, lasting from A.D. 751 to 987
Chivalry
a code of behavior for knights in medieval Europe, stressing ideals such as courage, loyalty, and devotion
Clergy
a body of officials who perform religious services—such as priests, ministers, or rabbis.
Commercial Revolution
the expansion of trade and business that transformed European economies during the 16th and 17th centuries.
Common Law
a unified body of law formed from rulings of England’s royal judges that serves as the basis for law in many English-speaking countries today, including the United States
Crusade
one of the expeditions in which medieval Christian warriors sought to recover control of the Holy Land from the Muslims
Estates-General
an assembly of representatives from all three of the estates, or social classes, in France
Fief
an estate granted to a vassal by a lord under the feudal system in medieval Europe
Franks
a Germanic people who settled in the Roman province of Gaul (roughly the area now occupied by France) and established a great empire during the Middle Ages
Gothic
relating to a style of church architecture that developed in medieval Europe, featuring ribbed vaults, stained glass windows, flying buttresses, pointed arches, and tall spires.
Great Schism
a division in the medieval Roman Catholic Church, during which rival popes were established in Avignon and in Rome
Guild
a medieval association of people working at the same occupation, which controlled its members’ wages and prices
Holy Roman Empire
an empire established in Europe in the 10th century A.D., originally consisting mainly of lands in what is now Germany and Italy
Hundred Years’ War
a conflict in which England and France battled on French soil on and off from 1337 to 1453
Inquisition
a Roman Catholic tribunal for investigating and prosecuting charges of heresy—especially the one active in Spain during the 1400s.
Knight
in medieval Europe, an armored warrior who fought on horseback
Lay Investiture
the appointment of religious officials by kings or nobles
Lord
in feudal Europe, a person who controlled land and could therefore grant estates to vassals
Magna Carta
“Great Charter”—a document guaranteeing basic political rights in England, drawn up by nobles and approved by King John in A.D. 1215
Manor
a lord’s estate in feudal Europe
Middle Ages
the era in European history that followed the fall of the Roman Empire, lasting from about 500 to 1500—also called the medieval period.
